Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections

Efficient watermarking techniques guarantee inaudibility and robustness against signal degradation. Spread spectrum watermarking technique makes it harder for unauthorized adversary to detect the position of the embedded watermark in the carrier file, because the watermark bits are spread in the car...

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Main Authors:	Abubakar, Adamu, Zeki, Akram M., Chiroma, Haruna, Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah, Sari, Eka Novita, Herawan, Tutut
Format:	Book Chapter
Language:	English
Published:	Springer International Publishing 2015
Subjects:	T Technology (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/3/Spread_-Spectrum-Audio_Fulltext.pdf

id	iium-43721
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-437212016-07-26T23:45:49Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/ Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections Abubakar, Adamu Zeki, Akram M. Chiroma, Haruna Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah Sari, Eka Novita Herawan, Tutut T Technology (General) Efficient watermarking techniques guarantee inaudibility and robustness against signal degradation. Spread spectrum watermarking technique makes it harder for unauthorized adversary to detect the position of the embedded watermark in the carrier file, because the watermark bits are spread in the carrier medium. Unfortunately, there is a high possibility that synchronization of the watermark bits and carrier bits will go out of phase. This will lead to watermark detection problem in the carrier bit sequence. In this paper, we propose a vector space projections approach on spread spectrum audio watermarking technique, in order to presents both the watermark bits and carrier bits as vectors. Similarities of watermark vector to a carrier vector are resolve by the normalized dot product of the cosine of angle between them for embedding. After embedding and extraction by the technique, signal processing methods in the form of attacks were applied. Our approach proved robust when compared with other audio watermarking techniques. This technique gives good results and was found to be robust on performance test. Springer International Publishing 2015 Book Chapter PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/3/Spread_-Spectrum-Audio_Fulltext.pdf Abubakar, Adamu and Zeki, Akram M. and Chiroma, Haruna and Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah and Sari, Eka Novita and Herawan, Tutut (2015) Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections. In: Advances in Intelligent Informatics. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 297-307. ISBN 978-3-319-11218-3 10.1007/978-3-319-11218-3_28
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	T Technology (General)
spellingShingle	T Technology (General) Abubakar, Adamu Zeki, Akram M. Chiroma, Haruna Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah Sari, Eka Novita Herawan, Tutut Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
description	Efficient watermarking techniques guarantee inaudibility and robustness against signal degradation. Spread spectrum watermarking technique makes it harder for unauthorized adversary to detect the position of the embedded watermark in the carrier file, because the watermark bits are spread in the carrier medium. Unfortunately, there is a high possibility that synchronization of the watermark bits and carrier bits will go out of phase. This will lead to watermark detection problem in the carrier bit sequence. In this paper, we propose a vector space projections approach on spread spectrum audio watermarking technique, in order to presents both the watermark bits and carrier bits as vectors. Similarities of watermark vector to a carrier vector are resolve by the normalized dot product of the cosine of angle between them for embedding. After embedding and extraction by the technique, signal processing methods in the form of attacks were applied. Our approach proved robust when compared with other audio watermarking techniques. This technique gives good results and was found to be robust on performance test.
format	Book Chapter
author	Abubakar, Adamu Zeki, Akram M. Chiroma, Haruna Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah Sari, Eka Novita Herawan, Tutut
author_facet	Abubakar, Adamu Zeki, Akram M. Chiroma, Haruna Abdullahi Muaz, Sanah Sari, Eka Novita Herawan, Tutut
author_sort	Abubakar, Adamu
title	Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
title_short	Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
title_full	Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
title_fullStr	Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
title_full_unstemmed	Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
title_sort	spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections
publisher	Springer International Publishing
publishDate	2015
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/43721/3/Spread_-Spectrum-Audio_Fulltext.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:02:14Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:02:14Z
_version_	1777410700659916800

Spread spectrum audio watermarking using vector space projections

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