Antioxidants intake and status, and oxidative stress in relation to breast cancer risks: a case-control study
A case control study was carried out to investigate associations between breast cancer risk, antioxidant status and oxidative stress among women in Klang Valley and Selangor. A total of 57 newly diagnosed cases aged 30 to 66 years old participated and were matched for age and ethnicity with 139 co...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention
2008
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/45946/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/45946/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/45946/1/c%20343%20Shahar%206.pdf |
| Summary: | A case control study was carried out to investigate associations between breast cancer risk, antioxidant
status and oxidative stress among women in Klang Valley and Selangor. A total of 57 newly diagnosed cases
aged 30 to 66 years old participated and were matched for age and ethnicity with 139 controls with no diagnosis
of cancer or other chronic diseases. An interview based questionnaire designed to collect information on
demographic and socioeconomic status, as well as reproductive, medical and dietary history was used.
Anthropometric measurements including weight, height, waist and hip circumference were made and a 10 ml
fasting venous blood sample was taken for glucose testing and analysis of plasma vitamin antioxidants and
malondialdehyde. Hair and toenail samples were taken for selenium analysis. Results showed that the mean
intake of vitamin A, vitamin E and selenium among cases (606.8±334.8µg/d, 6.1± 2.4 g/d, 56.9 ± 16.2 µg/d) was
lower than controls (724.7 ± 414 µg/day, 6.9 ± 3.0 g/d, 60.8 ± 17.5 µg/d, respectively) (p<0.05 for all parameters).
A similar trend was noted for plasma vitamin A and E and also selenium in hair and toenails. Poor antioxidant
status as indicated by low plasma vitamin A (<284.3 µg/l or <366.3 µg/l) increased risk of breast cancer by
approximately two fold, whilst low plasma vitamin E (<2.5 mg/dl, <2.8 mg/dl and <3.1 mg/dl) increased the risk
by two to three fold [Adjusted OR 2.97 (95% CI 1.38-3.48), 2.32 (95% CI 1.07-2.41) and 2.12 (95% CI 1.00-
4.21)]. Cases had a greater level of malondialdehyde 4.4 ± 1.1 mmol/g protein), an indicator of oxidative stress,
as compared to controls (3.2 ± 1.7 mmol/g protein)(p<0.05). A high level of MDA (≥4.8 mmol/g protein) was
associated with breast cancer [Adjusted OR 6.82 (95% CI 1.95-23.9)]. It is concluded that a poor antioxidant
status and high oxidative stress are associated with breast cancer risk. Thus, it is essential for Malaysian women
to obtain a good antioxidant status by consuming a diet rich in vitamins A and E as well as selenium and adopt
healthy behaviour to reduce oxidative stress in order to prevent breast cancer |
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