The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers

This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. The author argues that phasing out distortionary gover...

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Main Author:	Anderson, Kym
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, D.C. 2013
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL GOODS CAPITAL STOCK CLEARANCE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMERS CUSTOMS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT INVESTMENT DUMPING ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC EFFECTS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RELATIONS ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL INFORMATION EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPENDITURE EXPERIMENTS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISIS FISCAL POLICIES FISHERIES FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN EXCHANGE FORESTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLDS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FUNDS LAISSEZ FAIRE MINING MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NATIONAL OUTPUT OPEN ECONOMIES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTION POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESENT VALUE PRODUCERS PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTAS RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS SETTLEMENT SOCIAL COSTS SPILLOVERS STATIC ANALYSIS STOCKS TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE REFORM TRADE TAXES TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT URUGUAY URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WEALTH WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5175017/challenge-reducing-subsidies-trade-barriers http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14250

id	okr-10986-14250
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-142502021-04-23T14:03:21Z The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers Anderson, Kym ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL GOODS CAPITAL STOCK CLEARANCE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMERS CUSTOMS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT INVESTMENT DUMPING ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC EFFECTS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RELATIONS ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL INFORMATION EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPENDITURE EXPERIMENTS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISIS FISCAL POLICIES FISHERIES FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN EXCHANGE FORESTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLDS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FUNDS LAISSEZ FAIRE MINING MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NATIONAL OUTPUT OPEN ECONOMIES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTION POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESENT VALUE PRODUCERS PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTAS RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS SETTLEMENT SOCIAL COSTS SPILLOVERS STATIC ANALYSIS STOCKS TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE REFORM TRADE TAXES TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT URUGUAY URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WEALTH WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. The author argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economy-wide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals. 2013-06-27T18:50:27Z 2013-06-27T18:50:27Z 2004-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5175017/challenge-reducing-subsidies-trade-barriers http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14250 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.3415 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL GOODS CAPITAL STOCK CLEARANCE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMERS CUSTOMS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT INVESTMENT DUMPING ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC EFFECTS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RELATIONS ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL INFORMATION EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPENDITURE EXPERIMENTS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISIS FISCAL POLICIES FISHERIES FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN EXCHANGE FORESTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLDS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FUNDS LAISSEZ FAIRE MINING MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NATIONAL OUTPUT OPEN ECONOMIES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTION POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESENT VALUE PRODUCERS PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTAS RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS SETTLEMENT SOCIAL COSTS SPILLOVERS STATIC ANALYSIS STOCKS TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE REFORM TRADE TAXES TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT URUGUAY URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WEALTH WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
spellingShingle	ACCOUNTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDIES AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BENCHMARK BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL GOODS CAPITAL STOCK CLEARANCE CLIMATE CHANGE COAL COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE CONSUMERS CUSTOMS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DIRECT INVESTMENT DUMPING ECONOMIC BENEFITS ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC EFFECTS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RELATIONS ECONOMIC WELFARE ECONOMIES OF SCALE ECONOMISTS EFFICIENT RESOURCE ALLOCATION EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL INFORMATION EMPIRICAL STUDIES ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS EQUILIBRIUM EQUIVALENT VARIATION EXPENDITURE EXPERIMENTS EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS EXTERNALITIES FINANCIAL CRISIS FISCAL POLICIES FISHERIES FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN EXCHANGE FORESTRY FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREAS GDP GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLDS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORTS INCOME INCREASING RETURNS INCREASING RETURNS TO SCALE INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FUNDS LAISSEZ FAIRE MINING MONOPOLISTIC COMPETITION MULTILATERAL TRADE MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATIONS MULTILATERAL TRADE REFORM NATIONAL OUTPUT OPEN ECONOMIES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLITICAL ECONOMY POLLUTION POVERTY ALLEVIATION PRESENT VALUE PRODUCERS PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PROPERTY RIGHTS QUOTAS RESOURCE ALLOCATION SAFETY SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SECURE PROPERTY RIGHTS SETTLEMENT SOCIAL COSTS SPILLOVERS STATIC ANALYSIS STOCKS TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TAXATION TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION TELECOMMUNICATIONS TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE AGREEMENTS TRADE BARRIERS TRADE DIVERSION TRADE FACILITATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE REFORM TRADE TAXES TRANSACTION COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES UNCERTAINTY UNEMPLOYMENT URUGUAY URUGUAY ROUND VALUE ADDED WAGES WEALTH WELFARE EFFECTS WELFARE GAINS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Anderson, Kym The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No.3415
description	This is one of 10 studies for the Copenhagen Consensus Project that sought to evaluate the most feasible opportunities to improve welfare globally and alleviate poverty in developing countries. The author argues that phasing out distortionary government subsidies and barriers to international trade will yield an extraordinarily high benefit-cost ratio. A survey is provided of recent estimates using global economy-wide simulation models of the benefits of doing that by way of the current Doha round of multilateral trade negotiations. Even if adjustment costs are several times as large as suggested by available estimates, the benefit-cost ratio from seizing this opportunity exceeds 20. That is much higher than the rewards from regional or bilateral trade agreements or from providing preferential access for least-developed countries' exports to high-income countries. Such reform would simultaneously contribute to alleviating several of the other key challenges reflected in the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Anderson, Kym
author_facet	Anderson, Kym
author_sort	Anderson, Kym
title	The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
title_short	The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
title_full	The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
title_fullStr	The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
title_full_unstemmed	The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers
title_sort	challenge of reducing subsidies and trade barriers
publisher	World Bank, Washington, D.C.
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/09/5175017/challenge-reducing-subsidies-trade-barriers http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14250
_version_	1764430705007263744

The Challenge of Reducing Subsidies and Trade Barriers

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