The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe

This study compares the financial costs and returns to tobacco growing with twelve (traditional and non-traditional) alternative crops, looking at profitability, costs, labor intensity, financial support, technical infrastructure, land-suitability,...

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Main Author:	Keyser, John C.
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	TOBACCO INDUSTRY COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CROP YIELDS PROFITABILITY MAIZE COTTON GROUNDNUTS SOYBEANS WHEAT COFFEE NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS FIELD CROPS HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKETING VEGETABLES AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS ACTUAL YIELDS AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE ALTERNATIVE CROPS ARABLE LAND BALING BARRIERS TO ENTRY CARROTS CASH CROPS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COFFEE GROWERS COMMERCIAL FARMERS COMMODITY CONSUMER PREFERENCES CORN COST ASSUMPTIONS COTTON CROP CROP CROP DIVERSIFICATION CROP PROFITABILITY CROP ROTATION CROPS CULTIVATION DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS EQUIPMENT EXPORT CROPS EXPORTS FARM FARM ACTIVITIES FARM ENTERPRISE FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM INCOME FARM MANAGEMENT FARMER FARMER PARTICIPATION FARMERS FARMING FARMS FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY GDP GRAIN GREENHOUSES HORTICULTURAL CROPS HORTICULTURE INCOMES INTENSIVE FARMING IRRIGATION LABOR FORCE LAND USE LEMONS LIVESTOCK MARKETING MUSHROOMS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NUTRITION ORANGES ORCHARDS OVERHEAD COSTS PRODUCE PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES REMITTANCES SEEDS SMALL FARMERS SMALLHOLDERS SOYBEAN SPICE CROPS SPICES STATISTICAL DATA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TOBACCO TOTAL COSTS TRADE BALANCE UNITED NATIONS WHEAT PRICES YIELDS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/2017574/costs-profitability-tobacco-compared-other-crops-zimbabwe http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13654

