Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective

Objectives: In Malaysia dietary supplements are ram- pantly consumed for general health and well-being and therefore, available in community pharmacies, health food stores, night markets, grocery stores and even obtained via internet. However, gap in the level of Malaysian consumer’s awareness regar...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad, Ismail, Zahari, Khari, N. S., Mohamad, N. N., Jamshed, Shazia Qasim
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier 2012
Subjects:	QD Chemistry RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/1/RSAP-2012.pdf

id	iium-28379
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-283792013-11-11T03:16:46Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad Ismail, Zahari Khari, N. S. Mohamad, N. N. Jamshed, Shazia Qasim QD Chemistry RS Pharmacy and materia medica Objectives: In Malaysia dietary supplements are ram- pantly consumed for general health and well-being and therefore, available in community pharmacies, health food stores, night markets, grocery stores and even obtained via internet. However, gap in the level of Malaysian consumer’s awareness regarding the toxicity of dietary supplements is a major issue, which needs to be addressed by the analysis of their constituents. This study was aimed to evaluate and analyze the heavy metal contents such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in registered dietary supplements available in community pharmacies in Malaysia Methods: This study was focused on Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali), glucosamine, Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) products. A total of twenty registered single ingredient dosage form dietary supple- ments from different brands were purchased from com- munity pharmacies located in Penang. The samples were then evaluated and subjected to analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The study showed that variable amounts of lead have been quantified as 0.29 -0.47 ppm (Tongkat Ali), 0.19 – 0.27 ppm (glucosamine), 0.01 – 0.38 ppm (garlic) and 0.26 – 0.74 ppm (ginger) products. While for cad- mium detection, the amounts indicated 0.02 – 0.24 ppm (Tongkat Ali), 0.03 – 0.22 ppm (glucosamine), 0.06 ppm (ginger) and was absent in garlic No traces of arsenic and mercury were found in all four product samples. The regression linear coefficients (r2) for Pb, Cd, As and Hg standards were 0.9990, 0.9958, 0.9960 and 0.9989, respectively. Conclusions: The amount of Pb, Cd, As and Hg in all the products were found within the limits as per the re- quirement stated by National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau (NPCB). Thus, in order to ensure the safety and quality of dietary supplements, the analysis of heavy metals must be carried out on routine basis using simple and robust atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) technique Elsevier 2012-11-16 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/1/RSAP-2012.pdf Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad and Ismail, Zahari and Khari, N. S. and Mohamad, N. N. and Jamshed, Shazia Qasim (2012) Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 8. e57-e58. ISSN 1551-7411 http://www.rsap.org/article/S1551-7411%2812%2900276-8/abstract 10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.08.133
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	QD Chemistry RS Pharmacy and materia medica
spellingShingle	QD Chemistry RS Pharmacy and materia medica Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad Ismail, Zahari Khari, N. S. Mohamad, N. N. Jamshed, Shazia Qasim Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
description	Objectives: In Malaysia dietary supplements are ram- pantly consumed for general health and well-being and therefore, available in community pharmacies, health food stores, night markets, grocery stores and even obtained via internet. However, gap in the level of Malaysian consumer’s awareness regarding the toxicity of dietary supplements is a major issue, which needs to be addressed by the analysis of their constituents. This study was aimed to evaluate and analyze the heavy metal contents such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) in registered dietary supplements available in community pharmacies in Malaysia Methods: This study was focused on Eurycoma longifolia (Tongkat Ali), glucosamine, Allium sativum (garlic) and Zingiber officinale (ginger) products. A total of twenty registered single ingredient dosage form dietary supple- ments from different brands were purchased from com- munity pharmacies located in Penang. The samples were then evaluated and subjected to analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: The study showed that variable amounts of lead have been quantified as 0.29 -0.47 ppm (Tongkat Ali), 0.19 – 0.27 ppm (glucosamine), 0.01 – 0.38 ppm (garlic) and 0.26 – 0.74 ppm (ginger) products. While for cad- mium detection, the amounts indicated 0.02 – 0.24 ppm (Tongkat Ali), 0.03 – 0.22 ppm (glucosamine), 0.06 ppm (ginger) and was absent in garlic No traces of arsenic and mercury were found in all four product samples. The regression linear coefficients (r2) for Pb, Cd, As and Hg standards were 0.9990, 0.9958, 0.9960 and 0.9989, respectively. Conclusions: The amount of Pb, Cd, As and Hg in all the products were found within the limits as per the re- quirement stated by National Pharmaceutical Control Bureau (NPCB). Thus, in order to ensure the safety and quality of dietary supplements, the analysis of heavy metals must be carried out on routine basis using simple and robust atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) technique
format	Article
author	Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad Ismail, Zahari Khari, N. S. Mohamad, N. N. Jamshed, Shazia Qasim
author_facet	Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad Ismail, Zahari Khari, N. S. Mohamad, N. N. Jamshed, Shazia Qasim
author_sort	Siddiqui, Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad
title	Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
title_short	Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
title_full	Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
title_fullStr	Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
title_sort	heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2012
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/28379/1/RSAP-2012.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:41:52Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:41:52Z
_version_	1777409419301093376

Heavy metal contents in registered dietary supplements in Malaysia: a pilot study from the drug safety perspective

Similar Items