Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia

Historically, industrialized countries dominated trade negotiations from the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) through the lengthy Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations in the 1980s and 1990s. These negotiations establish...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	Ingco, Merlinda D.
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013
Subjects:	AGRICULTURE TRADE MARKET ACCESS TARIFF RATES IMPORTS PRICING POLICIES INCENTIVES TRADING FOOD SECURITY SANITARY MANAGEMENT PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEMS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION TRADING COMPANIES NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPORT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS POLICY OBJECTIVES VALUE ADDED TAX AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES LABOR RUBBER INDUSTRY FIELD CROPS WHEAT GRAINS WHEAT FLOUR DAIRY INDUSTRY POULTRY INDUSTRY FISH PRODUCTION FOOD AID COCONUT INDUSTRY FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES LABOR FORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH LIVESTOCK CREDIT POLICY CONSUMPTION POLICIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL TRADE CAPACITY BUILDING CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CPI CROPS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC RESEARCH EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT PERFORMANCE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS FISH FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE GDP HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT DUTIES IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ITC MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES MARKET SHARE MARKETING MEAT MILK MULTILATERAL TRADE PRICE INDEX PRICE SUPPORTS PRIMARY PRODUCTS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION RATES QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RATES OF PROTECTION REGRESSION ANALYSIS RURAL AREAS STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT SUGAR SURCHARGES TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF STRUCTURES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIMES TRADEOFFS UNILATERAL TRADE URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WTO
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/09/2811850/agriculture-trade-wto-south-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15072

