Optimum conditions for immobilization of fat, oil and grease (fog) by Calcium alginate
Fat oil and grease (FOG) poses a great problem when not disposed properly. FOG clogs pipes and screens, which cause overflows and stench problem. FOG entering wastewater treatment plant will require extra energy for FOG breakdown. Current wastewater pre-treatment plant system handling FOG consumes...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Conference or Workshop Item |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Kulliyah of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia
2016
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/51724/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/51724/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/51724/1/51724.pdf |
| Summary: | Fat oil and grease (FOG) poses a great problem when not disposed properly. FOG clogs pipes and screens,
which cause overflows and stench problem. FOG entering wastewater treatment plant will require extra
energy for FOG breakdown. Current wastewater pre-treatment plant system handling FOG consumes high
energy and time. This study aims to introduce a new FOG wastewater pre-treatment process by immobilizing
the FOG in a calcium alginate gel beads. Using Design-Expert software, Response surface methodology
(RSM) based on face centred central composite design (FCCCD) was used to optimize two important process
variables – pH of FOG and concentration of sodium alginate using oil entrapment efficiency (OEE) as
response parameter. The mixtures of synthetic FOG wastewater and sodium alginate were dropped in
calcium chloride solution in droplets form to produce gel beads. The optimum combination for having
highest OEE percentage at 87.27% was found to be at pH 4.7 and 10000 ppm concentration of sodium
alginate. Coating the gel beads with chitosan has improved the FOG loss during mechanical expression from
23.73 % to 12.58 % FOG loss. The gel beads were dissolved completely in phosphate buffer solution of pH 5,
8 and 9. |
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