East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth
Rapid and sustained growth in international trade has long been a hallmark of successful growth and development strategies in East Asia. Some success stories are well known: those of the newly industrializing economies (NIEs) such as the Republic o...
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| Format: | Publication |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC: World Bank and Oxford University Press
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3003191/east-asia-integrates-trade-policy-agenda-shared-growth http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15038 |
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okr-10986-15038 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CENTRAL BANKS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENCY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC WELFARE EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS EXCHANGE RATE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT ORIENTATION EXPORTERS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISIS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA GDP GLOBAL LIBERALIZATION GLOBAL TRADE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INEQUALITY INTEREST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FLOWS INVESTMENT POLICIES INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR STANDARDS LEGAL STATUS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET ACCESS MARKET SHARE MARKET SHARES MARKET SIZE MTN MULTILATERAL COMMITMENTS NEGOTIATING POSITIONS NONTARIFF BARRIER NONTARIFF BARRIERS NONTARIFF MEASURES OPENNESS PATENTS POLICY INTEGRATION POLLUTION PREFERENTIAL TRADING PREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS PRODUCER SERVICES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION NETWORKS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL MARKETS REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS REGIONAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS REGIONALISM SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SHARE OF WORLD EXPORTS SOCIAL STABILITY SUBSIDIARY RIGHTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATES TAX REVENUE TELECOMMUNICATIONS THIRD-COUNTRY MARKETS TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE CLASSIFICATION TRADE COMPETITIVENESS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE GROWTH TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE STRUCTURE TRADE TREATIES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSITION ECONOMY TRANSPORT COSTS VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE IMPACTS WORKER RIGHTS WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO TRADE POLICY SHARED GROWTH TRADE AGREEMENTS EXPORT DATA EXPORT MARKETS AGRICULTURAL ASPECTS WELFARE ECONOMICS TRANSPORT COSTS LIBERALIZATION INVESTMENTS PROPERTY RIGHTS ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS TRADE REFORM HOUSEHOLDS SOCIAL STABILITY INCOMES SOCIAL PROTECTION FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS PORT ACCESS AIR FREIGHT |
| spellingShingle |
AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CENTRAL BANKS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENCY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC WELFARE EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS EXCHANGE RATE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT ORIENTATION EXPORTERS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISIS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA GDP GLOBAL LIBERALIZATION GLOBAL TRADE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INEQUALITY INTEREST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FLOWS INVESTMENT POLICIES INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR STANDARDS LEGAL STATUS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET ACCESS MARKET SHARE MARKET SHARES MARKET SIZE MTN MULTILATERAL COMMITMENTS NEGOTIATING POSITIONS NONTARIFF BARRIER NONTARIFF BARRIERS NONTARIFF MEASURES OPENNESS PATENTS POLICY INTEGRATION POLLUTION PREFERENTIAL TRADING PREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS PRODUCER SERVICES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION NETWORKS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL MARKETS REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS REGIONAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS REGIONALISM SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SHARE OF WORLD EXPORTS SOCIAL STABILITY SUBSIDIARY RIGHTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATES TAX REVENUE TELECOMMUNICATIONS THIRD-COUNTRY MARKETS TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE CLASSIFICATION TRADE COMPETITIVENESS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE GROWTH TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE STRUCTURE TRADE TREATIES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSITION ECONOMY TRANSPORT COSTS VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE IMPACTS WORKER RIGHTS WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO TRADE POLICY SHARED GROWTH TRADE AGREEMENTS EXPORT DATA EXPORT MARKETS AGRICULTURAL ASPECTS WELFARE ECONOMICS TRANSPORT COSTS LIBERALIZATION INVESTMENTS PROPERTY RIGHTS ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS TRADE REFORM HOUSEHOLDS SOCIAL STABILITY INCOMES SOCIAL PROTECTION FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS PORT ACCESS AIR FREIGHT Krumm, Kathie Kharas, Homi East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific East Asia |
| description |
Rapid and sustained growth in
international trade has long been a hallmark of successful
growth and development strategies in East Asia. Some success
stories are well known: those of the newly industrializing
economies (NIEs) such as the Republic of Korea, as well as
middle-income economies such as Malaysia and the transition
economy of China. More recent entrants to world markets that
have seen rapid export growth include low-income economies
such as Cambodia and Vietnam. Trade has been an important
factor in growth in the region, enabling progress in poverty
reduction. Although the 1997-98 financial crisis interrupted
this progress, recovery since then has brought poverty rates
in every emerging economy in the region to record lows, and
in economies like that of Vietnam, trade growth has brought
with it a rapid reduction in poverty. Intraregional trade in
East Asia has grown faster than trade with any other market,
and while the largest economies account for the bulk of this
trade, the regional trade of most smaller economies has also
grown. Trade integration has been marketled, stemming from a
combination of unilateral reforms, fulfillment of
multilateral commitments, and a pattern of relocation of
production processes (see Kawai and Urata 2002).
