Informal Export Barriers and Poverty

The author investigates the poverty impacts of informal export barriers like transport costs, cumbersome customs practices, costly regulations, and bribes. He models these informal barriers as export taxes that distort the efficient allocation of...

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Main Author:	Porto, Guido G.
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, D.C. 2013
Subjects:	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS CAPITAL STOCK CASH INCOME CHILD LABOR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER PRICES CORRUPTION COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS CRIME CROP PRODUCTION DEREGULATION EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURE EXPORT BARRIERS EXTERNAL MARKETS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR PRICES FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOR SUPPLY LOCAL PRODUCTION PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICING POLICIES PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PRODUCTION COSTS TARIFF BARRIERS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS POVERTY REDUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE TARIFF CONSUMERS DEMAND CURVES DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND FOR GOODS DEMAND FUNCTIONS ELASTICITIES EQUILIBRIUM EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPENDITURES EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICE FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINANCIAL CRISIS FREE TRADE AREAS GDP INCOME INCOME ELASTICITIES INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS INPUT PRICES INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS LABOR MARKETS LEISURE LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PROFIT MAXIMIZATION REAL INCOME SALES SOCIAL WELFARE SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIERS TARIFF RATES TIME SERIES TRADABLE GOODS TRADE COSTS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE MODELS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATE WAGES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE FUNCTION WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD MARKETS
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/07/4960294/informal-export-barriers-poverty http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14066

