Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries
Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment through increased emissions of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants. Energy subsidies also create distortive price signals and result in higher...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC: World Bank
2012
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16928994/implementing-energy-subsidy-reforms-evidence-developing-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11965 |
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okr-10986-11965 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
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AIR CONDITIONING ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE APPROACH AVAILABILITY BALANCE BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY BUILDING CODES CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON FINANCE CARBON FINANCE OPERATIONS CARBON FINANCING CERTIFICATION CENTER CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTION CLEAN ENERGY CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION COAL COGENERATION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT COMMITMENT TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY COOLING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC GROWTH EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTIONS END USE END USER END USERS END USES END-USE END-USE CONSUMPTION ENERGY AUDIT ENERGY AUDITING ENERGY AUDITS ENERGY BILL ENERGY BILLS ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSERVATION PRODUCTS ENERGY CONSUMERS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY COST SAVINGS ENERGY COSTS ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY FINANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY MARKET ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT ENERGY NEEDS ENERGY OUTLOOK ENERGY OUTSOURCING ENERGY PERFORMANCE ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING ENERGY PRICES ENERGY PRICING ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY REDUCTION ENERGY RESEARCH ENERGY SAVINGS ENERGY SAVINGS PERFORMANCE ENERGY SAVINGS PROJECTS ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICE ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY ENERGY SERVICE PROVIDERS ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SUPPLIERS ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY SYSTEMS ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ESP FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL RETURNS FINANCIAL SERVICES FOSSIL FOSSIL FUELS FREE ENERGY FUEL GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH IN ENERGY DEMAND HEAT HEAT RECOVERY IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCOME INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY JOBS LIGHTING LOAD MANAGEMENT LOWER COSTS MARKET FOR ENERGY MARKET FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY METHANE MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL COMPANY OIL EQUIVALENT OIL PRICES PENALTIES PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PIPELINE POLLUTION PORTFOLIO POWER POWER GENERATION PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY ENERGY PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY QUALITY ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGIES RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT RISK MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TONS OF CARBON TOTAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSACTIONS COSTS TYPES OF ENERGY UTILITIES UTILITY BILLS UTILITY DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT VEHICLES VENTILATION WASTE WASTE RECYCLING WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORLD ENERGY WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK |
| spellingShingle |
AIR CONDITIONING ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE APPROACH AVAILABILITY BALANCE BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY BUILDING CODES CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON FINANCE CARBON FINANCE OPERATIONS CARBON FINANCING CERTIFICATION CENTER CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTION CLEAN ENERGY CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION COAL COGENERATION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT COMMITMENT TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY COOLING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC GROWTH EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTIONS END USE END USER END USERS END USES END-USE END-USE CONSUMPTION ENERGY AUDIT ENERGY AUDITING ENERGY AUDITS ENERGY BILL ENERGY BILLS ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSERVATION PRODUCTS ENERGY CONSUMERS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY COST SAVINGS ENERGY COSTS ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY FINANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY MARKET ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT ENERGY NEEDS ENERGY OUTLOOK ENERGY OUTSOURCING ENERGY PERFORMANCE ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING ENERGY PRICES ENERGY PRICING ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY REDUCTION ENERGY RESEARCH ENERGY SAVINGS ENERGY SAVINGS PERFORMANCE ENERGY SAVINGS PROJECTS ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICE ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY ENERGY SERVICE PROVIDERS ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SUPPLIERS ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY SYSTEMS ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ESP FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL RETURNS FINANCIAL SERVICES FOSSIL FOSSIL FUELS FREE ENERGY FUEL GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH IN ENERGY DEMAND HEAT HEAT RECOVERY IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCOME INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY JOBS LIGHTING LOAD MANAGEMENT LOWER COSTS MARKET FOR ENERGY MARKET FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY METHANE MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL COMPANY OIL EQUIVALENT OIL PRICES PENALTIES PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PIPELINE POLLUTION PORTFOLIO POWER POWER GENERATION PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY ENERGY PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY QUALITY ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGIES RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT RISK MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TONS OF CARBON TOTAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSACTIONS COSTS TYPES OF ENERGY UTILITIES UTILITY BILLS UTILITY DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT VEHICLES VENTILATION WASTE WASTE RECYCLING WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORLD ENERGY WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK Vagliasindi, Maria Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| relation |
Directions in development;energy and mining |
| description |
Poorly implemented energy subsidies are
economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment
through increased emissions of greenhouse gases and other
air pollutants. Energy subsidies also create distortive
price signals and result in higher energy consumption or
production as well as barriers to entry for cleaner energy
services. Subsidies to consumption, by lowering end-use
prices, can encourage increased energy use and reduce
incentives to conserve energy efficiently. Universal
energy-price subsidies tend to be regressive because
benefits are conditional upon the purchase of subsidized
goods and increase with expenditure. This report selected a
representative sample of case studies in 20 developing
