16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets

In food industry, wide-ranging processing of sea cucumbers (Phylum Echinodermata: Class Holothuroidea) including gutting, boiling, roasting, and subsequent preservation procedures are frequently needed prior to marketing. These processes cause body deformation of the sea cucumbers, thus leading t...

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Main Authors:	Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim, Mohamed Rehan, Maryam, Mohd Noor, Hanina, Ramly, Nur Zazarina, Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) 2016
Subjects:	Q Science (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/1/2016%20JSMLU%20UPSI%20Kamarudin%20et%20al%2016S%20Sea%20Cucumber.pdf

id	iium-58238
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-582382017-09-06T03:45:55Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/ 16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim Mohamed Rehan, Maryam Mohd Noor, Hanina Ramly, Nur Zazarina Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah Q Science (General) In food industry, wide-ranging processing of sea cucumbers (Phylum Echinodermata: Class Holothuroidea) including gutting, boiling, roasting, and subsequent preservation procedures are frequently needed prior to marketing. These processes cause body deformation of the sea cucumbers, thus leading to difficulties in species identification and confirmation of the processed sea cucumbers or beche-de-mer. Furthermore, beche-de-mer products in Malaysian markets are often unlabelled or mislabelled. Economic fraud, health hazards, and illegal trade of protected species are the potential major consequences of the issues. Therefore, a reliable, reproducible, and rapid technique for species identification is required. For that reason, this study was conducted to determine species identity of 25 beche-de-mer specimens that were not tagged with species details from four selected Malaysian markets. Five reference samples were also included in the analyses consisting of fresh samples that were morphologically identified as Stichopus horrens and Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota from Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia. Phylogenetic analyses of 30 partial sequences of non-protein-coding 16S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene using five main methods i.e. Neighbour-Joining (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Minimum Evolution (ME), Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), and Maximum Parsimony (MP) showed the presence of two main clusters of the beche-demer specimens: Stichopodidae (gamat family) and Holothuriidae (timun laut family). The beche-de-mer specimens of S. horrens, Stichopus herrmanni, and Thelenota anax were the three gamat species that clustered under the family Stichopodidae. Meanwhile, the beche-de-mer specimens of H. leucospilota, Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis, Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra, and H. scabra var. versicolor were the four timun laut species that clustered under the family Holothuriidae. In fact, the outcomes of this study suggested the potential of 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene sequencing technique to be used by the enforcement agencies in monitoring and overcoming the issues of species substitution and product mislabeling of beche-de-mer products in Malaysian markets. Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI) 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/1/2016%20JSMLU%20UPSI%20Kamarudin%20et%20al%2016S%20Sea%20Cucumber.pdf Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim and Mohamed Rehan, Maryam and Mohd Noor, Hanina and Ramly, Nur Zazarina and Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah (2016) 16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets. Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters, 4 (1). pp. 10-23. ISSN 2462-2052 https://ejournal.upsi.edu.my/article/2016AR001344
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	Q Science (General)
spellingShingle	Q Science (General) Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim Mohamed Rehan, Maryam Mohd Noor, Hanina Ramly, Nur Zazarina Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah 16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
description	In food industry, wide-ranging processing of sea cucumbers (Phylum Echinodermata: Class Holothuroidea) including gutting, boiling, roasting, and subsequent preservation procedures are frequently needed prior to marketing. These processes cause body deformation of the sea cucumbers, thus leading to difficulties in species identification and confirmation of the processed sea cucumbers or beche-de-mer. Furthermore, beche-de-mer products in Malaysian markets are often unlabelled or mislabelled. Economic fraud, health hazards, and illegal trade of protected species are the potential major consequences of the issues. Therefore, a reliable, reproducible, and rapid technique for species identification is required. For that reason, this study was conducted to determine species identity of 25 beche-de-mer specimens that were not tagged with species details from four selected Malaysian markets. Five reference samples were also included in the analyses consisting of fresh samples that were morphologically identified as Stichopus horrens and Holothuria (Mertensiothuria) leucospilota from Pangkor Island, Perak, Malaysia. Phylogenetic analyses of 30 partial sequences of non-protein-coding 16S mitochondrial ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene using five main methods i.e. Neighbour-Joining (NJ), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Minimum Evolution (ME), Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), and Maximum Parsimony (MP) showed the presence of two main clusters of the beche-demer specimens: Stichopodidae (gamat family) and Holothuriidae (timun laut family). The beche-de-mer specimens of S. horrens, Stichopus herrmanni, and Thelenota anax were the three gamat species that clustered under the family Stichopodidae. Meanwhile, the beche-de-mer specimens of H. leucospilota, Holothuria (Halodeima) edulis, Holothuria (Metriatyla) scabra, and H. scabra var. versicolor were the four timun laut species that clustered under the family Holothuriidae. In fact, the outcomes of this study suggested the potential of 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene sequencing technique to be used by the enforcement agencies in monitoring and overcoming the issues of species substitution and product mislabeling of beche-de-mer products in Malaysian markets.
format	Article
author	Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim Mohamed Rehan, Maryam Mohd Noor, Hanina Ramly, Nur Zazarina Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah
author_facet	Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim Mohamed Rehan, Maryam Mohd Noor, Hanina Ramly, Nur Zazarina Mohamed Rehan, Aisyah
author_sort	Kamarudin, Kamarul Rahim
title	16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
title_short	16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
title_full	16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
title_fullStr	16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
title_full_unstemmed	16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets
title_sort	16s rrna barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected malaysian markets
publisher	Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI)
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/58238/1/2016%20JSMLU%20UPSI%20Kamarudin%20et%20al%2016S%20Sea%20Cucumber.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:22:20Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:22:20Z
_version_	1777411964538978304

16S rRNA barcoding technique for species identification of processed sea cucumbers from selected Malaysian markets

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