FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review

The review was undertaken, and completed against a background of substantial political economic disruption: the Kosovo crisis of 1999 threatened to undermine the country's accomplishments in building macroeconomic, and fiscal stability; and, t...

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Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Public Expenditure Review
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2013
Subjects:	PUBLIC EXPENDITURES INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE POLITICAL FACTORS MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION FISCAL PRESSURES SECURITY MEASURES CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS FISCAL POLICY ECONOMIC GROWTH EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS PUBLIC SPENDING TAX ENFORCEMENT REVENUE MEASURES BUDGET PROCESS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK POLICY COORDINATION INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY CAPACITY BUILDING LEGAL FRAMEWORK POLICY REFORM SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCOUNTABILITY ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS ACCOUNTING ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGIES BUDGET EXECUTION BUDGET FORMULATION BUDGET MANAGEMENT BUDGET REFORM BUDGET REFORMS BUDGETARY FUNDS CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CAPITALIZATION CENTRAL AGENCIES CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CITIZENS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRY'S COMPETITIVENESS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKERS DECISION-MAKING DEFICITS DEPOSIT INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT GOALS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXECUTION EXTERNAL DEBT FINANCIAL CONTROL FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCING SOURCES FISCAL FISCAL COSTS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL PROBLEMS FISCAL REFORM FISCAL REFORMS FISCAL YEAR FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT REVENUES HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPROVED ACCESS INFLATION INFORMAL ECONOMY INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INSURANCE INTERNAL AUDIT INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS INVESTMENT SPENDING LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAWS LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT LOCAL LEVEL MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MINISTRY OF FINANCE PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHOICES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKING POLICY OPTIONS POLICY PROCESS POLICY REVIEW POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TARGETING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIORITY AREAS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATION AGENCY PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AGENCIES PUBLIC BUDGET PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC ENTERPRISES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC REVENUES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES RATIONALIZATION REGULATORY REGIME REHABILITATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RESOURCES MANAGEMENT RETIREMENT REVENUE SOURCES SECTOR PROVIDERS SECURITIES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE QUALITY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS SOCIAL SERVICES STRUCTURAL CHANGE STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX TAX OBLIGATIONS TAX REVENUES TEAM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRADEOFFS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS URBAN PLANNING WAGES WORKING
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/04/1754761/macedonia-public-expenditure-institutional-review http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15427