countries, based on a number of criteria, including the
countries' level of development (and consumption) and
energy dependency (distinguishing between net energy
exporters and importers). The case studies have been
selected on the hypothesis that energy dependence and per
capita income appear to be the key drivers of subsidy
reforms in developing countries. Of the two criteria, energy
dependence is expected to be the most powerful determinant
of the choice to engage in energy reforms, whereas the level
of per capita income may pose different challenges in
relation to the distributional impact of such reforms on the
poor. Energy net importers are expected to have more
incentives to undertake energy subsidy reforms when the
fiscal burden of such subsidies reaches a significant
percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), particularly
when there are already macro unbalances related to high
thresholds of public budget and debt. Low- and middle-income
countries are expected to display a larger impact of energy
subsidy reforms on consumption. This impact reflects the
opportunities to influence future behavior rather than
current consumption trends because of inertia, vested
interests, and the presence of affordability issues. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Vagliasindi, Maria |
| author_facet |
Vagliasindi, Maria |
| author_sort |
Vagliasindi, Maria |
| title |
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| title_short |
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| title_full |
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| title_fullStr |
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries |
| title_sort |
implementing energy subsidy reforms : evidence from developing countries |
| publisher |
Washington, DC: World Bank |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16928994/implementing-energy-subsidy-reforms-evidence-developing-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11965 |
| _version_ |
1764418363515207680 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-119652021-04-23T14:02:58Z Implementing Energy Subsidy Reforms : Evidence from Developing Countries Vagliasindi, Maria AIR CONDITIONING ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE APPROACH AVAILABILITY BALANCE BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY BUILDING CODES CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON FINANCE CARBON FINANCE OPERATIONS CARBON FINANCING CERTIFICATION CENTER CERTIFIED EMISSION REDUCTION CLEAN ENERGY CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION COAL COGENERATION COMMERCIAL ENERGY COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT COMMITMENT TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY COOLING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ECONOMIC GROWTH EFFICIENCY GAINS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS EFFICIENCY POTENTIAL EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC POWER ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTIONS END USE END USER END USERS END USES END-USE END-USE CONSUMPTION ENERGY AUDIT ENERGY AUDITING ENERGY AUDITS ENERGY BILL ENERGY BILLS ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY CONSERVATION PRODUCTS ENERGY CONSUMERS ENERGY CONSUMPTION ENERGY COST SAVINGS ENERGY COSTS ENERGY CRISIS ENERGY DEMAND ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY FINANCE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY INVESTMENTS ENERGY EFFICIENCY MARKET ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ENERGY EFFICIENCY PROGRAMS ENERGY EFFICIENT EQUIPMENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT ENERGY NEEDS ENERGY OUTLOOK ENERGY OUTSOURCING ENERGY PERFORMANCE ENERGY PERFORMANCE CONTRACTING ENERGY PRICES ENERGY PRICING ENERGY PRODUCTION ENERGY REDUCTION ENERGY RESEARCH ENERGY SAVINGS ENERGY SAVINGS PERFORMANCE ENERGY SAVINGS PROJECTS ENERGY SECURITY ENERGY SERVICE ENERGY SERVICE COMPANIES ENERGY SERVICE COMPANY ENERGY SERVICE PROVIDERS ENERGY SERVICES ENERGY SUPPLIERS ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY SYSTEMS ENERGY USE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ESP FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL RETURNS FINANCIAL SERVICES FOSSIL FOSSIL FUELS FREE ENERGY FUEL GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH IN ENERGY DEMAND HEAT HEAT RECOVERY IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY INCOME INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY EFFICIENCY JOBS LIGHTING LOAD MANAGEMENT LOWER COSTS MARKET FOR ENERGY MARKET FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY METHANE MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL COMPANY OIL EQUIVALENT OIL PRICES PENALTIES PERFORMANCE STANDARDS PIPELINE POLLUTION PORTFOLIO POWER POWER GENERATION PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY ENERGY PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROMOTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY QUALITY ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGIES RENEWABLE ENERGY RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT RISK MANAGEMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TONS OF CARBON TOTAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSACTIONS COSTS TYPES OF ENERGY UTILITIES UTILITY BILLS UTILITY DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT VEHICLES VENTILATION WASTE WASTE RECYCLING WASTEWATER TREATMENT WORLD ENERGY WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment through increased emissions of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants. Energy subsidies also create distortive price signals and result in higher energy consumption or production as well as barriers to entry for cleaner energy services. Subsidies to consumption, by lowering end-use prices, can encourage increased energy use and reduce incentives to conserve energy efficiently. Universal energy-price subsidies tend to be regressive because benefits are conditional upon the purchase of subsidized goods and increase with expenditure. This report selected a representative sample of case studies in 20 developing countries, based on a number of criteria, including the countries' level of development (and consumption) and energy dependency (distinguishing between net energy exporters and importers). The case studies have been selected on the hypothesis that energy dependence and per capita income appear to be the key drivers of subsidy reforms in developing countries. Of the two criteria, energy dependence is expected to be the most powerful determinant of the choice to engage in energy reforms, whereas the level of per capita income may pose different challenges in relation to the distributional impact of such reforms on the poor. Energy net importers are expected to have more incentives to undertake energy subsidy reforms when the fiscal burden of such subsidies reaches a significant percentage of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), particularly when there are already macro unbalances related to high thresholds of public budget and debt. Low- and middle-income countries are expected to display a larger impact of energy subsidy reforms on consumption. This impact reflects the opportunities to influence future behavior rather than current consumption trends because of inertia, vested interests, and the presence of affordability issues. 2012-12-11T21:11:53Z 2012-12-11T21:11:53Z 2013 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16928994/implementing-energy-subsidy-reforms-evidence-developing-countries 978-0-8213-9561-5 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/11965 English en_US Directions in development;energy and mining CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication |