Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector

This review provides a discussion of challenges faced by Romania as a results of reforms, policy changes, growth in enrollment, among others, and provides policy options on how to tackle them. The review focuses on the higher education sector as a...

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Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Education Sector Review
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	ACADEMIC AUTONOMY ACADEMIC COMMUNITY ACADEMIC LEARNING ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS ACADEMIC STAFF ACADEMIC YEAR ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION ACCREDITATION ACTIVE PARTICIPATION AGE COHORT AGE GROUP ASSESSMENT TOOLS AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES BASIC SKILLS BRAIN DRAIN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CIVIL SOCIETY COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT COMPETENCIES DEMAND FOR GRADUATES DIPLOMAS DISCIPLINES DISTANCE LEARNING DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMS DISTANCE-LEARNING DOCTORAL DEGREES DOCTORAL STUDENTS DROP OUT RATES EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELEMENTS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATIO EQUITABLE ACCESS ETHICS EXAM EXAMS EXPANDED ACCESS EXPENDITURES FEE-PAYING STUDENTS FIELDS OF STUDY FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN STUDY FORMAL EDUCATION FULL ACCREDITATION GRADUATION RATES GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HARD SCIENCES HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCE HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS JOB SATISFACTION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER EDUCATIONAL LEVELS LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER SECONDARY LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OCCUPATIONS PAMPHLETS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ANALYSIS POOR PERFORMANCE POTENTIAL BENEFITS PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFICIENCY PUBLIC FUNDS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN READING RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH LITERATURE RESEARCH OUTPUT RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCHERS RURAL AREAS RURAL STUDENTS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL LEAVERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY GRADUATES SECONDARY SCHOOLS SKILLED WORKFORCE SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCES SPORTS STANDARDIZED TESTS STATE UNIVERSITIES STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN AGENCY STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN SCHEME STUDENT LOANS STUDENT MOBILITY STUDENT PREPARATION STUDY SKILLS TEACHER TEACHING TEACHING SKILLS TEACHING STAFF TEACHING UNIVERSITIES TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY GRADUATES TERTIARY LEVEL TERTIARY SECTOR TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY UNIVERSITY DEGREES UNIVERSITY LEVEL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS UNIVERSITY RECTORS UPPER SECONDARY UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS YOUTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/05/17056917/romania-functional-review-higher-education-sector http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12295

id	okr-10986-12295
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACADEMIC AUTONOMY ACADEMIC COMMUNITY ACADEMIC LEARNING ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS ACADEMIC STAFF ACADEMIC YEAR ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION ACCREDITATION ACTIVE PARTICIPATION AGE COHORT AGE GROUP ASSESSMENT TOOLS AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES BASIC SKILLS BRAIN DRAIN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CIVIL SOCIETY COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT COMPETENCIES DEMAND FOR GRADUATES DIPLOMAS DISCIPLINES DISTANCE LEARNING DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMS DISTANCE-LEARNING DOCTORAL DEGREES DOCTORAL STUDENTS DROP OUT RATES EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELEMENTS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATIO EQUITABLE ACCESS ETHICS EXAM EXAMS EXPANDED ACCESS EXPENDITURES FEE-PAYING STUDENTS FIELDS OF STUDY FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN STUDY FORMAL EDUCATION FULL ACCREDITATION GRADUATION RATES GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HARD SCIENCES HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCE HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS JOB SATISFACTION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER EDUCATIONAL LEVELS LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER SECONDARY LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OCCUPATIONS PAMPHLETS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ANALYSIS POOR PERFORMANCE POTENTIAL BENEFITS PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFICIENCY PUBLIC FUNDS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN READING RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH LITERATURE RESEARCH OUTPUT RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCHERS RURAL AREAS RURAL STUDENTS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL LEAVERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY GRADUATES SECONDARY SCHOOLS SKILLED WORKFORCE SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCES SPORTS STANDARDIZED TESTS STATE UNIVERSITIES STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN AGENCY STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN SCHEME STUDENT LOANS STUDENT MOBILITY STUDENT PREPARATION STUDY SKILLS TEACHER TEACHING TEACHING SKILLS TEACHING STAFF TEACHING UNIVERSITIES TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY GRADUATES TERTIARY LEVEL TERTIARY SECTOR TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY UNIVERSITY DEGREES UNIVERSITY LEVEL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS UNIVERSITY RECTORS UPPER SECONDARY UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS YOUTH
spellingShingle	ACADEMIC AUTONOMY ACADEMIC COMMUNITY ACADEMIC LEARNING ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS ACADEMIC STAFF ACADEMIC YEAR ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION ACCREDITATION ACTIVE PARTICIPATION AGE COHORT AGE GROUP ASSESSMENT TOOLS AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES BASIC SKILLS BRAIN DRAIN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CIVIL SOCIETY COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT COMPETENCIES DEMAND FOR GRADUATES DIPLOMAS DISCIPLINES DISTANCE LEARNING DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMS DISTANCE-LEARNING DOCTORAL DEGREES DOCTORAL STUDENTS DROP OUT RATES EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELEMENTS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATIO EQUITABLE ACCESS ETHICS EXAM EXAMS EXPANDED ACCESS EXPENDITURES FEE-PAYING STUDENTS FIELDS OF STUDY FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN STUDY FORMAL EDUCATION FULL ACCREDITATION GRADUATION RATES GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HARD SCIENCES HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCE HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS JOB SATISFACTION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER EDUCATIONAL LEVELS LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER SECONDARY LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OCCUPATIONS PAMPHLETS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ANALYSIS POOR PERFORMANCE POTENTIAL BENEFITS PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFICIENCY PUBLIC FUNDS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN READING RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH LITERATURE RESEARCH OUTPUT RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCHERS RURAL AREAS RURAL STUDENTS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL LEAVERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY GRADUATES SECONDARY SCHOOLS SKILLED WORKFORCE SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCES SPORTS STANDARDIZED TESTS STATE UNIVERSITIES STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN AGENCY STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN SCHEME STUDENT LOANS STUDENT MOBILITY STUDENT PREPARATION STUDY SKILLS TEACHER TEACHING TEACHING SKILLS TEACHING STAFF TEACHING UNIVERSITIES TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY GRADUATES TERTIARY LEVEL TERTIARY SECTOR TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY UNIVERSITY DEGREES UNIVERSITY LEVEL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS UNIVERSITY RECTORS UPPER SECONDARY UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS YOUTH World Bank Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Romania
description	This review provides a discussion of challenges faced by Romania as a results of reforms, policy changes, growth in enrollment, among others, and provides policy options on how to tackle them. The review focuses on the higher education sector as a whole and how it is managed as a system by the Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sport (MERYS). The team assessed how the system is structured, led and managed by MERYS and not how each and every university is structured, led and managed internally. Some internal issues that confront higher education institutions were, however, reviewed since they are common to so many institutions that, by reason of commonality, they deserve to be addressed so that the Ministry can develop appropriate responses. The report includes a large number of findings, conclusions and recommendations. Some of the findings and conclusions require no recommendations. They indicate that the review team is happy with what it found in specific areas and they are included in the report since the team was required to cover these areas and since the team wants to give credit where credit is due. There are other findings and conclusions, indicating areas where improvement is necessary and possible and the team is providing recommendations, but on their own, are not likely to bring about major improvement; then, there are findings and conclusions in areas where the team believes that the potential for the greatest impact lies.
format	Economic & Sector Work :: Education Sector Review
author	World Bank
author_facet	World Bank
author_sort	World Bank
title	Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
title_short	Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
title_full	Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
title_fullStr	Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
title_full_unstemmed	Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector
title_sort	romania - functional review : higher education sector
publisher	Washington, DC
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/05/17056917/romania-functional-review-higher-education-sector http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12295
_version_	1764419417844744192
spelling	okr-10986-122952021-06-14T10:38:34Z Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector World Bank ACADEMIC AUTONOMY ACADEMIC COMMUNITY ACADEMIC LEARNING ACADEMIC PARTNERSHIPS ACADEMIC STAFF ACADEMIC YEAR ACCESS TO HIGHER EDUCATION ACCREDITATION ACTIVE PARTICIPATION AGE COHORT AGE GROUP ASSESSMENT TOOLS AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITIES BASIC SKILLS BRAIN DRAIN CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CIVIL SOCIETY COLLEGIATE LEARNING ASSESSMENT COMPETENCIES DEMAND FOR GRADUATES DIPLOMAS DISCIPLINES DISTANCE LEARNING DISTANCE LEARNING PROGRAMS DISTANCE-LEARNING DOCTORAL DEGREES DOCTORAL STUDENTS DROP OUT RATES EDUCATION ATTAINMENT EDUCATION SERVICES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELEMENTS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATIO EQUITABLE ACCESS ETHICS EXAM EXAMS EXPANDED ACCESS EXPENDITURES FEE-PAYING STUDENTS FIELDS OF STUDY FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOREIGN LANGUAGES FOREIGN STUDENTS FOREIGN STUDY FORMAL EDUCATION FULL ACCREDITATION GRADUATION RATES GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HARD SCIENCES HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS HIGHER EDUCATION HIGHER EDUCATION ENROLLMENT HIGHER EDUCATION FINANCE HIGHER EDUCATION FUNDING HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT INSTRUCTION INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS JOB SATISFACTION LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET PARTICIPATION LEARNING LEARNING OUTCOMES LEARNING OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER EDUCATIONAL LEVELS LOWER LEVELS OF EDUCATION LOWER SECONDARY LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK OCCUPATIONS PAMPHLETS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ANALYSIS POOR PERFORMANCE POTENTIAL BENEFITS PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PROFICIENCY PUBLIC FUNDS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY EDUCATION QUALITY OF EDUCATION RATES OF RETURN READING RESEARCH GRANTS RESEARCH INSTITUTES RESEARCH LITERATURE RESEARCH OUTPUT RESEARCH UNIVERSITIES RESEARCHERS RURAL AREAS RURAL STUDENTS SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM SCHOLARSHIPS SCHOOL LEAVERS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY GRADUATES SECONDARY SCHOOLS SKILLED WORKFORCE SOCIAL SCIENCE SOCIAL SCIENCES SPORTS STANDARDIZED TESTS STATE UNIVERSITIES STUDENT LOAN STUDENT LOAN AGENCY STUDENT LOAN PROGRAM STUDENT LOAN SCHEME STUDENT LOANS STUDENT MOBILITY STUDENT PREPARATION STUDY SKILLS TEACHER TEACHING TEACHING SKILLS TEACHING STAFF TEACHING UNIVERSITIES TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY GRADUATES TERTIARY LEVEL TERTIARY SECTOR TUITION TUITION FEES UNDERGRADUATES UNIVERSITIES UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY UNIVERSITY DEGREES UNIVERSITY LEVEL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS UNIVERSITY RECTORS UPPER SECONDARY UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS URBAN SCHOOLS WORK EXPERIENCE WORKERS YOUTH This review provides a discussion of challenges faced by Romania as a results of reforms, policy changes, growth in enrollment, among others, and provides policy options on how to tackle them. The review focuses on the higher education sector as a whole and how it is managed as a system by the Ministry of Education, Research, Youth and Sport (MERYS). The team assessed how the system is structured, led and managed by MERYS and not how each and every university is structured, led and managed internally. Some internal issues that confront higher education institutions were, however, reviewed since they are common to so many institutions that, by reason of commonality, they deserve to be addressed so that the Ministry can develop appropriate responses. The report includes a large number of findings, conclusions and recommendations. Some of the findings and conclusions require no recommendations. They indicate that the review team is happy with what it found in specific areas and they are included in the report since the team was required to cover these areas and since the team wants to give credit where credit is due. There are other findings and conclusions, indicating areas where improvement is necessary and possible and the team is providing recommendations, but on their own, are not likely to bring about major improvement; then, there are findings and conclusions in areas where the team believes that the potential for the greatest impact lies. 2013-02-11T17:51:49Z 2013-02-11T17:51:49Z 2011-05-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/05/17056917/romania-functional-review-higher-education-sector http://hdl.handle.net/10986/12295 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Education Sector Review Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Romania

Romania - Functional Review : Higher Education Sector

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