Intraregional trade has been driven not only by growing
demand but increasingly by improved competitiveness in
regional markets, as reflected in increased market shares
(Figure 1). China has been particularly dynamic, but almost
all countries increased their competitiveness in regional
markets during 1995-2001.9 This increase was accomplished
without loss of competitiveness in other markets; East Asia
continued to expand its market shares in the European Union
(EU) and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) markets
in the same period. |
| author2 |
Krumm, Kathie |
| author_facet |
Krumm, Kathie Krumm, Kathie Kharas, Homi |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Publication |
| author |
Krumm, Kathie Kharas, Homi |
| author_sort |
Krumm, Kathie |
| title |
East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| title_short |
East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| title_full |
East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| title_fullStr |
East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| title_full_unstemmed |
East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth |
| title_sort |
east asia integrates : a trade policy agenda for shared growth |
| publisher |
Washington, DC: World Bank and Oxford University Press |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3003191/east-asia-integrates-trade-policy-agenda-shared-growth http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15038 |
| _version_ |
1764425752680333312 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-150382021-04-23T14:03:12Z East Asia Integrates : A Trade Policy Agenda for Shared Growth Krumm, Kathie Kharas, Homi Krumm, Kathie Kharas, Homi AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION AGRICULTURE APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL AGREEMENTS BILATERAL TRADE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CENTRAL BANKS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVENESS COUNTRY MARKETS CURRENCY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ECONOMIC COOPERATION ECONOMIC CRISIS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION ECONOMIC POLICY ECONOMIC WELFARE EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS EMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS EXCHANGE RATE EXPORT GROWTH EXPORT MARKETS EXPORT ORIENTATION EXPORTERS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISIS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FREE TRADE FREE TRADE AREA GDP GLOBAL LIBERALIZATION GLOBAL TRADE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORT PROTECTION IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INEQUALITY INTEREST GROUPS INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION INTERNATIONAL TRADE INTRAREGIONAL TRADE INVESTMENT FLOWS INVESTMENT POLICIES INVESTOR CONFIDENCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR STANDARDS LEGAL STATUS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LIQUIDITY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MARKET ACCESS MARKET SHARE MARKET SHARES MARKET SIZE MTN MULTILATERAL COMMITMENTS NEGOTIATING POSITIONS NONTARIFF BARRIER NONTARIFF BARRIERS NONTARIFF MEASURES OPENNESS PATENTS POLICY INTEGRATION POLLUTION PREFERENTIAL TRADING PREFERENTIAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS PRODUCER SERVICES PRODUCERS PRODUCTION NETWORKS PRODUCTION PROCESSES PRODUCTIVITY QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS REAL INCOME REAL WAGES REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL MARKETS REGIONAL TRADE REGIONAL TRADE ARRANGEMENTS REGIONAL TRADING ARRANGEMENTS REGIONALISM SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SHARE OF WORLD EXPORTS SOCIAL STABILITY SUBSIDIARY RIGHTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATES TAX REVENUE TELECOMMUNICATIONS THIRD-COUNTRY MARKETS TRADE AGREEMENT TRADE BARRIERS TRADE CLASSIFICATION TRADE COMPETITIVENESS TRADE FACILITATION TRADE GROWTH TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE STRUCTURE TRADE TREATIES TRADING PARTNERS TRANSITION ECONOMY TRANSPORT COSTS VALUE ADDED WAGES WELFARE IMPACTS WORKER RIGHTS WORLD MARKETS WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO TRADE POLICY SHARED GROWTH TRADE AGREEMENTS EXPORT DATA EXPORT MARKETS AGRICULTURAL ASPECTS WELFARE ECONOMICS TRANSPORT COSTS LIBERALIZATION INVESTMENTS PROPERTY RIGHTS ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS TRADE REFORM HOUSEHOLDS SOCIAL STABILITY INCOMES SOCIAL PROTECTION FREE TRADE AGREEMENTS PORT ACCESS AIR FREIGHT Rapid and sustained growth in international trade has long been a hallmark of successful growth and development strategies in East Asia. Some success stories are well known: those of the newly industrializing economies (NIEs) such as the Republic of Korea, as well as middle-income economies such as Malaysia and the transition economy of China. More recent entrants to world markets that have seen rapid export growth include low-income economies such as Cambodia and Vietnam. Trade has been an important factor in growth in the region, enabling progress in poverty reduction. Although the 1997-98 financial crisis interrupted this progress, recovery since then has brought poverty rates in every emerging economy in the region to record lows, and in economies like that of Vietnam, trade growth has brought with it a rapid reduction in poverty. Intraregional trade in East Asia has grown faster than trade with any other market, and while the largest economies account for the bulk of this trade, the regional trade of most smaller economies has also grown. Trade integration has been marketled, stemming from a combination of unilateral reforms, fulfillment of multilateral commitments, and a pattern of relocation of production processes (see Kawai and Urata 2002). Intraregional trade has been driven not only by growing demand but increasingly by improved competitiveness in regional markets, as reflected in increased market shares (Figure 1). China has been particularly dynamic, but almost all countries increased their competitiveness in regional markets during 1995-2001.9 This increase was accomplished without loss of competitiveness in other markets; East Asia continued to expand its market shares in the European Union (EU) and North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) markets in the same period. 2013-08-12T21:09:45Z 2013-08-12T21:09:45Z 2004 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/01/3003191/east-asia-integrates-trade-policy-agenda-shared-growth 0-8213-5514-7 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15038 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank and Oxford University Press Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication East Asia and Pacific East Asia |