The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice

Introduction: Globally, snakebite cases are estimated to be around 5 million annually affecting mainly the poorer countries like Africa and Asia, and in 2009 WHO has categorized it as a ‘neglected tropical disease’. Currently the standard treatment for snake envenomation is the anti-snake venom ther...

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Main Authors:	Ismail, Soraya, Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman, Khin, Maung Maung
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2016
Subjects:	QK Botany QR Microbiology RB Pathology RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine RZ Other systems of medicine
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/1/53269_Tamarindus%20indica%20seed%20extract%20as%20anti-snake%20venom%20in%20mice.pdf

id	iium-53269
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-532692019-10-17T06:24:48Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/ The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice Ismail, Soraya Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman Khin, Maung Maung QK Botany QR Microbiology RB Pathology RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine RZ Other systems of medicine Introduction: Globally, snakebite cases are estimated to be around 5 million annually affecting mainly the poorer countries like Africa and Asia, and in 2009 WHO has categorized it as a ‘neglected tropical disease’. Currently the standard treatment for snake envenomation is the anti-snake venom therapy, which is expensive, poor supply and species specific. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of using Tamarindus indica seed extract (TSE) to inhibit the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of snake venom of three snakes; namely Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli. Methods: Methanolic extract of TSE was used. In-vitro enzymatic inhibition study i.e phospholipase A2, proteolytic and phosphomonoesterase were studied. In-vivo acute subcutaneous (SC) toxicity of TSE in ICR mice was conducted. Study on the SC TSE inhibition of lethality was also conducted. Results: Findings from enzymatic inhibition studies showed that, TSE was able to significantly reduce (p<0.05) all three enzymatic activities. SDS-PAGE experiment showed disruption of protein bands when venom reacted with TSE. No signs of toxicity were observed over 4 weeks when mice were exposed to SC TSE 60mg/20g except for superficial skin ulcers. Histological examination of the liver, both kidneys and skin showed no changes when compared to the control group. TSE was able to increase the mice survival rate. Conclusions: The study shows that SC TSE was safe to be injected up to 60mg/20g and has the potential to delay the effects of venoms from O. hannah, N. kaouthia and D. russelli. Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia 2016-12 Book PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/1/53269_Tamarindus%20indica%20seed%20extract%20as%20anti-snake%20venom%20in%20mice.pdf Ismail, Soraya and Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman and Khin, Maung Maung (2016) The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice. Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia, p. 3. ISBN 978-967-418-726-2 http://iiumedic.net/imjm/v1/download/Volume%2015%20Supplement/MRS2016-ABSTRACT-BOOK-3.pdf
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	QK Botany QR Microbiology RB Pathology RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine RZ Other systems of medicine
spellingShingle	QK Botany QR Microbiology RB Pathology RV Botanic, Thomsonian, and eclectic medicine RZ Other systems of medicine Ismail, Soraya Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman Khin, Maung Maung The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
description	Introduction: Globally, snakebite cases are estimated to be around 5 million annually affecting mainly the poorer countries like Africa and Asia, and in 2009 WHO has categorized it as a ‘neglected tropical disease’. Currently the standard treatment for snake envenomation is the anti-snake venom therapy, which is expensive, poor supply and species specific. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of using Tamarindus indica seed extract (TSE) to inhibit the in-vitro and in-vivo effects of snake venom of three snakes; namely Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli. Methods: Methanolic extract of TSE was used. In-vitro enzymatic inhibition study i.e phospholipase A2, proteolytic and phosphomonoesterase were studied. In-vivo acute subcutaneous (SC) toxicity of TSE in ICR mice was conducted. Study on the SC TSE inhibition of lethality was also conducted. Results: Findings from enzymatic inhibition studies showed that, TSE was able to significantly reduce (p<0.05) all three enzymatic activities. SDS-PAGE experiment showed disruption of protein bands when venom reacted with TSE. No signs of toxicity were observed over 4 weeks when mice were exposed to SC TSE 60mg/20g except for superficial skin ulcers. Histological examination of the liver, both kidneys and skin showed no changes when compared to the control group. TSE was able to increase the mice survival rate. Conclusions: The study shows that SC TSE was safe to be injected up to 60mg/20g and has the potential to delay the effects of venoms from O. hannah, N. kaouthia and D. russelli.
format	Book
author	Ismail, Soraya Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman Khin, Maung Maung
author_facet	Ismail, Soraya Syed Ahmad, Pakeer Oothuman Khin, Maung Maung
author_sort	Ismail, Soraya
title	The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
title_short	The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
title_full	The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
title_fullStr	The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
title_full_unstemmed	The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice
title_sort	potential of tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against ophiophagus hannah, naja kaouthia and daboia russelli in mice
publisher	Kulliyyah (Faculty) of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/53269/1/53269_Tamarindus%20indica%20seed%20extract%20as%20anti-snake%20venom%20in%20mice.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:25Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:15:25Z
_version_	1777411529374695424

The potential of Tamarindus indica seed extract as anti-snake venom against Ophiophagus hannah, Naja kaouthia and Daboia russelli in mice

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