Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol

Introduction: Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection of human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains however, complicate the treatment regime. Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from the Piper betel leaf that...

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Main Authors:	P.M, Ridzuan, Mohamad, Nasir, Ismail, Salwani, A. Rahman, Nor Iza, Khalili R, Mohd Adzim, Hamzah, Hairul Aini, Buyong, Zunariah, Mohd Hassan, Norazian, Roesnitac, Baharudin
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	2016
Subjects:	R Medicine (General)
Online Access:	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/1/Proceeding%20IMJM%20Vol%2015%20Supp.%20pp%2047%20Determination%20of%20ultra-morphological%20changes%20of%20Trichophyton%20rubrum%20treated%20with%20hydroxychavicol%20.pdf

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spelling	iium-682392019-01-24T11:16:49Z http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/ Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol P.M, Ridzuan Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Salwani A. Rahman, Nor Iza Khalili R, Mohd Adzim Hamzah, Hairul Aini Buyong, Zunariah Mohd Hassan, Norazian Roesnitac, Baharudin R Medicine (General) Introduction: Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection of human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains however, complicate the treatment regime. Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from the Piper betel leaf that have antifungal potential and its mechanism of action has yet to be studied. This study was carried out to determine the antifungal properties of HC against Trichophyton rubrum using transmission electron microscope (TEM) on gross and ultrastructure of Trichophyton rubrum hypha. Methods: Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of HC and miconazole (MI) against the Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188). Trichophyton rubrum was treated with HC and MI at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days continuously. Results: The MIC results of the HC and MI against Trichophyton rubrum were 0.00048 mg/mL and 0.000061 mg/mL respectively. MFC results showed 0.0019 mg/mL for HC and 0.000061 mg/mL for MI. Microscopically, the fungi structures became more severely damaged at increasing treatment duration. The cell wall of the fungi treated with HC showed a rough surface, shrinkage and demolition similar to that of the MI treated group. The fungi organelles were also demolished and disorganized. Conclusions: This study reveals that HC has the ability to inhibit Trichophyton rubrum growth and it has the potential to be an antifungal agent especially in treating dermatitis. KEYWORDS: Piper betel, Trichophyton rubrum, hydroxychavicol, miconazole, antifungal 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/1/Proceeding%20IMJM%20Vol%2015%20Supp.%20pp%2047%20Determination%20of%20ultra-morphological%20changes%20of%20Trichophyton%20rubrum%20treated%20with%20hydroxychavicol%20.pdf P.M, Ridzuan and Mohamad, Nasir and Ismail, Salwani and A. Rahman, Nor Iza and Khalili R, Mohd Adzim and Hamzah, Hairul Aini and Buyong, Zunariah and Mohd Hassan, Norazian and Roesnitac, Baharudin (2016) Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol. The International Medical Journal Malaysia. ISSN 1823-4631
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Local University
institution	International Islamic University Malaysia
building	IIUM Repository
collection	Online Access
language	English
topic	R Medicine (General)
spellingShingle	R Medicine (General) P.M, Ridzuan Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Salwani A. Rahman, Nor Iza Khalili R, Mohd Adzim Hamzah, Hairul Aini Buyong, Zunariah Mohd Hassan, Norazian Roesnitac, Baharudin Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
description	Introduction: Trichophyton rubrum is a common pathogenic fungal species that is responsible for causing infection of human skin, hair and nail. The antifungal-resistant strains however, complicate the treatment regime. Hydroxychavicol (HC) is one of the main compounds from the Piper betel leaf that have antifungal potential and its mechanism of action has yet to be studied. This study was carried out to determine the antifungal properties of HC against Trichophyton rubrum using transmission electron microscope (TEM) on gross and ultrastructure of Trichophyton rubrum hypha. Methods: Broth dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of HC and miconazole (MI) against the Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 28188). Trichophyton rubrum was treated with HC and MI at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg/mL for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days continuously. Results: The MIC results of the HC and MI against Trichophyton rubrum were 0.00048 mg/mL and 0.000061 mg/mL respectively. MFC results showed 0.0019 mg/mL for HC and 0.000061 mg/mL for MI. Microscopically, the fungi structures became more severely damaged at increasing treatment duration. The cell wall of the fungi treated with HC showed a rough surface, shrinkage and demolition similar to that of the MI treated group. The fungi organelles were also demolished and disorganized. Conclusions: This study reveals that HC has the ability to inhibit Trichophyton rubrum growth and it has the potential to be an antifungal agent especially in treating dermatitis. KEYWORDS: Piper betel, Trichophyton rubrum, hydroxychavicol, miconazole, antifungal
format	Article
author	P.M, Ridzuan Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Salwani A. Rahman, Nor Iza Khalili R, Mohd Adzim Hamzah, Hairul Aini Buyong, Zunariah Mohd Hassan, Norazian Roesnitac, Baharudin
author_facet	P.M, Ridzuan Mohamad, Nasir Ismail, Salwani A. Rahman, Nor Iza Khalili R, Mohd Adzim Hamzah, Hairul Aini Buyong, Zunariah Mohd Hassan, Norazian Roesnitac, Baharudin
author_sort	P.M, Ridzuan
title	Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
title_short	Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
title_full	Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
title_fullStr	Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
title_full_unstemmed	Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
title_sort	determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol
publishDate	2016
url	http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/68239/1/Proceeding%20IMJM%20Vol%2015%20Supp.%20pp%2047%20Determination%20of%20ultra-morphological%20changes%20of%20Trichophyton%20rubrum%20treated%20with%20hydroxychavicol%20.pdf
first_indexed	2023-09-18T21:36:51Z
last_indexed	2023-09-18T21:36:51Z
_version_	1777412878123401216

Determination of ultra-morphological changes of trichophyton rubrum treated with hydroxychavicol

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