id	okr-10986-15072
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-150722021-04-23T14:03:12Z Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia Ingco, Merlinda D. Ingco, Merlinda D. AGRICULTURE TRADE MARKET ACCESS TARIFF RATES IMPORTS PRICING POLICIES INCENTIVES TRADING FOOD SECURITY SANITARY MANAGEMENT PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEMS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION MARKET ACCESS TRADING COMPANIES SANITARY MANAGEMENT NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPORT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS POLICY OBJECTIVES VALUE ADDED TAX AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES LABOR RUBBER INDUSTRY FIELD CROPS WHEAT GRAINS WHEAT FLOUR DAIRY INDUSTRY POULTRY INDUSTRY FISH PRODUCTION FOOD AID COCONUT INDUSTRY FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES LABOR FORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH LIVESTOCK CREDIT POLICY CONSUMPTION POLICIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL TRADE CAPACITY BUILDING CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CPI CROPS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC RESEARCH EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT PERFORMANCE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS FISH FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT DUTIES IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ITC LABOR FORCE MARKET ACCESS MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES MARKET SHARE MARKETING MEAT MILK MULTILATERAL TRADE NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE PRICE INDEX PRICE SUPPORTS PRIMARY PRODUCTS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION RATES QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RATES OF PROTECTION REGRESSION ANALYSIS RURAL AREAS STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT SUGAR SURCHARGES TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIMES TRADEOFFS UNILATERAL TRADE URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Historically, industrialized countries dominated trade negotiations from the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) through the lengthy Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations in the 1980s and 1990s. These negotiations established the World Trade Organization (WTO)-the GATT's successor organization-and formulated the UR Agreement on Agriculture (AoA). Even though developing countries possibly have the most to gain from a substantial reduction of existing export subsidies and removal of other trade impediments (Gorter, Ingco, and Ruiz 2000; Ingco 1995), these countries have been the most powerless, and the most ineffective. This is why it is imperative that developing countries, particularly those in South Asia, seize the moment to actively participate in this process of shaping a more globally integrated economic environment and to convey, for instance, their experience from implementing the reduction commitments and the effect of those commitments under the URAoA, the consequence of Special and Differential (S&D) Treatment, and their concerns regarding food security and the environment and the possible negative effects of the execution of the reform program. The new round, it is hoped, will cover broader issues, with established deadlines and room for tradeoffs. 2013-08-14T19:09:31Z 2013-08-14T19:09:31Z 2003-09-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/09/2811850/agriculture-trade-wto-south-asia 0-8213-5159-1 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15072 English en_US Directions in Development; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication South Asia South Asia
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGRICULTURE TRADE MARKET ACCESS TARIFF RATES IMPORTS PRICING POLICIES INCENTIVES TRADING FOOD SECURITY SANITARY MANAGEMENT PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEMS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION MARKET ACCESS TRADING COMPANIES SANITARY MANAGEMENT NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPORT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS POLICY OBJECTIVES VALUE ADDED TAX AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES LABOR RUBBER INDUSTRY FIELD CROPS WHEAT GRAINS WHEAT FLOUR DAIRY INDUSTRY POULTRY INDUSTRY FISH PRODUCTION FOOD AID COCONUT INDUSTRY FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES LABOR FORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH LIVESTOCK CREDIT POLICY CONSUMPTION POLICIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL TRADE CAPACITY BUILDING CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CPI CROPS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC RESEARCH EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT PERFORMANCE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS FISH FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT DUTIES IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ITC LABOR FORCE MARKET ACCESS MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES MARKET SHARE MARKETING MEAT MILK MULTILATERAL TRADE NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE PRICE INDEX PRICE SUPPORTS PRIMARY PRODUCTS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION RATES QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RATES OF PROTECTION REGRESSION ANALYSIS RURAL AREAS STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT SUGAR SURCHARGES TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIMES TRADEOFFS UNILATERAL TRADE URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO
spellingShingle	AGRICULTURE TRADE MARKET ACCESS TARIFF RATES IMPORTS PRICING POLICIES INCENTIVES TRADING FOOD SECURITY SANITARY MANAGEMENT PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEMS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION MARKET ACCESS TRADING COMPANIES SANITARY MANAGEMENT NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE AGRICULTURAL PRICES GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT TRADE LIBERALIZATION EXPORT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS POLICY OBJECTIVES VALUE ADDED TAX AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES LABOR RUBBER INDUSTRY FIELD CROPS WHEAT GRAINS WHEAT FLOUR DAIRY INDUSTRY POULTRY INDUSTRY FISH PRODUCTION FOOD AID COCONUT INDUSTRY FERTILIZER SUBSIDIES LABOR FORCE ECONOMIC GROWTH LIVESTOCK CREDIT POLICY CONSUMPTION POLICIES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AGRICULTURAL TRADE AGRICULTURE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES APPLIED TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFF AVERAGE TARIFFS BILATERAL TRADE CAPACITY BUILDING CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CPI CROPS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DOMESTIC PRODUCTION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC RESEARCH EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORT PERFORMANCE EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORTS FISH FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT DUTIES IMPORT TARIFFS IMPORTS INCOME INSURANCE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL MARKETS ITC LABOR FORCE MARKET ACCESS MARKET ACCESS OPPORTUNITIES MARKET SHARE MARKETING MEAT MILK MULTILATERAL TRADE NOMINAL PROTECTION RATE PRICE INDEX PRICE SUPPORTS PRIMARY PRODUCTS PROPERTY RIGHTS PROTECTION RATES QUANTITATIVE RESTRICTIONS RATES OF PROTECTION REGRESSION ANALYSIS RURAL AREAS STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT SUGAR SURCHARGES TARIFF EQUIVALENTS TARIFF LEVELS TARIFF RATE TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TERMS OF TRADE TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE NEGOTIATIONS TRADE POLICY TRADE PREFERENCES TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIMES TRADEOFFS UNILATERAL TRADE URUGUAY ROUND WORLD TRADE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO Ingco, Merlinda D. Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
geographic_facet	South Asia South Asia
relation	Directions in Development;
description	Historically, industrialized countries dominated trade negotiations from the establishment of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) through the lengthy Uruguay Round (UR) negotiations in the 1980s and 1990s. These negotiations established the World Trade Organization (WTO)-the GATT's successor organization-and formulated the UR Agreement on Agriculture (AoA). Even though developing countries possibly have the most to gain from a substantial reduction of existing export subsidies and removal of other trade impediments (Gorter, Ingco, and Ruiz 2000; Ingco 1995), these countries have been the most powerless, and the most ineffective. This is why it is imperative that developing countries, particularly those in South Asia, seize the moment to actively participate in this process of shaping a more globally integrated economic environment and to convey, for instance, their experience from implementing the reduction commitments and the effect of those commitments under the URAoA, the consequence of Special and Differential (S&D) Treatment, and their concerns regarding food security and the environment and the possible negative effects of the execution of the reform program. The new round, it is hoped, will cover broader issues, with established deadlines and room for tradeoffs.
author2	Ingco, Merlinda D.
author_facet	Ingco, Merlinda D. Ingco, Merlinda D.
format	Publications & Research :: Publication
author	Ingco, Merlinda D.
author_sort	Ingco, Merlinda D.
title	Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
title_short	Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
title_full	Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
title_fullStr	Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
title_full_unstemmed	Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia
title_sort	agriculture, trade, and the wto in south asia
publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/09/2811850/agriculture-trade-wto-south-asia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15072
_version_	1764425521026826240

Agriculture, Trade, and the WTO in South Asia

Similar Items