id	okr-10986-15427
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	PUBLIC EXPENDITURES INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE POLITICAL FACTORS MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION FISCAL PRESSURES SECURITY MEASURES CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS FISCAL POLICY ECONOMIC GROWTH EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS PUBLIC SPENDING TAX ENFORCEMENT REVENUE MEASURES BUDGET PROCESS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK POLICY COORDINATION INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY CAPACITY BUILDING LEGAL FRAMEWORK POLICY REFORM SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCOUNTABILITY ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS ACCOUNTING ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGIES BUDGET EXECUTION BUDGET FORMULATION BUDGET MANAGEMENT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET REFORM BUDGET REFORMS BUDGETARY FUNDS CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CAPITALIZATION CENTRAL AGENCIES CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CITIZENS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRY'S COMPETITIVENESS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKERS DECISION-MAKING DEFICITS DEPOSIT INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT GOALS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXECUTION EXTERNAL DEBT FINANCIAL CONTROL FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCING SOURCES FISCAL FISCAL COSTS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL PROBLEMS FISCAL REFORM FISCAL REFORMS FISCAL YEAR FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT REVENUES HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPROVED ACCESS INFLATION INFORMAL ECONOMY INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INSURANCE INTERNAL AUDIT INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS INVESTMENT SPENDING LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT LOCAL LEVEL MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MINISTRY OF FINANCE PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHOICES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKING POLICY OPTIONS POLICY PROCESS POLICY REVIEW POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TARGETING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIORITY AREAS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATION AGENCY PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AGENCIES PUBLIC BUDGET PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC ENTERPRISES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC REVENUES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES RATIONALIZATION REGULATORY REGIME REHABILITATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RESOURCES MANAGEMENT RETIREMENT REVENUE SOURCES SECTOR PROVIDERS SECURITIES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE QUALITY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS SOCIAL SERVICES STRUCTURAL CHANGE STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX TAX OBLIGATIONS TAX REVENUES TEAM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRADEOFFS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS URBAN PLANNING WAGES WORKING
spellingShingle	PUBLIC EXPENDITURES INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE POLITICAL FACTORS MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION FISCAL PRESSURES SECURITY MEASURES CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS FISCAL POLICY ECONOMIC GROWTH EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS PUBLIC SPENDING TAX ENFORCEMENT REVENUE MEASURES BUDGET PROCESS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK POLICY COORDINATION INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY CAPACITY BUILDING LEGAL FRAMEWORK POLICY REFORM SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCOUNTABILITY ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS ACCOUNTING ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGIES BUDGET EXECUTION BUDGET FORMULATION BUDGET MANAGEMENT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET REFORM BUDGET REFORMS BUDGETARY FUNDS CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CAPITALIZATION CENTRAL AGENCIES CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CITIZENS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRY'S COMPETITIVENESS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKERS DECISION-MAKING DEFICITS DEPOSIT INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT GOALS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXECUTION EXTERNAL DEBT FINANCIAL CONTROL FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCING SOURCES FISCAL FISCAL COSTS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL PROBLEMS FISCAL REFORM FISCAL REFORMS FISCAL YEAR FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT REVENUES HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPROVED ACCESS INFLATION INFORMAL ECONOMY INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INSURANCE INTERNAL AUDIT INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS INVESTMENT SPENDING LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT LOCAL LEVEL MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MINISTRY OF FINANCE PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHOICES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKING POLICY OPTIONS POLICY PROCESS POLICY REVIEW POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TARGETING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIORITY AREAS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATION AGENCY PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AGENCIES PUBLIC BUDGET PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC ENTERPRISES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC REVENUES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES RATIONALIZATION REGULATORY REGIME REHABILITATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RESOURCES MANAGEMENT RETIREMENT REVENUE SOURCES SECTOR PROVIDERS SECURITIES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE QUALITY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS SOCIAL SERVICES STRUCTURAL CHANGE STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX TAX OBLIGATIONS TAX REVENUES TEAM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRADEOFFS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS URBAN PLANNING WAGES WORKING World Bank FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia)
description	The review was undertaken, and completed against a background of substantial political economic disruption: the Kosovo crisis of 1999 threatened to undermine the country's accomplishments in building macroeconomic, and fiscal stability; and, the security crisis of 2001, tested once again Macedonia's political, and economic integrity. Both instances were successfully surpassed, showing significant steps towards becoming a market oriented state within the European context, and, in its willingness to accept, and ratify the Peace Agreement of November 2001. But, expenditure pressures rose, leading to additional spending, while revenues declined owing to economic weakness, and decreased tax enforcement; clearly, fiscal stability stands on the balance. Not surprising, the quality of expenditures became an important issue, for although acceptable aggregate targets were being achieved, the budget's economic composition was not suited for promoting economic growth. Institutional aspects show that budget preparation, and processes provide no link between policy commitments, and available resources, aggravated by unfounded credibility on the budget, as an instrument for policy formation. Recommendations call for improved resource allocation within fiscal constraints, i.e., reducing public resources, and, laying the foundation for a budget process legal framework. In addition, reforms should be institutionalized through accountability, and capacity building.