id	okr-10986-14066
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-140662021-04-23T14:03:20Z Informal Export Barriers and Poverty Porto, Guido G. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS CAPITAL STOCK CASH INCOME CHILD LABOR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER PRICES CORRUPTION COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS CRIME CROP PRODUCTION DEREGULATION EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURE EXPORT BARRIERS EXTERNAL MARKETS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR PRICES FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOR SUPPLY LOCAL PRODUCTION PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICING POLICIES PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PRODUCTION COSTS TARIFF BARRIERS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS POVERTY REDUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS AVERAGE TARIFF CAPITAL STOCK CHILD LABOR CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEMAND CURVES DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND FOR GOODS DEMAND FUNCTIONS DEREGULATION ELASTICITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPENDITURES EXPORT BARRIERS EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICE FACTOR PRICES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINANCIAL CRISIS FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME ELASTICITIES INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS INFLATION INPUT PRICES INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LOCAL PRODUCTION LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGES PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PROFIT MAXIMIZATION REAL INCOME SALES SOCIAL WELFARE SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIERS TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TIME SERIES TRADABLE GOODS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE COSTS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATE WAGES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE FUNCTION WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD MARKETS The author investigates the poverty impacts of informal export barriers like transport costs, cumbersome customs practices, costly regulations, and bribes. He models these informal barriers as export taxes that distort the efficient allocation of resources. In low-income agricultural economies, this distortion lowers wages and household agricultural income, thereby leading to higher poverty. The author investigates the poverty impacts of improving export procedures in Moldova. This is a unique case study: poverty is widespread (half of the Moldovan population lives in poverty), the country is very open and relies on agricultural exports for growth, formal trade barriers are fairly liberalized, and informal export barriers are common and widespread. The author finds that improving export practices would benefit the average Moldovan household across the whole income distribution. For example, halving informal export barriers would cause poverty to decline from 48.3 percent of the population to between 43.3 and 45.5 percent, potentially lifting 100,000-180,000 individuals out of poverty. 2013-06-20T17:37:23Z 2013-06-20T17:37:23Z 2004-07 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/07/4960294/informal-export-barriers-poverty http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14066 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.3354 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Moldova
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS CAPITAL STOCK CASH INCOME CHILD LABOR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER PRICES CORRUPTION COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS CRIME CROP PRODUCTION DEREGULATION EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURE EXPORT BARRIERS EXTERNAL MARKETS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR PRICES FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOR SUPPLY LOCAL PRODUCTION PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICING POLICIES PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PRODUCTION COSTS TARIFF BARRIERS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS POVERTY REDUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS AVERAGE TARIFF CAPITAL STOCK CHILD LABOR CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEMAND CURVES DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND FOR GOODS DEMAND FUNCTIONS DEREGULATION ELASTICITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPENDITURES EXPORT BARRIERS EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICE FACTOR PRICES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINANCIAL CRISIS FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME ELASTICITIES INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS INFLATION INPUT PRICES INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LOCAL PRODUCTION LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGES PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PROFIT MAXIMIZATION REAL INCOME SALES SOCIAL WELFARE SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIERS TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TIME SERIES TRADABLE GOODS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE COSTS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATE WAGES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE FUNCTION WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD MARKETS
spellingShingle	AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS CAPITAL STOCK CASH INCOME CHILD LABOR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSUMER PRICES CORRUPTION COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS CRIME CROP PRODUCTION DEREGULATION EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURE EXPORT BARRIERS EXTERNAL MARKETS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR PRICES FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LABOR SUPPLY LOCAL PRODUCTION PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICING POLICIES PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES PRODUCTION COSTS TARIFF BARRIERS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS POVERTY REDUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE PRODUCTION COSTS AVERAGE TARIFF CAPITAL STOCK CHILD LABOR CONSUMER PRICES CONSUMERS DEMAND CURVES DEMAND ELASTICITIES DEMAND FOR GOODS DEMAND FUNCTIONS DEREGULATION ELASTICITIES EQUILIBRIUM EQUILIBRIUM PRICES EXCHANGE RATES EXOGENOUS VARIABLES EXPENDITURES EXPORT BARRIERS EXPORT PRICES EXPORT SECTORS EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTOR DEMAND FACTOR MARKETS FACTOR PRICE FACTOR PRICES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINANCIAL CRISIS FORMAL LABOR MARKET FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP IMPORT BARRIERS IMPORTS INCOME INCOME DISTRIBUTION INCOME EFFECTS INCOME ELASTICITIES INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS INFLATION INPUT PRICES INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LABOR SUPPLY LEISURE LOCAL PRODUCTION LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE PRICE CHANGES PRICE ELASTICITIES PRICE ELASTICITY PRICE TAKERS PRODUCERS PRODUCTION COSTS PRODUCTION FUNCTION PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PROFIT MAXIMIZATION REAL INCOME SALES SOCIAL WELFARE SUBSTITUTION SUPPLIERS TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TIME SERIES TRADABLE GOODS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE COSTS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICIES TRADE REFORMS TRADE RESTRICTIONS TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSPORT COSTS UTILITY FUNCTION WAGE RATE WAGES WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE FUNCTION WELFARE GAINS WELFARE IMPACTS WELFARE LOSSES WORLD MARKETS Porto, Guido G. Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Moldova
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No.3354
description	The author investigates the poverty impacts of informal export barriers like transport costs, cumbersome customs practices, costly regulations, and bribes. He models these informal barriers as export taxes that distort the efficient allocation of resources. In low-income agricultural economies, this distortion lowers wages and household agricultural income, thereby leading to higher poverty. The author investigates the poverty impacts of improving export procedures in Moldova. This is a unique case study: poverty is widespread (half of the Moldovan population lives in poverty), the country is very open and relies on agricultural exports for growth, formal trade barriers are fairly liberalized, and informal export barriers are common and widespread. The author finds that improving export practices would benefit the average Moldovan household across the whole income distribution. For example, halving informal export barriers would cause poverty to decline from 48.3 percent of the population to between 43.3 and 45.5 percent, potentially lifting 100,000-180,000 individuals out of poverty.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Porto, Guido G.
author_facet	Porto, Guido G.
author_sort	Porto, Guido G.
title	Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
title_short	Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
title_full	Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
title_fullStr	Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
title_full_unstemmed	Informal Export Barriers and Poverty
title_sort	informal export barriers and poverty
publisher	World Bank, Washington, D.C.
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/07/4960294/informal-export-barriers-poverty http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14066
_version_	1764430436492115968

Informal Export Barriers and Poverty

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