Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe

ROMA are the main poverty risk groups in many of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. However, information on their living conditions, and the characteristics of their poverty is scarce, fragmented, and often anecdotal. This paper analyzes...

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Main Authors:	Revenga, Ana, Ringold, Dena, Tracy, William Martin
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013
Subjects:	POVERTY INCIDENCE ETHNIC CONCENTRATION VULNERABLE GROUPS LIVING CONDITIONS CROSS-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS WELFARE ELIGIBILITY INCOME GAPS CONSUMPTION STATISTICS HOUSING CONDITIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ETHNICITY WELFARE ECONOMICS DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES CULTURAL FACTORS ACCESSIBLE SERVICES PUBLIC SERVICES LANGUAGE BARRIERS ACCESSION COUNTRIES AVERAGE AGE CASE STUDIES CITIES CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY LEADERS COUNTRY LEVEL DEMOGRAPHICS DISCRIMINATION ECOLOGY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ETHNIC MINORITIES EXCHANGE RATE FAMILIES FOREST MANAGEMENT GENDER GYPSIES HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING QUALITY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION INCOME INDIVIDUAL LEVEL INTERVIEWER ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOCAL OFFICIALS MARKET ECONOMY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION NEIGHBORHOODS PARENTS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY OPTIONS POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY GROUP POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY RISKS PREGNANCY PRIMARY EDUCATION RANDOM SAMPLE RELIGION RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS RISK GROUPS ROMA RURAL AREAS SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEVERE POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES TOWNS TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS VILLAGES WASTE WATER PRICING WATER RESOURCES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2091873/poverty-ethnicity-cross-country-study-roma-poverty-central-europe http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14055

id	okr-10986-14055
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-140552021-04-23T14:03:11Z Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe Revenga, Ana Ringold, Dena Tracy, William Martin POVERTY INCIDENCE ETHNIC CONCENTRATION VULNERABLE GROUPS LIVING CONDITIONS CROSS-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS WELFARE ELIGIBILITY INCOME GAPS CONSUMPTION STATISTICS HOUSING CONDITIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ETHNICITY WELFARE ECONOMICS DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES CULTURAL FACTORS ACCESSIBLE SERVICES PUBLIC SERVICES LANGUAGE BARRIERS ACCESSION COUNTRIES AVERAGE AGE CASE STUDIES CITIES CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY LEADERS COUNTRY LEVEL DEMOGRAPHICS DISCRIMINATION ECOLOGY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ETHNIC MINORITIES EXCHANGE RATE FAMILIES FOREST MANAGEMENT GENDER GYPSIES HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING QUALITY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION INCOME INDIVIDUAL LEVEL INTERVIEWER ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOCAL OFFICIALS MARKET ECONOMY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS NEIGHBORHOODS PARENTS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY OPTIONS POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY GROUP POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY RISKS PREGNANCY PRIMARY EDUCATION PUBLIC SERVICES RANDOM SAMPLE RELIGION RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS RISK GROUPS ROMA RURAL AREAS SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEVERE POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES TOWNS TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS VILLAGES WASTE WATER PRICING WATER RESOURCES ROMA are the main poverty risk groups in many of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. However, information on their living conditions, and the characteristics of their poverty is scarce, fragmented, and often anecdotal. This paper analyzes data from a new cross-country household survey, conducted by the Center for Comparative Research, at Yale University. The survey is the first of its kind which addresses the ethnic dimension of poverty across countries, covering Roma in Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. The paper finds that welfare among Roma households is significantly lower than that of non-Roma, in terms of both material deprivation (consumption and income), and other measures of deprivation, including housing status, education levels, and employment opportunities. Multivariate analysis confirm that, controlling for other household characteristics, there is a strong negative association between Roma ethnicity, and welfare. A large part of this association appears to be due to differences in endowments, and opportunities, but there is also an important component that is "structural". This component may reflect the influence of past, and present discrimination, exclusion, and cultural factors which may affect access to public services, e.g., through language barriers. 2013-06-20T15:31:54Z 2013-06-20T15:31:54Z 2002-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2091873/poverty-ethnicity-cross-country-study-roma-poverty-central-europe 0-8213-5339-X http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14055 English en_US World Bank Technical Paper;No. 531 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication Europe and Central Asia Europe
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	POVERTY INCIDENCE ETHNIC CONCENTRATION VULNERABLE GROUPS LIVING CONDITIONS CROSS-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS WELFARE ELIGIBILITY INCOME GAPS CONSUMPTION STATISTICS HOUSING CONDITIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ETHNICITY WELFARE ECONOMICS DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES CULTURAL FACTORS ACCESSIBLE SERVICES PUBLIC SERVICES LANGUAGE BARRIERS ACCESSION COUNTRIES AVERAGE AGE CASE STUDIES CITIES CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY LEADERS COUNTRY LEVEL DEMOGRAPHICS DISCRIMINATION ECOLOGY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ETHNIC MINORITIES EXCHANGE RATE FAMILIES FOREST MANAGEMENT GENDER GYPSIES HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING QUALITY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION INCOME INDIVIDUAL LEVEL INTERVIEWER ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOCAL OFFICIALS MARKET ECONOMY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS NEIGHBORHOODS PARENTS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY OPTIONS POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY GROUP POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY RISKS PREGNANCY PRIMARY EDUCATION PUBLIC SERVICES RANDOM SAMPLE RELIGION RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS RISK GROUPS ROMA RURAL AREAS SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEVERE POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES TOWNS TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS VILLAGES WASTE WATER PRICING WATER RESOURCES
spellingShingle	POVERTY INCIDENCE ETHNIC CONCENTRATION VULNERABLE GROUPS LIVING CONDITIONS CROSS-COUNTRY EXPERIENCE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS WELFARE ELIGIBILITY INCOME GAPS CONSUMPTION STATISTICS HOUSING CONDITIONS EDUCATIONAL LEVEL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ETHNICITY WELFARE ECONOMICS DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES CULTURAL FACTORS ACCESSIBLE SERVICES PUBLIC SERVICES LANGUAGE BARRIERS ACCESSION COUNTRIES AVERAGE AGE CASE STUDIES CITIES CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY LEADERS COUNTRY LEVEL DEMOGRAPHICS DISCRIMINATION ECOLOGY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ETHNIC MINORITIES EXCHANGE RATE FAMILIES FOREST MANAGEMENT GENDER GYPSIES HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH STATUS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CONDITIONS HOUSING QUALITY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMMIGRATION INCOME INDIVIDUAL LEVEL INTERVIEWER ISOLATION LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL CURRENCY LOCAL OFFICIALS MARKET ECONOMY MATERIAL CONSUMPTION MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS NEIGHBORHOODS PARENTS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY OPTIONS POPULATION GROUPS POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY GROUP POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY RISKS PREGNANCY PRIMARY EDUCATION PUBLIC SERVICES RANDOM SAMPLE RELIGION RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS RISK GROUPS ROMA RURAL AREAS SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SETTLEMENT SETTLEMENTS SEVERE POVERTY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SERVICES TOWNS TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS VILLAGES WASTE WATER PRICING WATER RESOURCES Revenga, Ana Ringold, Dena Tracy, William Martin Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Europe
relation	World Bank Technical Paper;No. 531
description	ROMA are the main poverty risk groups in many of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. However, information on their living conditions, and the characteristics of their poverty is scarce, fragmented, and often anecdotal. This paper analyzes data from a new cross-country household survey, conducted by the Center for Comparative Research, at Yale University. The survey is the first of its kind which addresses the ethnic dimension of poverty across countries, covering Roma in Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania. The paper finds that welfare among Roma households is significantly lower than that of non-Roma, in terms of both material deprivation (consumption and income), and other measures of deprivation, including housing status, education levels, and employment opportunities. Multivariate analysis confirm that, controlling for other household characteristics, there is a strong negative association between Roma ethnicity, and welfare. A large part of this association appears to be due to differences in endowments, and opportunities, but there is also an important component that is "structural". This component may reflect the influence of past, and present discrimination, exclusion, and cultural factors which may affect access to public services, e.g., through language barriers.
format	Publications & Research :: Publication
author	Revenga, Ana Ringold, Dena Tracy, William Martin
author_facet	Revenga, Ana Ringold, Dena Tracy, William Martin
author_sort	Revenga, Ana
title	Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
title_short	Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
title_full	Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
title_fullStr	Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
title_full_unstemmed	Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe
title_sort	poverty and ethnicity : a cross-country study of roma poverty in central europe
publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2091873/poverty-ethnicity-cross-country-study-roma-poverty-central-europe http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14055
_version_	1764425225750970368

Poverty and Ethnicity : A Cross-Country Study of ROMA Poverty in Central Europe

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