Biochemical profile of young pre- and mildly hypertensive adults: a single centre, case control study
Background: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia. Hypertension prevalence in Malaysia is at 42.6% based on the 2006 National Health and Morbidity Survey and population-based hypertension control is extremely poor at only 26.8%. Objective:...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2011
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/10281/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/10281/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/10281/1/BIOCHEMICAL_PROFILE_OF_YOUNG_PRE.pdf |
| Summary: | Background: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia. Hypertension prevalence in Malaysia is at 42.6% based on the 2006 National Health and Morbidity Survey and population-based hypertension control is extremely poor at only 26.8%.
Objective: The objective of the study is to ascertain the biochemical profile of young pre-hypertensive and mildly hypertensive adults against age-matched, optimally normotensive controls in a single centre in Kuantan, Pahang.
Methods and Materials: 484 subjects attending a primary health care clinic in Kuantan were screened. 91 young adults between the ages of 20 and 45 with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) ranges of between 120 - 159 mmHg and 80 - 99 mmHg respectively and age-matched controls were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. The BP and biochemical profiles were assessed and compared.
Results: The mean age of the subjects were 32.17 ± 6.21 years. In the patient groups, 46.30% had pre-hypertension BP and 53.70% had mild hypertension. Mean values of subjects in the patient and age-matched control groups for total cholesterol (TC) 5.82 ± 1.03 vs 5.51 ± 1.03 (p=0.16), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) 3.75 ± 0.95 vs 3.32 ± 0.93 (p=0.03), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) 1.33 + 0.35 vs 1.73 + 0.46 (p< 0.001), triglyceride 1.68 + 0.88 vs 1.01 + 0.54 (p< 0.001), TC/HDL ratio 4.58 ± 1.16 vs 3.34 ± 0.98 (p< 0.001), fasting blood glucose (FBG) 4.65 ± 0.54 vs 4.33 ± 0.42 (p=0.03) and body mass index (BMI) 28.81 ± 5.16 vs 24.12 ± 4.91 (p< 0.001). Pre-hypertensive and mildly hypertensive group subjects both had statistically significant higher HDL (p< 0.001), triglyceride (p< 0.001), TC/HDL ratio (p< 0.001), FBG (p= 0.001) and BMI (p< 0.001) compared to optimally normotensive controls. The mean BP (SBP, DBP) of subjects was significantly associated with BMI, FBG, triglycerides, HDL and the TC/HDL ratio.
Conclusion: Greater BMI, FBG, HDL, triglyceride levels and TC/HDL ratio significantly characterised the young adults with pre-hypertension and mild hypertension. The data suggests that essential hypertension, in young adults especially, rather than being a standalone cause, is an accumulation of several clinical abnormalities befitting metabolic syndrome instead.
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