Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania

The paper provides an overview of household welfare, labor markets, and social programs in Albania, outside of its capital, in 1996. At the time, Albania was in a cross roads, from a period of phenomenal growth, to a series of economic crisis, thou...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Rashid, Mansoora, Dorabawila, Vajeera, Adams, Richard
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013
Subjects:	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AIR AQUIFERS AVERAGE AGE BASIC EDUCATION CHRONIC DISEASE CHRONIC ILLNESS CONSUMPTION PATTERNS DATA SET DEVELOPMENT POLICY ECOLOGY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATION PROGRAMS EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE EXPENDITURE CATEGORY FAMILIES FINANCIAL SECTOR FOOD EXPENDITURES FOREST MANAGEMENT GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH PROCESS HEALTH CARE HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME GROUPS INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCOME INEQUALITY INDIVIDUAL POVERTY INFANT MORTALITY INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFLATION INFLATION RATE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKETS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LOW INCOME MARGINAL RETURNS MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING MEAN CONSUMPTION MIGRANTS MORTALITY PENSION SYSTEM POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL STABILITY POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATE SECTORS PRO-POOR PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC PROGRAMS PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SPENDING PUBLIC TRANSFERS PUBLIC UTILITIES REAL TERMS REAL WAGES REDUCED INEQUALITY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAMPLE SIZE SAVINGS SCHOOL GRADUATES SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTOR REFORMS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SMOKING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SPENDING STATE ENTERPRISES STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX RATES TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE POLICY TRADE REGIME TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POPULATION WASTE WATER PRICING
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1631732/household-welfare-labor-market-social-programs-albania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14015

id	okr-10986-14015
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AIR AQUIFERS AVERAGE AGE BASIC EDUCATION CHRONIC DISEASE CHRONIC ILLNESS CONSUMPTION PATTERNS DATA SET DEVELOPMENT POLICY ECOLOGY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATION PROGRAMS EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE EXPENDITURE CATEGORY FAMILIES FINANCIAL SECTOR FOOD EXPENDITURES FOREST MANAGEMENT GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH PROCESS HEALTH CARE HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME GROUPS INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCOME INEQUALITY INDIVIDUAL POVERTY INFANT MORTALITY INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFLATION INFLATION RATE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKETS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LOW INCOME MARGINAL RETURNS MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING MEAN CONSUMPTION MIGRANTS MORTALITY PENSION SYSTEM POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL STABILITY POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATE SECTORS PRO-POOR PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC PROGRAMS PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SPENDING PUBLIC TRANSFERS PUBLIC UTILITIES REAL TERMS REAL WAGES REDUCED INEQUALITY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAMPLE SIZE SAVINGS SCHOOL GRADUATES SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTOR REFORMS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SMOKING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SPENDING STATE ENTERPRISES STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX RATES TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE POLICY TRADE REGIME TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POPULATION WASTE WATER PRICING
spellingShingle	AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AIR AQUIFERS AVERAGE AGE BASIC EDUCATION CHRONIC DISEASE CHRONIC ILLNESS CONSUMPTION PATTERNS DATA SET DEVELOPMENT POLICY ECOLOGY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATION PROGRAMS EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE EXPENDITURE CATEGORY FAMILIES FINANCIAL SECTOR FOOD EXPENDITURES FOREST MANAGEMENT GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH PROCESS HEALTH CARE HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME GROUPS INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCOME INEQUALITY INDIVIDUAL POVERTY INFANT MORTALITY INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFLATION INFLATION RATE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKETS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LOW INCOME MARGINAL RETURNS MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING MEAN CONSUMPTION MIGRANTS MORTALITY PENSION SYSTEM POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL STABILITY POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATE SECTORS PRO-POOR PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC PROGRAMS PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SPENDING PUBLIC TRANSFERS PUBLIC UTILITIES REAL TERMS REAL WAGES REDUCED INEQUALITY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAMPLE SIZE SAVINGS SCHOOL GRADUATES SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTOR REFORMS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SMOKING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SPENDING STATE ENTERPRISES STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX RATES TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE POLICY TRADE REGIME TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POPULATION WASTE WATER PRICING Rashid, Mansoora Dorabawila, Vajeera Adams, Richard Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia ALBANIA
relation	World Bank Technical Paper;No. 503
description	The paper provides an overview of household welfare, labor markets, and social programs in Albania, outside of its capital, in 1996. At the time, Albania was in a cross roads, from a period of phenomenal growth, to a series of economic crisis, though still ranking as the poorest country in the Central and Eastern Europe Region. The main findings suggest that the majority of the poor are rural, self-employed in agriculture, a result of Albania's large rural population that is mainly employed in subsistence agriculture. These households also have the highest poverty incidence, followed by out of labor force individuals, and the unemployed. Not surprising, the highest poverty incidence is in the rural north, requiring subsidized wheat, and cash transfers to survive difficult winters. Interestingly, migration is a major coping strategy in Albania: households with no migrants, were poorer than those where a family member was working abroad. The study raises concern about the education system, and safety nets, considering there are high drop out rates in basic, and secondary education among the poor, and, education spending is biased against the poor, except in basic education. Moreover, health outcomes are particularly worse among the poor. The study notes that outside of pensions, Albania's social protection system appears moderately well targeted to the poor, however, high tax rates, and limited wage base, makes a contribution based social protection system questionable.
format	Publications & Research :: Publication
author	Rashid, Mansoora Dorabawila, Vajeera Adams, Richard
author_facet	Rashid, Mansoora Dorabawila, Vajeera Adams, Richard
author_sort	Rashid, Mansoora
title	Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
title_short	Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
title_full	Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
title_fullStr	Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
title_full_unstemmed	Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania
title_sort	household welfare, the labor market, and social programs in albania
publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1631732/household-welfare-labor-market-social-programs-albania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14015
_version_	1764425017004654592
spelling	okr-10986-140152021-04-23T14:03:10Z Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania Rashid, Mansoora Dorabawila, Vajeera Adams, Richard AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AIR AQUIFERS AVERAGE AGE BASIC EDUCATION CHRONIC DISEASE CHRONIC ILLNESS CONSUMPTION PATTERNS DATA SET DEVELOPMENT POLICY ECOLOGY ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT ECONOMIC REFORM ECONOMICS EDUCATION LEVEL EDUCATION PROGRAMS EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE EXPENDITURE CATEGORY FAMILIES FINANCIAL SECTOR FOOD EXPENDITURES FOREST MANAGEMENT GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH PROCESS HEALTH CARE HEALTH EDUCATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD HEAD HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME GROUPS INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INCOME INEQUALITY INDIVIDUAL POVERTY INFANT MORTALITY INFECTIOUS DISEASES INFLATION INFLATION RATE INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET REGULATIONS LABOR MARKETS LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LOW INCOME MARGINAL RETURNS MARKET ECONOMY MARKETING MEAN CONSUMPTION MIGRANTS MORTALITY PENSION SYSTEM POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL STABILITY POPULATION GROUPS POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY RATE POVERTY RATES POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PRIVATE SECTORS PRO-POOR PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC PROGRAMS PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC SPENDING PUBLIC TRANSFERS PUBLIC UTILITIES REAL TERMS REAL WAGES REDUCED INEQUALITY RURAL AREAS RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL POPULATION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAMPLE SIZE SAVINGS SCHOOL GRADUATES SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTOR REFORMS SECTORAL COMPOSITION SMOKING SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL SPENDING STATE ENTERPRISES STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX RATES TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE POLICY TRADE REGIME TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN CENTERS URBAN HOUSEHOLDS URBAN POPULATION WASTE WATER PRICING The paper provides an overview of household welfare, labor markets, and social programs in Albania, outside of its capital, in 1996. At the time, Albania was in a cross roads, from a period of phenomenal growth, to a series of economic crisis, though still ranking as the poorest country in the Central and Eastern Europe Region. The main findings suggest that the majority of the poor are rural, self-employed in agriculture, a result of Albania's large rural population that is mainly employed in subsistence agriculture. These households also have the highest poverty incidence, followed by out of labor force individuals, and the unemployed. Not surprising, the highest poverty incidence is in the rural north, requiring subsidized wheat, and cash transfers to survive difficult winters. Interestingly, migration is a major coping strategy in Albania: households with no migrants, were poorer than those where a family member was working abroad. The study raises concern about the education system, and safety nets, considering there are high drop out rates in basic, and secondary education among the poor, and, education spending is biased against the poor, except in basic education. Moreover, health outcomes are particularly worse among the poor. The study notes that outside of pensions, Albania's social protection system appears moderately well targeted to the poor, however, high tax rates, and limited wage base, makes a contribution based social protection system questionable. 2013-06-19T17:25:33Z 2013-06-19T17:25:33Z 2001-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/05/1631732/household-welfare-labor-market-social-programs-albania 0-8213-4963-5 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14015 English en_US World Bank Technical Paper;No. 503 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication Europe and Central Asia ALBANIA

Household Welfare, the Labor Market, and Social Programs in Albania

Similar Items