Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia

Background: Leptospirosis is one of the zoonotic diseases which pose major public health issues worldwide. The spread of leptospirosis depends on the climate conditions as well as environmental conditions. Methods: The cases of leptospirosis were determined by using database obtained from Minist...

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Main Authors:	Kadir@Shahar, Hayati, Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah, Md Said, Salmiah, Mohammad Aidid, Edre, Khin, Thi Dar
Format:	Article
Language:	English English
Published:	Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2018
Subjects:	RA643 Public Health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine - Communicable Diseases and Public Health
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/1/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/2/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis_SCOPUS.pdf

id	iium-66620
recordtype	eprints
spelling	iium-666202018-12-18T08:44:28Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/ Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia Kadir@Shahar, Hayati Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Md Said, Salmiah Mohammad Aidid, Edre Khin, Thi Dar RA643 Public Health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine - Communicable Diseases and Public Health Background: Leptospirosis is one of the zoonotic diseases which pose major public health issues worldwide. The spread of leptospirosis depends on the climate conditions as well as environmental conditions. Methods: The cases of leptospirosis were determined by using database obtained from Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Case cluster and hot spot analysis within Geographical Information System (GIS) were done using ArcGIS version 9.3. Level of significance was set at alpha= 0.05. Results: Most of the cases were at the centre Pahang located along the flood hazard stream. Cluster analysis indicated that cases were mostly clustered near illegal and legal dumping sites. The outliers were Jerantut, Maran, Pekan, and Rompin in both maps (p<0.05). The hot spot analysis obtained an obvious trend in the legal dumping compared to the illegal dumping. The hot spot area was found in the middle of Pahang such as in Jerantut, Temerloh, Maran, Pekan, and Rompin. Conclusions Increasing flood risk, poor sanitation and abundance of rats are conditions that trigger leptospirosis outbreaks. Interventions are therefore needed, targeting at environmental sources of transmission namely open legal and illegal dumping sites as well as flooding in flood hazard areas. A refined waste management system is needed to control the spread of the disease. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2018 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/1/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/2/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis_SCOPUS.pdf Kadir@Shahar, Hayati and Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah and Md Said, Salmiah and Mohammad Aidid, Edre and Khin, Thi Dar (2018) Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6 (Special issue). pp. 78-82. ISSN 2307-8553 https://www.asianjab.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/12.Hot-spot.pdf
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English
topic	RA643 Public Health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine - Communicable Diseases and Public Health
spellingShingle	RA643 Public Health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine - Communicable Diseases and Public Health Kadir@Shahar, Hayati Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Md Said, Salmiah Mohammad Aidid, Edre Khin, Thi Dar Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
description	Background: Leptospirosis is one of the zoonotic diseases which pose major public health issues worldwide. The spread of leptospirosis depends on the climate conditions as well as environmental conditions. Methods: The cases of leptospirosis were determined by using database obtained from Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Case cluster and hot spot analysis within Geographical Information System (GIS) were done using ArcGIS version 9.3. Level of significance was set at alpha= 0.05. Results: Most of the cases were at the centre Pahang located along the flood hazard stream. Cluster analysis indicated that cases were mostly clustered near illegal and legal dumping sites. The outliers were Jerantut, Maran, Pekan, and Rompin in both maps (p<0.05). The hot spot analysis obtained an obvious trend in the legal dumping compared to the illegal dumping. The hot spot area was found in the middle of Pahang such as in Jerantut, Temerloh, Maran, Pekan, and Rompin. Conclusions Increasing flood risk, poor sanitation and abundance of rats are conditions that trigger leptospirosis outbreaks. Interventions are therefore needed, targeting at environmental sources of transmission namely open legal and illegal dumping sites as well as flooding in flood hazard areas. A refined waste management system is needed to control the spread of the disease.
format	Article
author	Kadir@Shahar, Hayati Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Md Said, Salmiah Mohammad Aidid, Edre Khin, Thi Dar
author_facet	Kadir@Shahar, Hayati Syed Ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Md Said, Salmiah Mohammad Aidid, Edre Khin, Thi Dar
author_sort	Kadir@Shahar, Hayati
title	Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
title_short	Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
title_full	Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
title_fullStr	Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
title_full_unstemmed	Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia
title_sort	hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in pahang, malaysia
publisher	Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology
publishDate	2018
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/1/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66620/2/66620_Hot-spot%20and%20cluster%20analysis_SCOPUS.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:34:37Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:34:37Z
_version_	1777412737243021312

Hot-spot and cluster analysis on legal and illegal dumping sites as the contributors of leptospirosis in a flood hazard area in Pahang, Malaysia

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