Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective
The authors examine the latest quantitative evidence on disparities in living standards between and among different ethnic groups in Vietnam. Using data from the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey and 1999 Census, they show that Kinh and Hoa (&qu...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, D.C.
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/1783728/ethnic-minority-development-vietnam-socioeconomic-perspective http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14802 |
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okr-10986-148022021-04-23T14:03:20Z Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective Baulch, Bob Thi Kim Chuyen, Truong Haughton, Dominique Haughton, Jonathan ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AGED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ANTHROPOLOGISTS CENSUS DATA COMMUNES CULTURAL NORMS DATA SOURCES DETAILED EXAMINATION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS ETHNICITY EXCHANGE RATE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS GIRLS GROSS ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL IDENTITY INSTRUCTION INTERVENTIONS IRON LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MARRIAGES MEAN CONSUMPTION MEASLES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHERS NATIONAL AVERAGE NER NET ENROLLMENT PARENTS POLICY RESEARCH POLIO POLYGAMY POOR COUNTRIES POOR PEOPLE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUBLIC POLICY PUPILS QUALITATIVE STUDIES REAL TERMS RELIGION RELIGIOUS GROUPS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SECONDARY LEVEL SOCIETY STATISTICAL OFFICE TEXTBOOKS URBAN AREAS VILLAGES YOUNG CHILDREN ETHNIC RELATIONS ETHNO-RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS MINORITY GROUPS STANDARD OF LIVING LIVING STANDARDS INDICATORS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEYS CULTURAL IDENTITY SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT The authors examine the latest quantitative evidence on disparities in living standards between and among different ethnic groups in Vietnam. Using data from the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey and 1999 Census, they show that Kinh and Hoa ("majority") households have substantially higher living standards than "minority" households from Vietnam's other 52 ethnic groups. Subdividing the population into five broad categories, the authors find that while the Kinh, Hoa, Khmer, and Northern Highland minorities have benefited from economic growth in the 1990s, the growth of Central Highland minorities has stagnated. Disaggregating further, they find that the same ethnic groups whose living standards have risen fastest are those that have the highest school enrollment rates, are most likely to intermarry with Kinh partners, and are the least likely to practice a religion. The authors then estimate and decompose a set of expenditure regressions which show that even if minority households had the same endowments as Kinh households, this would close no more than a third of the gap in per capita expenditures. While some ethnic minorities seem to be doing well with a strategy of assimilating (both culturally and economically) with the Kinh-Hoa majority, other groups are attempting to integrate economically while retaining distinct cultural identities. A third group comprising the Central Highland minorities, including the Hmong, is largely being left behind by the growth process. Such diversity in the socioeconomic development experiences of the different ethnic minorities indicates the need for similar diversity in the policy interventions that are designed to assist them. 2013-08-05T18:29:57Z 2013-08-05T18:29:57Z 2002-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/1783728/ethnic-minority-development-vietnam-socioeconomic-perspective http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14802 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No.2836 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, D.C. Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific Vietnam |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AGED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ANTHROPOLOGISTS CENSUS DATA COMMUNES CULTURAL NORMS DATA SOURCES DETAILED EXAMINATION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS ETHNICITY EXCHANGE RATE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS GIRLS GROSS ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL IDENTITY INSTRUCTION INTERVENTIONS IRON LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MARRIAGES MEAN CONSUMPTION MEASLES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHERS NATIONAL AVERAGE NER NET ENROLLMENT PARENTS POLICY RESEARCH POLIO POLYGAMY POOR COUNTRIES POOR PEOPLE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUBLIC POLICY PUPILS QUALITATIVE STUDIES REAL TERMS RELIGION RELIGIOUS GROUPS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SECONDARY LEVEL SOCIETY STATISTICAL OFFICE TEXTBOOKS URBAN AREAS VILLAGES YOUNG CHILDREN ETHNIC RELATIONS ETHNO-RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS MINORITY GROUPS STANDARD OF LIVING LIVING STANDARDS INDICATORS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEYS CULTURAL IDENTITY SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT |
| spellingShingle |
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AGED AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION ANTHROPOLOGISTS CENSUS DATA COMMUNES CULTURAL NORMS DATA SOURCES DETAILED EXAMINATION DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT STUDIES DISCRIMINATION ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS ETHNICITY EXCHANGE RATE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS GIRLS GROSS ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD WELFARE HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL IDENTITY INSTRUCTION INTERVENTIONS IRON LIVING STANDARDS MALNUTRITION MARRIAGES MEAN CONSUMPTION MEASLES MIGRANTS MIGRATION MOTHERS NATIONAL AVERAGE NER NET ENROLLMENT PARENTS POLICY RESEARCH POLIO POLYGAMY POOR COUNTRIES POOR PEOPLE POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLS PUBLIC POLICY PUPILS QUALITATIVE STUDIES REAL TERMS RELIGION RELIGIOUS GROUPS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL POOR RURAL POVERTY SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZES SCHOOLS SECONDARY LEVEL SOCIETY STATISTICAL OFFICE TEXTBOOKS URBAN AREAS VILLAGES YOUNG CHILDREN ETHNIC RELATIONS ETHNO-RELIGIOUS CONFLICTS MINORITY GROUPS STANDARD OF LIVING LIVING STANDARDS INDICATORS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE SURVEYS CULTURAL IDENTITY SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Baulch, Bob Thi Kim Chuyen, Truong Haughton, Dominique Haughton, Jonathan Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Vietnam |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No.2836 |
| description |
The authors examine the latest
quantitative evidence on disparities in living standards
between and among different ethnic groups in Vietnam. Using
data from the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey and 1999
Census, they show that Kinh and Hoa ("majority")
households have substantially higher living standards than
"minority" households from Vietnam's other 52
ethnic groups. Subdividing the population into five broad
categories, the authors find that while the Kinh, Hoa,
Khmer, and Northern Highland minorities have benefited from
economic growth in the 1990s, the growth of Central Highland
minorities has stagnated. Disaggregating further, they find
that the same ethnic groups whose living standards have
risen fastest are those that have the highest school
enrollment rates, are most likely to intermarry with Kinh
partners, and are the least likely to practice a religion.
The authors then estimate and decompose a set of expenditure
regressions which show that even if minority households had
the same endowments as Kinh households, this would close no
more than a third of the gap in per capita expenditures.
While some ethnic minorities seem to be doing well with a
strategy of assimilating (both culturally and economically)
with the Kinh-Hoa majority, other groups are attempting to
integrate economically while retaining distinct cultural
identities. A third group comprising the Central Highland
minorities, including the Hmong, is largely being left
behind by the growth process. Such diversity in the
socioeconomic development experiences of the different
ethnic minorities indicates the need for similar diversity
in the policy interventions that are designed to assist them. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Baulch, Bob Thi Kim Chuyen, Truong Haughton, Dominique Haughton, Jonathan |
| author_facet |
Baulch, Bob Thi Kim Chuyen, Truong Haughton, Dominique Haughton, Jonathan |
| author_sort |
Baulch, Bob |
| title |
Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| title_short |
Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| title_full |
Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| title_fullStr |
Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Ethnic Minority Development in Vietnam : A Socioeconomic Perspective |
| title_sort |
ethnic minority development in vietnam : a socioeconomic perspective |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, D.C. |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/1783728/ethnic-minority-development-vietnam-socioeconomic-perspective http://hdl.handle.net/10986/14802 |
| _version_ |
1764429986379333632 |