Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective

Introduction: Endotoxin detection and quantification in biological drugs and parenteral is a crucial step in helping us to be confident in process control (IPC) and product release decisions. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves either Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) /Tachypleus Amebocyte L...

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Main Authors:	John, Akbar, Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal, Hassan, B., Yunus, Kamaruzzaman, Mohamed, Rozihan
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	International Islamic University Malaysia 2016
Subjects:	Q Science (General) QL Zoology
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/1/64.pdf

id	iium-54487
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-544872017-12-06T05:06:41Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/ Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective John, Akbar Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Hassan, B. Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Mohamed, Rozihan Q Science (General) QL Zoology Introduction: Endotoxin detection and quantification in biological drugs and parenteral is a crucial step in helping us to be confident in process control (IPC) and product release decisions. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves either Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) /Tachypleus Amebocyte Lysate (TAL) derived from blue blood of horseshoe crabs to detect and quantify endotoxin. This in turn increases harvest pressure on wild crabs for biomedical bleeding practice which eventually leads to post bleeding mortality up to 30%. In economic perspective, the LAL/TAL industry worth more than 50 million USD annually. Methods: Numbers of methods were adopted to enhance the accuracy of endotoxin detection, including gel clot, turbidimetric and chromogenic method. Results: However, all these methods require crabs either from wild or from captive for bleeding purpose. Though, various conservative measures are being taken, the habitat degradation and anthropogenic pressures on wild crab population is still beyond control and leads to unsustainable utilization of natural stock. Conclusions: Due to an increased demand of LAL/TAL, the present review paper addresses the issues related to Eco-economical viewpoint on sustainable utilization of wild stock for future LAL/TAL industry. It also addresses pros and cons of recent advanced sensor technology in rapid and low cost detection of endotoxin. International Islamic University Malaysia 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/1/64.pdf John, Akbar and Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal and Hassan, B. and Yunus, Kamaruzzaman and Mohamed, Rozihan (2016) Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective. International Medical Journal of Malaysia, 15 (Supplement). p. 36. ISSN 1823-4631 http://iiumedic.net/imjm/v1/download/Volume%2015%20Supplement/MRS2016-ABSTRACT-BOOK-36.pdf
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Q Science (General) QL Zoology
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) QL Zoology John, Akbar Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Hassan, B. Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Mohamed, Rozihan Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
description	Introduction: Endotoxin detection and quantification in biological drugs and parenteral is a crucial step in helping us to be confident in process control (IPC) and product release decisions. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approves either Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) /Tachypleus Amebocyte Lysate (TAL) derived from blue blood of horseshoe crabs to detect and quantify endotoxin. This in turn increases harvest pressure on wild crabs for biomedical bleeding practice which eventually leads to post bleeding mortality up to 30%. In economic perspective, the LAL/TAL industry worth more than 50 million USD annually. Methods: Numbers of methods were adopted to enhance the accuracy of endotoxin detection, including gel clot, turbidimetric and chromogenic method. Results: However, all these methods require crabs either from wild or from captive for bleeding purpose. Though, various conservative measures are being taken, the habitat degradation and anthropogenic pressures on wild crab population is still beyond control and leads to unsustainable utilization of natural stock. Conclusions: Due to an increased demand of LAL/TAL, the present review paper addresses the issues related to Eco-economical viewpoint on sustainable utilization of wild stock for future LAL/TAL industry. It also addresses pros and cons of recent advanced sensor technology in rapid and low cost detection of endotoxin.
format	Article
author	John, Akbar Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Hassan, B. Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Mohamed, Rozihan
author_facet	John, Akbar Khan Chowdhury, Ahmed Jalal Hassan, B. Yunus, Kamaruzzaman Mohamed, Rozihan
author_sort	John, Akbar
title	Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
title_short	Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
title_full	Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
title_fullStr	Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
title_full_unstemmed	Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
title_sort	universal reliance on lal/tal in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective
publisher	International Islamic University Malaysia
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/54487/1/64.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:17:06Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:17:06Z
_version_	1777411635192791040

Universal reliance on LAL/TAL in bacterial endotoxin detection in drugs and parenteral – an ecological and economic perspective

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