Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study

Background: Current studies on electronic cigarettes (ECs) have assessed the smoking cessation effectiveness and safety of EC among sole EC users. However, in Malaysia and elsewhere, most EC users also smoke conventional cigarettes (CCs). We aimed to investigate nicotine cessation for both ECs and...

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Main Authors:	Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed, M. Rahman, Azizur, Jamshed, Shazia Qasim, Mahmood, Syed F.
Format:	Article
Language:	English English English
Published:	Springer Nature 2018
Subjects:	RC Internal medicine
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/1/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_article.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/2/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/13/66768%20Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic%20cigarettes%20among%20sole%20and%20dual%20user%20vapers%20in%20Kuantan%20and%20Pekan%2C%20Malaysia_WOS.pdf

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spelling	iium-667682019-01-24T03:18:27Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed M. Rahman, Azizur Jamshed, Shazia Qasim Mahmood, Syed F. RC Internal medicine Background: Current studies on electronic cigarettes (ECs) have assessed the smoking cessation effectiveness and safety of EC among sole EC users. However, in Malaysia and elsewhere, most EC users also smoke conventional cigarettes (CCs). We aimed to investigate nicotine cessation for both ECs and CCs. Additionally, safety issues among sole EC and dual (EC and CC) users over a six-month period were reported. Methods: We observed 218 sole Malaysian EC and dual users over 6 months from June 2015 to November 2015. Both groups underwent exhaled breath carbon monoxide and saliva cotinine analyses to verify their nicotine cessation from both EC and CC use. Adverse events and withdrawal symptoms were assessed based on self-reports. Results: Only 3.3% of observed users quit both ECs and CCs, whereas 20.5% quit smoking CCs. Quitting ECs and CCs was significantly higher among sole EC users (5 vs 2, respectively; OR: 5.62; P = 0.036) than it was among dual users, a result that was similar for CCs smoking (29 vs. 15; OR: 6.33; P ≤ 0.001). No severe health issues were reported over the entire study period. Conclusion: The rates of quitting CCs and ECs were higher in sole EC users than those in dual users. No serious health effects were reported over 6 months in either group. ECs may serve as a smoking cessation aid in Malaysia, but appropriate regulations are necessary to encourage sole EC use to ensure product quality. Large randomised clinical trials (RCTs) with a longer follow-up are required to better measure the effectiveness and safety of ECs use alone and in combination with CCs Springer Nature 2018-08-20 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/1/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_article.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/2/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_scopus.pdf application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/13/66768%20Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic%20cigarettes%20among%20sole%20and%20dual%20user%20vapers%20in%20Kuantan%20and%20Pekan%2C%20Malaysia_WOS.pdf Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed and M. Rahman, Azizur and Jamshed, Shazia Qasim and Mahmood, Syed F. (2018) Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study. BMC Public Health, 18 (1). pp. 1-10. ISSN 1471-2458 https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12889-018-5951-2 10.1186/s12889-018-5951-2
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English English English
topic	RC Internal medicine
spellingShingle	RC Internal medicine Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed M. Rahman, Azizur Jamshed, Shazia Qasim Mahmood, Syed F. Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
description	Background: Current studies on electronic cigarettes (ECs) have assessed the smoking cessation effectiveness and safety of EC among sole EC users. However, in Malaysia and elsewhere, most EC users also smoke conventional cigarettes (CCs). We aimed to investigate nicotine cessation for both ECs and CCs. Additionally, safety issues among sole EC and dual (EC and CC) users over a six-month period were reported. Methods: We observed 218 sole Malaysian EC and dual users over 6 months from June 2015 to November 2015. Both groups underwent exhaled breath carbon monoxide and saliva cotinine analyses to verify their nicotine cessation from both EC and CC use. Adverse events and withdrawal symptoms were assessed based on self-reports. Results: Only 3.3% of observed users quit both ECs and CCs, whereas 20.5% quit smoking CCs. Quitting ECs and CCs was significantly higher among sole EC users (5 vs 2, respectively; OR: 5.62; P = 0.036) than it was among dual users, a result that was similar for CCs smoking (29 vs. 15; OR: 6.33; P ≤ 0.001). No severe health issues were reported over the entire study period. Conclusion: The rates of quitting CCs and ECs were higher in sole EC users than those in dual users. No serious health effects were reported over 6 months in either group. ECs may serve as a smoking cessation aid in Malaysia, but appropriate regulations are necessary to encourage sole EC use to ensure product quality. Large randomised clinical trials (RCTs) with a longer follow-up are required to better measure the effectiveness and safety of ECs use alone and in combination with CCs
format	Article
author	Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed M. Rahman, Azizur Jamshed, Shazia Qasim Mahmood, Syed F.
author_facet	Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed M. Rahman, Azizur Jamshed, Shazia Qasim Mahmood, Syed F.
author_sort	Nik Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Bin Mohamed
title	Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
title_short	Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
title_full	Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
title_fullStr	Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
title_full_unstemmed	Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study
title_sort	effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in kuantan and pekan, malaysia: a six-month observational study
publisher	Springer Nature
publishDate	2018
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/1/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_article.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/2/66768_Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic_scopus.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/66768/13/66768%20Effectiveness%20and%20safety%20of%20electronic%20cigarettes%20among%20sole%20and%20dual%20user%20vapers%20in%20Kuantan%20and%20Pekan%2C%20Malaysia_WOS.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:34:50Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:34:50Z
_version_	1777412751266676736

Effectiveness and safety of electronic cigarettes among sole and dual user vapers in Kuantan and Pekan, Malaysia: a six-month observational study

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