Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia

Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia. Population-based hypertension control is extremely poor at only 6% based on the 1996 National Health and Morbidity Survey. One of the possible reasons include the availability and cost of an...

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Main Authors:	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah, Ngow, Harris Abdullah, O, Marzuki, A.M., Puteri Melor, Ab Rahman, Jamalludin, Mohamed, Sahimi, Satwi, Sapari, S, Noorfaizan, Maskon, Oteh
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Wolters Kluwer 2008
Subjects:	R Medicine (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/1/J_Hypertens_Abstracts%5B1%5D.pdf

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recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-52482016-03-10T04:04:21Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/ Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Ngow, Harris Abdullah O, Marzuki A.M., Puteri Melor Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Mohamed, Sahimi Satwi, Sapari S, Noorfaizan Maskon, Oteh R Medicine (General) Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia. Population-based hypertension control is extremely poor at only 6% based on the 1996 National Health and Morbidity Survey. One of the possible reasons include the availability and cost of antihypertensive medications. Methods: A retrospective review of the annual cost (2006) of anti-hypertensive medications was undertaken at the Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, a 600-bed major regional hospital on the east-coast of Malaysia. The total number of prescriptions given out and the total cost per drug is then factored to give the annual cost per drug per person in a percentage of the total annual expenditure. Results: The majority of patients were on either 2 (46.5%) or 3 (25.9%) anti-hypertensives. The most frequently prescribed medications were ACE-Inhibitors (33.45%), Calciumchannel blockers (29.63%), diuretics (16.67%), Beta blockers (13.64%) and Alpha blockers (2.69%). In terms of cost however, the Calcium-channel blockers constituted the greatest percentage of the annual anti-hypertensive budget (63.67%) compared to ACE-Inhibitors at just 20.04% of the annual expenditure. The most ‘cost-effective’ group of drugs are the diuretics making up 16.67% of the total annual prescriptions but only constituting 1.23% of the annual cost. Conclusion: The Calcium-channel blockers are the most ‘cost-ineffective’ medications available at our regional Hospital making up less than one third of the total annual prescriptions but making up nearly two-thirds of the annual anti-hypertensive budget. The most ‘cost-effective’ medications were diuretics, Beta-blockers and ACE-inhibitors in order of ‘cost-effectiveness’. Wolters Kluwer 2008 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/1/J_Hypertens_Abstracts%5B1%5D.pdf Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah and Ngow, Harris Abdullah and O, Marzuki and A.M., Puteri Melor and Ab Rahman, Jamalludin and Mohamed, Sahimi and Satwi, Sapari and S, Noorfaizan and Maskon, Oteh (2008) Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia. Journal of Hypertension, 26 (Supp.1). S250. ISSN 0263-6352 http://journals.lww.com/jhypertension/pages/default.aspx
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle	R Medicine (General) Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Ngow, Harris Abdullah O, Marzuki A.M., Puteri Melor Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Mohamed, Sahimi Satwi, Sapari S, Noorfaizan Maskon, Oteh Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
description	Objectives: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Malaysia. Population-based hypertension control is extremely poor at only 6% based on the 1996 National Health and Morbidity Survey. One of the possible reasons include the availability and cost of antihypertensive medications. Methods: A retrospective review of the annual cost (2006) of anti-hypertensive medications was undertaken at the Department of Pharmacy, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan, a 600-bed major regional hospital on the east-coast of Malaysia. The total number of prescriptions given out and the total cost per drug is then factored to give the annual cost per drug per person in a percentage of the total annual expenditure. Results: The majority of patients were on either 2 (46.5%) or 3 (25.9%) anti-hypertensives. The most frequently prescribed medications were ACE-Inhibitors (33.45%), Calciumchannel blockers (29.63%), diuretics (16.67%), Beta blockers (13.64%) and Alpha blockers (2.69%). In terms of cost however, the Calcium-channel blockers constituted the greatest percentage of the annual anti-hypertensive budget (63.67%) compared to ACE-Inhibitors at just 20.04% of the annual expenditure. The most ‘cost-effective’ group of drugs are the diuretics making up 16.67% of the total annual prescriptions but only constituting 1.23% of the annual cost. Conclusion: The Calcium-channel blockers are the most ‘cost-ineffective’ medications available at our regional Hospital making up less than one third of the total annual prescriptions but making up nearly two-thirds of the annual anti-hypertensive budget. The most ‘cost-effective’ medications were diuretics, Beta-blockers and ACE-inhibitors in order of ‘cost-effectiveness’.
format	Article
author	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Ngow, Harris Abdullah O, Marzuki A.M., Puteri Melor Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Mohamed, Sahimi Satwi, Sapari S, Noorfaizan Maskon, Oteh
author_facet	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah Ngow, Harris Abdullah O, Marzuki A.M., Puteri Melor Ab Rahman, Jamalludin Mohamed, Sahimi Satwi, Sapari S, Noorfaizan Maskon, Oteh
author_sort	Mohd Shah, Azarisman Shah
title	Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
title_short	Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
title_full	Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
title_fullStr	Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia
title_sort	cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural malaysia
publisher	Wolters Kluwer
publishDate	2008
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/5248/1/J_Hypertens_Abstracts%5B1%5D.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T20:13:45Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T20:13:45Z
_version_	1777407649475723264

Cost-effectiveness of anti-hypertensive medications in a regional hospital in rural Malaysia

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