id	okr-10986-13654
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-136542021-04-23T14:03:09Z The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe Keyser, John C. TOBACCO INDUSTRY COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CROP YIELDS PROFITABILITY MAIZE COTTON GROUNDNUTS SOYBEANS WHEAT COFFEE NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS FIELD CROPS HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKETING VEGETABLES AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS ACTUAL YIELDS AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE ALTERNATIVE CROPS ARABLE LAND BALING BARRIERS TO ENTRY CARROTS CASH CROPS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COFFEE COFFEE GROWERS COMMERCIAL FARMERS COMMODITY CONSUMER PREFERENCES CORN COST ASSUMPTIONS COTTON COTTON COTTON CROP CROP CROP DIVERSIFICATION CROP PROFITABILITY CROP ROTATION CROPS CULTIVATION DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS EQUIPMENT EXPORT CROPS EXPORTS FARM FARM ACTIVITIES FARM ENTERPRISE FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM INCOME FARM MANAGEMENT FARMER FARMER PARTICIPATION FARMERS FARMING FARMS FIELD CROPS FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY GDP GRAIN GREENHOUSES GROUNDNUTS HORTICULTURAL CROPS HORTICULTURE INCOMES INTENSIVE FARMING IRRIGATION LABOR FORCE LAND USE LEMONS LIVESTOCK MAIZE MARKETING MUSHROOMS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NUTRITION ORANGES ORCHARDS OVERHEAD COSTS PRODUCE PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES REMITTANCES SEEDS SMALL FARMERS SMALLHOLDERS SOYBEAN SOYBEANS SPICE CROPS SPICES STATISTICAL DATA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TOBACCO TOTAL COSTS TRADE BALANCE UNITED NATIONS VEGETABLES WHEAT WHEAT PRICES YIELDS This study compares the financial costs and returns to tobacco growing with twelve (traditional and non-traditional) alternative crops, looking at profitability, costs, labor intensity, financial support, technical infrastructure, land-suitability, marketing difficulties, world demand, and production risks. It aims to provide an improved understanding of the trade-offs farmers face in deciding what crops to grow. The analysis is based on an original set of 91 production budgets estimated in January 2001 specifically for this study. The study finds that tobacco is a highly profitable cash crop for both large and small farmers. however even if global demand for tobacco were to fall significantly in the future, the impact on employment and the broader economy would depend on the extent to which commercial farmers were able to switch to other high value export crops. Changes in Zimbabwe's land policy in 2001/2002 are likely to have a much larger impact on tobacco growing and exports and on the economy than demand-induced changes in the global market for tobacco. 2013-05-29T20:23:12Z 2013-05-29T20:23:12Z 2002-06 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/2017574/costs-profitability-tobacco-compared-other-crops-zimbabwe 1-932126-19-8 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13654 English en_US HNP discussion paper; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Zimbabwe
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	TOBACCO INDUSTRY COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CROP YIELDS PROFITABILITY MAIZE COTTON GROUNDNUTS SOYBEANS WHEAT COFFEE NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS FIELD CROPS HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKETING VEGETABLES AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS ACTUAL YIELDS AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE ALTERNATIVE CROPS ARABLE LAND BALING BARRIERS TO ENTRY CARROTS CASH CROPS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COFFEE COFFEE GROWERS COMMERCIAL FARMERS COMMODITY CONSUMER PREFERENCES CORN COST ASSUMPTIONS COTTON COTTON COTTON CROP CROP CROP DIVERSIFICATION CROP PROFITABILITY CROP ROTATION CROPS CULTIVATION DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS EQUIPMENT EXPORT CROPS EXPORTS FARM FARM ACTIVITIES FARM ENTERPRISE FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM INCOME FARM MANAGEMENT FARMER FARMER PARTICIPATION FARMERS FARMING FARMS FIELD CROPS FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY GDP GRAIN GREENHOUSES GROUNDNUTS HORTICULTURAL CROPS HORTICULTURE INCOMES INTENSIVE FARMING IRRIGATION LABOR FORCE LAND USE LEMONS LIVESTOCK MAIZE MARKETING MUSHROOMS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NUTRITION ORANGES ORCHARDS OVERHEAD COSTS PRODUCE PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES REMITTANCES SEEDS SMALL FARMERS SMALLHOLDERS SOYBEAN SOYBEANS SPICE CROPS SPICES STATISTICAL DATA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TOBACCO TOTAL COSTS TRADE BALANCE UNITED NATIONS VEGETABLES WHEAT WHEAT PRICES YIELDS
spellingShingle	TOBACCO INDUSTRY COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS CROP YIELDS PROFITABILITY MAIZE COTTON GROUNDNUTS SOYBEANS WHEAT COFFEE NONTRADITIONAL EXPORTS FIELD CROPS HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS MARKETING VEGETABLES AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS AGRICULTURAL INVESTMENTS ACTUAL YIELDS AGRIBUSINESS AGRICULTURAL CROPS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AGRICULTURAL GROWTH AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE ALTERNATIVE CROPS ARABLE LAND BALING BARRIERS TO ENTRY CARROTS CASH CROPS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS COFFEE COFFEE GROWERS COMMERCIAL FARMERS COMMODITY CONSUMER PREFERENCES CORN COST ASSUMPTIONS COTTON COTTON COTTON CROP CROP CROP DIVERSIFICATION CROP PROFITABILITY CROP ROTATION CROPS CULTIVATION DECISION MAKING ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS ECONOMIC SECTORS ECONOMICS EQUIPMENT EXPORT CROPS EXPORTS FARM FARM ACTIVITIES FARM ENTERPRISE FARM HOUSEHOLDS FARM INCOME FARM MANAGEMENT FARMER FARMER PARTICIPATION FARMERS FARMING FARMS FIELD CROPS FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY GDP GRAIN GREENHOUSES GROUNDNUTS HORTICULTURAL CROPS HORTICULTURE INCOMES INTENSIVE FARMING IRRIGATION LABOR FORCE LAND USE LEMONS LIVESTOCK MAIZE MARKETING MUSHROOMS NEW TECHNOLOGIES NUTRITION ORANGES ORCHARDS OVERHEAD COSTS PRODUCE PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES REMITTANCES SEEDS SMALL FARMERS SMALLHOLDERS SOYBEAN SOYBEANS SPICE CROPS SPICES STATISTICAL DATA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TOBACCO TOTAL COSTS TRADE BALANCE UNITED NATIONS VEGETABLES WHEAT WHEAT PRICES YIELDS Keyser, John C. The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
geographic_facet	Africa Zimbabwe
relation	HNP discussion paper;
description	This study compares the financial costs and returns to tobacco growing with twelve (traditional and non-traditional) alternative crops, looking at profitability, costs, labor intensity, financial support, technical infrastructure, land-suitability, marketing difficulties, world demand, and production risks. It aims to provide an improved understanding of the trade-offs farmers face in deciding what crops to grow. The analysis is based on an original set of 91 production budgets estimated in January 2001 specifically for this study. The study finds that tobacco is a highly profitable cash crop for both large and small farmers. however even if global demand for tobacco were to fall significantly in the future, the impact on employment and the broader economy would depend on the extent to which commercial farmers were able to switch to other high value export crops. Changes in Zimbabwe's land policy in 2001/2002 are likely to have a much larger impact on tobacco growing and exports and on the economy than demand-induced changes in the global market for tobacco.
format	Publications & Research :: Working Paper
author	Keyser, John C.
author_facet	Keyser, John C.
author_sort	Keyser, John C.
title	The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
title_short	The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
title_full	The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
title_fullStr	The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
title_full_unstemmed	The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe
title_sort	costs and profitability of tobacco compared to other crops in zimbabwe
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/06/2017574/costs-profitability-tobacco-compared-other-crops-zimbabwe http://hdl.handle.net/10986/13654
_version_	1764424294265257984

The Costs and Profitability of Tobacco Compared to Other Crops in Zimbabwe

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