Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region
Since the early 1990s, Jordan has initiated efforts toward far-reaching stabilization and structural reform. The reforms have aimed at laying the foundations for a reduced role of the state, private-sector-export-oriented-growth, employment, povert...
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| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2013
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075835/jordan-development-policy-review-reforming-state-volatile-region http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15327 |
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okr-10986-15327 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURE AIR AQUIFERS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BUDGET DEFICITS BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS LAW CAPITA GROWTH CENTRAL BANK CLIMATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEBT DECISION MAKING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS EDUCATION LEVEL EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MANAGEMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH RATE HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS IMPROVED ENVIRONMENT INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME LEVELS INDEXATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE INSURANCE INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS JOB MARKET KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAND USE LAWS LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL CONDITIONS LOCAL SERVICES LONG TERM LONG- TERM COMMITMENT LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MEDICAL SERVICES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIGRATION MONETARY POLICY MORTALITY NATURAL ENDOWMENTS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OVERVALUATION PARTNERSHIP PENSION SYSTEM POLICY CHOICES POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY OPTIONS POLICY RESPONSE POLICY REVIEW POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRENDS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBATE PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES QUALITY OF LIFE REAL GDP RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETIREMENT SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTORAL COMPOSITION SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INDICATORS SOCIAL SECURITY STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSACTION COSTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUE ADDED VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGES WATER RESOURCES WATER SUPPLY WORKERS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO MACROECONOMIC STABILITY GOVERNMENT ROLE PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CURRENT ACCOUNT BUDGET REFORM TAX ADMINISTRATION SUBSIDIZATION SUBSIDY REDUCTION TRADE LIBERALIZATION MONETARY POLICY FISCAL POLICY EXCHANGE RATE POLICY PRICING PRIVATIZATION OF SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITY REGULATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY WATER MANAGEMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION SKILL SHORTAGES PUBLIC SECTOR WAGES EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY WATER SHORTAGES JUDICIAL REFORM INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY INFORMATION DISSEMINATION LEGAL INFORMATION ENFORCEMENT POWERS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION BUSINESS LAW COMMERCIAL LAW |
| spellingShingle |
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURE AIR AQUIFERS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BUDGET DEFICITS BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS LAW CAPITA GROWTH CENTRAL BANK CLIMATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEBT DECISION MAKING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS EDUCATION LEVEL EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MANAGEMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH RATE HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS IMPROVED ENVIRONMENT INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME LEVELS INDEXATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE INSURANCE INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS JOB MARKET KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAND USE LAWS LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL CONDITIONS LOCAL SERVICES LONG TERM LONG- TERM COMMITMENT LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MEDICAL SERVICES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIGRATION MONETARY POLICY MORTALITY NATURAL ENDOWMENTS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OVERVALUATION PARTNERSHIP PENSION SYSTEM POLICY CHOICES POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY OPTIONS POLICY RESPONSE POLICY REVIEW POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRENDS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBATE PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES QUALITY OF LIFE REAL GDP RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETIREMENT SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTORAL COMPOSITION SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INDICATORS SOCIAL SECURITY STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSACTION COSTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUE ADDED VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGES WATER RESOURCES WATER SUPPLY WORKERS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO MACROECONOMIC STABILITY GOVERNMENT ROLE PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CURRENT ACCOUNT BUDGET REFORM TAX ADMINISTRATION SUBSIDIZATION SUBSIDY REDUCTION TRADE LIBERALIZATION MONETARY POLICY FISCAL POLICY EXCHANGE RATE POLICY PRICING PRIVATIZATION OF SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITY REGULATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY WATER MANAGEMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION SKILL SHORTAGES PUBLIC SECTOR WAGES EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY WATER SHORTAGES JUDICIAL REFORM INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY INFORMATION DISSEMINATION LEGAL INFORMATION ENFORCEMENT POWERS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION BUSINESS LAW COMMERCIAL LAW World Bank Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa Jordan |
| description |
Since the early 1990s, Jordan has
initiated efforts toward far-reaching stabilization and
structural reform. The reforms have aimed at laying the
foundations for a reduced role of the state,
private-sector-export-oriented-growth, employment, poverty
reduction, and overall improvement in the welfare of the
population. Due to this intensive effort, inflation has been
reduced, the current account of the balance of payments has
been stabilized, and budget deficits have been reduced. In
addition, structural reforms have encompassed domestic
taxation/subsidy policies, trade liberalization policies,
monetary/financial sector policies, exchange rate policies,
administered prices, and privatization. The reforms
initiated since 1989 have made Jordan one of the leaders of
reform in the Middle East and north Africa region, despite
its experiencing several changes in government and adverse
external shocks in the 1990s. The country has further
integrated into the global economy, with a major shift in
trade policy that included an Association Agreement with the
European Union in 1999, membership in the World Trade
Organization in 2000, and a free-trade agreement with the