format	Economic & Sector Work :: Public Expenditure Review
author	World Bank
author_facet	World Bank
author_sort	World Bank
title	FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
title_short	FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
title_full	FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
title_fullStr	FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
title_full_unstemmed	FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review
title_sort	fyr of macedonia : public expenditure and institutional review
publisher	Washington, DC
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/04/1754761/macedonia-public-expenditure-institutional-review http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15427
_version_	1764426925140344832
spelling	okr-10986-154272021-04-23T14:03:14Z FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review World Bank PUBLIC EXPENDITURES INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE POLITICAL FACTORS MACROECONOMIC STABILIZATION FISCAL PRESSURES SECURITY MEASURES CONFLICT RESOLUTION SKILLS FISCAL POLICY ECONOMIC GROWTH EXPENDITURE ANALYSIS PUBLIC SPENDING TAX ENFORCEMENT REVENUE MEASURES BUDGET PROCESS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK POLICY COORDINATION INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS POLICY IMPLEMENTATION FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY CAPACITY BUILDING LEGAL FRAMEWORK POLICY REFORM SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACCOUNTABILITY ACCOUNTABILITY MECHANISMS ACCOUNTING ALLOCATION OF RESOURCES ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGIES BUDGET EXECUTION BUDGET FORMULATION BUDGET MANAGEMENT BUDGET PROCESS BUDGET REFORM BUDGET REFORMS BUDGETARY FUNDS CAPACITY BUILDING CAPITAL EXPENDITURES CAPITALIZATION CENTRAL AGENCIES CENTRAL GOVERNMENT CITIZENS CIVIL SERVICE CIVIL SOCIETY COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION COUNTRY'S COMPETITIVENESS CPI CURRENCY UNIT DECENTRALIZATION DECISION MAKERS DECISION-MAKING DEFICITS DEPOSIT INSURANCE DEVELOPMENT GOALS DONOR COMMUNITY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE EXECUTION EXTERNAL DEBT FINANCIAL CONTROL FINANCIAL INFORMATION FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCING SOURCES FISCAL FISCAL COSTS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL DISCIPLINE FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL PROBLEMS FISCAL REFORM FISCAL REFORMS FISCAL YEAR FOREIGN CURRENCY DEPOSITS FOREIGN DEBT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTMENT GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS GOVERNMENT PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT POLICY GOVERNMENT REVENUES HEALTH INSURANCE HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCES IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPROVED ACCESS INFLATION INFORMAL ECONOMY INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INSTITUTIONAL CONSTRAINTS INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INSURANCE INTERNAL AUDIT INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS INVESTMENT SPENDING LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LAWS LEGAL FRAMEWORK LEGISLATION LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT LOCAL LEVEL MACROECONOMIC FRAMEWORK MACROECONOMIC STABILITY MINISTRY OF FINANCE PENSION SYSTEM PENSIONS PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL POLICY ANALYSIS POLICY CHOICES POLICY DECISIONS POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKING POLICY OPTIONS POLICY PROCESS POLICY REVIEW POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS POVERTY LEVELS POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY TARGETING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIORITY AREAS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATIZATION PRIVATIZATION AGENCY PRODUCTIVITY PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION PUBLIC AGENCIES PUBLIC BUDGET PUBLIC DEBT PUBLIC ENTERPRISES PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS PUBLIC OFFICIALS PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PUBLIC POLICY PUBLIC RESOURCES PUBLIC REVENUES PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES RATIONALIZATION REGULATORY REGIME REHABILITATION RESOURCE ALLOCATION RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS RESOURCES MANAGEMENT RETIREMENT REVENUE SOURCES SECTOR PROVIDERS SECURITIES SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE QUALITY SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL PROTECTION PROGRAMS SOCIAL SERVICES STRUCTURAL CHANGE STRUCTURAL REFORMS TAX TAX OBLIGATIONS TAX REVENUES TEAM TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TRADEOFFS TRANSPARENCY TREASURY UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS URBAN PLANNING WAGES WORKING The review was undertaken, and completed against a background of substantial political economic disruption: the Kosovo crisis of 1999 threatened to undermine the country's accomplishments in building macroeconomic, and fiscal stability; and, the security crisis of 2001, tested once again Macedonia's political, and economic integrity. Both instances were successfully surpassed, showing significant steps towards becoming a market oriented state within the European context, and, in its willingness to accept, and ratify the Peace Agreement of November 2001. But, expenditure pressures rose, leading to additional spending, while revenues declined owing to economic weakness, and decreased tax enforcement; clearly, fiscal stability stands on the balance. Not surprising, the quality of expenditures became an important issue, for although acceptable aggregate targets were being achieved, the budget's economic composition was not suited for promoting economic growth. Institutional aspects show that budget preparation, and processes provide no link between policy commitments, and available resources, aggravated by unfounded credibility on the budget, as an instrument for policy formation. Recommendations call for improved resource allocation within fiscal constraints, i.e., reducing public resources, and, laying the foundation for a budget process legal framework. In addition, reforms should be institutionalized through accountability, and capacity building. 2013-08-28T15:53:18Z 2013-08-28T15:53:18Z 2002-04-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/04/1754761/macedonia-public-expenditure-institutional-review http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15427 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Public Expenditure Review Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic of North Macedonia (Formerly the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia)

FYR of Macedonia : Public Expenditure and Institutional Review

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