Hydrodistillation and soxhlet extraction of agarwood leaf extract from Aquilaria malaccensis
Agarwood (A. malaccensis) is a valuable tree; highly sought after the resin and its essential oil. It also possesses bioactive compounds that are beneficial for health. However, less is focused on the agarwood leaf despite the recorded use in traditional medicine. As such, this present work focuse...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia ( UTM )
2019
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/77203/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/77203/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/77203/1/Paper_Hashim%20et%20al%202019%20%28MJFAS%29.pdf http://irep.iium.edu.my/77203/7/77203_Hydrodistillation%20and%20Soxhlet%20extraction_wos.pdf |
| Summary: | Agarwood (A. malaccensis) is a valuable tree; highly sought after the resin and its essential oil. It
also possesses bioactive compounds that are beneficial for health. However, less is focused on the
agarwood leaf despite the recorded use in traditional medicine. As such, this present work focused
on the screening of operational parameters of hydrodistillation and Soxhlet extraction of agarwood
leaf extract (ALEX) with subsequent phytochemical and gas chromatography mass spectrometry
(GCMS) analyses. Hydrodistillation failed to obtain any essential oil. Therefore, only soxhlet
extraction was further studied based on Plackett-Burman design generated using design expert
software, version 6. The parameters studied were solvent type and volume, time, leaf type and
particle size. Based on the ALEX yield obtained, solvent type was found to be the most significant
parameters followed by solvent volume, particle size and time. Meanwhile leaf type was found to be
the least influential parameter. Ethanol gave higher yield as compared to hexane. Run 2 gave the
highest ALEX yield (121.34 ± 31.6 mg/g) and Run 4 gave the lowest yield (20.38 ± 4.1 mg/g). Based
on phytochemical analysis, ALEX possess phenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin and steroid
compounds . GCMS analysis has identified a total of 50 compounds from ALEX in 12 experiments.
Hexadecanoic acid was found to be the major compound in run 2 (highest yield) and phytol was
found to be the major compound in run 4 (lowest yield). To this end, ALEX was succesfully obtained
through Soxhlet extraction and the significant parameters can be further studied to achive optimal
yield. |
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