USA in 2001. Jordan has achieved progress in privatization,
most notably in public utilities. Despite deep structural
reforms and macroeconomic stability, strong and sustainable
growth in real output has been elusive. Three factors have
been identified as major constraints to faster growth: 1)
external volatility and adverse regional neighborhood
effects; 2) slow response of private investment, both in its
level and in terms of productivity; and 3) significant
export competitiveness problems. Increasing growth
performance as a means to reduce poverty and improve the
welfare of Jordanians is the first key development challenge
identified in this Development Policy Review. The other key
development challenge in Jordan is to improve the quality
and efficiency of its core public services. Efficient
delivery of public services is especially critical in
education and health and in the water sectors. |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| title_short |
Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| title_full |
Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| title_fullStr |
Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region |
| title_sort |
jordan - development policy review : a reforming state in a volatile region |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075835/jordan-development-policy-review-reforming-state-volatile-region http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15327 |
| _version_ |
1764426984275836928 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-153272021-04-23T14:03:15Z Jordan - Development Policy Review : A Reforming State in a Volatile Region World Bank ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURE AIR AQUIFERS BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BUDGET DEFICITS BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS LAW CAPITA GROWTH CENTRAL BANK CLIMATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSUMER PRICE INDEX CONSUMERS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEBT DECISION MAKING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISPOSABLE INCOME ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC OUTLOOK ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC PROJECTIONS EDUCATION LEVEL EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE MANAGEMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPORTS EXTERNAL DEBT FREE TRADE GDP GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROWTH RATE HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS IMPROVED ENVIRONMENT INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME LEVELS INDEXATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE INSURANCE INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS JOB MARKET KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAND USE LAWS LEGISLATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL CONDITIONS LOCAL SERVICES LONG TERM LONG- TERM COMMITMENT LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICY MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MEDICAL SERVICES MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES MIGRATION MONETARY POLICY MORTALITY NATURAL ENDOWMENTS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES OVERVALUATION PARTNERSHIP PENSION SYSTEM POLICY CHOICES POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY OPTIONS POLICY RESPONSE POLICY REVIEW POPULATION GROWTH POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TRENDS PRIVATE SECTOR PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC DEBATE PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITIES QUALITY OF LIFE REAL GDP RECURRENT EXPENDITURES REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RETIREMENT SECTOR EMPLOYMENT SECTORAL COMPOSITION SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE DELIVERY MECHANISMS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL INDICATORS SOCIAL SECURITY STRUCTURAL REFORM STRUCTURAL REFORMS SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TAX REVENUE TAX REVENUES TELECOMMUNICATIONS TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRANSACTION COSTS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUE ADDED VOCATIONAL TRAINING WAGES WATER RESOURCES WATER SUPPLY WORKERS WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION WTO MACROECONOMIC STABILITY GOVERNMENT ROLE PRIVATE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT BALANCE OF PAYMENTS CURRENT ACCOUNT BUDGET REFORM TAX ADMINISTRATION SUBSIDIZATION SUBSIDY REDUCTION TRADE LIBERALIZATION MONETARY POLICY FISCAL POLICY EXCHANGE RATE POLICY PRICING PRIVATIZATION OF SERVICES PUBLIC UTILITY REGULATION WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION EXTERNAL SHOCKS EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY WATER MANAGEMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION SKILL SHORTAGES PUBLIC SECTOR WAGES EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY WATER SHORTAGES JUDICIAL REFORM INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY INFORMATION DISSEMINATION LEGAL INFORMATION ENFORCEMENT POWERS ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION STAKEHOLDER PARTICIPATION BUSINESS LAW COMMERCIAL LAW Since the early 1990s, Jordan has initiated efforts toward far-reaching stabilization and structural reform. The reforms have aimed at laying the foundations for a reduced role of the state, private-sector-export-oriented-growth, employment, poverty reduction, and overall improvement in the welfare of the population. Due to this intensive effort, inflation has been reduced, the current account of the balance of payments has been stabilized, and budget deficits have been reduced. In addition, structural reforms have encompassed domestic taxation/subsidy policies, trade liberalization policies, monetary/financial sector policies, exchange rate policies, administered prices, and privatization. The reforms initiated since 1989 have made Jordan one of the leaders of reform in the Middle East and north Africa region, despite its experiencing several changes in government and adverse external shocks in the 1990s. The country has further integrated into the global economy, with a major shift in trade policy that included an Association Agreement with the European Union in 1999, membership in the World Trade Organization in 2000, and a free-trade agreement with the USA in 2001. Jordan has achieved progress in privatization, most notably in public utilities. Despite deep structural reforms and macroeconomic stability, strong and sustainable growth in real output has been elusive. Three factors have been identified as major constraints to faster growth: 1) external volatility and adverse regional neighborhood effects; 2) slow response of private investment, both in its level and in terms of productivity; and 3) significant export competitiveness problems. Increasing growth performance as a means to reduce poverty and improve the welfare of Jordanians is the first key development challenge identified in this Development Policy Review. The other key development challenge in Jordan is to improve the quality and efficiency of its core public services. Efficient delivery of public services is especially critical in education and health and in the water sectors. 2013-08-23T19:29:17Z 2013-08-23T19:29:17Z 2002-11-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/11/2075835/jordan-development-policy-review-reforming-state-volatile-region http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15327 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Middle East and North Africa Jordan |