Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland
This report builds on the wealth of existing literature on living standards and inequality in Poland and is intended to continue the ongoing debate. The focus is on lack of access to economic opportunities as the most important dimension of poverty...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Poverty Assessment |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2013
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/03/3060456/poland-growth-employment-living-standards-pre-accession-poland http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15542 |
| id |
okr-10986-15542 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
INEQUALITY REDUCTION; SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIAL INCLUSION; MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS; SKILLS RETRAINING; EMPLOYMENT CREATION POLICIES; SOCIAL SAFETY NETS; SOCIAL TRANSFERS; EUROPEAN UNION MEMBERSHIP; PRICE STRUCTURES; POVERTY INDICATORS; EDUCATIONAL LEVEL; ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS; GENDER ISSUES; ALCOHOLISM & EMPLOYMENT; INFORMAL COMMUNICATION; HOUSEHOLD INCOME INDICATORS; HOUSEHOLD BUDGET SURVEY; EMPLOYMENT SKILLS; UNEMPLOYMENT RATES; WAGE INEQUALITY; REGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIES; LONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENT; LABOR DEMAND INFORMATION; LABOR MOBILITY; ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION; LABOR MARKET POLICIES; LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT; MACROECONOMIC POLICIES ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESSION COUNTRIES ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS AGGREGATE LEVEL AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM AVERAGE CONSUMPTION CHRONIC POVERTY CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION CORRUPTION CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEREGULATION ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ESTIMATED ELASTICITY EXCHANGE RATE EXTREME POVERTY FARMS FINANCIAL CRISIS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH INCIDENCE GROWTH RATES HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH GROWTH HIGH POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LABOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INFORMAL NETWORKS INFORMAL SAFETY INSURANCE INTERVENTION LABOR COSTS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT MARKET LIBERALIZATION MINIMUM WAGES MPC NEGATIVE EFFECT POLICY MAKERS POLICY REFORMS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY DECLINE POVERTY GAP POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY TRAP PRODUCTIVITY PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REGIONAL INEQUALITIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RURAL AREAS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SOCIAL AID SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL STUDIES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TASK TEAM LEADER TAXATION TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION URBAN AREAS WAGES WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
INEQUALITY REDUCTION; SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIAL INCLUSION; MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS; SKILLS RETRAINING; EMPLOYMENT CREATION POLICIES; SOCIAL SAFETY NETS; SOCIAL TRANSFERS; EUROPEAN UNION MEMBERSHIP; PRICE STRUCTURES; POVERTY INDICATORS; EDUCATIONAL LEVEL; ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS; GENDER ISSUES; ALCOHOLISM & EMPLOYMENT; INFORMAL COMMUNICATION; HOUSEHOLD INCOME INDICATORS; HOUSEHOLD BUDGET SURVEY; EMPLOYMENT SKILLS; UNEMPLOYMENT RATES; WAGE INEQUALITY; REGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIES; LONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENT; LABOR DEMAND INFORMATION; LABOR MOBILITY; ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION; LABOR MARKET POLICIES; LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT; MACROECONOMIC POLICIES ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESSION COUNTRIES ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS AGGREGATE LEVEL AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM AVERAGE CONSUMPTION CHRONIC POVERTY CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION CORRUPTION CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEREGULATION ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ESTIMATED ELASTICITY EXCHANGE RATE EXTREME POVERTY FARMS FINANCIAL CRISIS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH INCIDENCE GROWTH RATES HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH GROWTH HIGH POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LABOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INFORMAL NETWORKS INFORMAL SAFETY INSURANCE INTERVENTION LABOR COSTS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT MARKET LIBERALIZATION MINIMUM WAGES MPC NEGATIVE EFFECT POLICY MAKERS POLICY REFORMS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY DECLINE POVERTY GAP POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY TRAP PRODUCTIVITY PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REGIONAL INEQUALITIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RURAL AREAS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SOCIAL AID SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL STUDIES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TASK TEAM LEADER TAXATION TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION URBAN AREAS WAGES WORKERS World Bank Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Poland |
| description |
This report builds on the wealth of
existing literature on living standards and inequality in
Poland and is intended to continue the ongoing debate. The
focus is on lack of access to economic opportunities as the
most important dimension of poverty in Poland and one that
is strongly associated with social exclusion, vulnerability
and other dimensions of poverty. The report's main
objectives are to: (i) describe what happened to Polish
living standards after the "shock therapy" of the
early 1990s and in the less prosperous last five years; (ii)
highlight the main factors behind the recent increase in
poverty and inequality; (iii) identify the main risk factors
associated with social exclusion and "transient"
and "permanent" poverty in pre-accession Poland;
(iv) address the growth of a hard-core of chronic poverty;
and (v) point to policy measures that may help Poland to
move closer to the Lisbon targets for employment and social
inclusion. This report consists of two volumes. Volume 1
presents the main findings and their policy implications. It
begins with a general overview of the macroeconomic climate
and its changes over the transition period. It then moves on
to address the links between economic growth and poverty
reduction in the high growth years (when poverty declined
considerably) and in the following slow-down in growth
(during which poverty increased). A description of the
poverty profile and its changes over the last decade follows
and leads to an analysis of the strong link between skills
levels, employment opportunities and social inclusion as a
way of avoiding poverty. Particular attention is paid to
the growing divide between the chronically poor and the rest
of the population. The role of social transfers as an
important safety net for the most vulnerable (but also a
potential barrier to effective long-term poverty reduction)
is then discussed, along with the role currently played by
civil society and informal networks as non-governmental
safety nets. Finally some options are presented on policies
that may help to meet the European Union targets for
employment, social inclusion and reduction in inequalities. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Poverty Assessment |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| title_short |
Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| title_full |
Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| title_fullStr |
Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland |
| title_sort |
growth, employment and living standards in pre-accession poland |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2013 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/03/3060456/poland-growth-employment-living-standards-pre-accession-poland http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15542 |
| _version_ |
1764428490520657920 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-155422021-04-23T14:03:17Z Growth, Employment and Living Standards in Pre-Accession Poland World Bank INEQUALITY REDUCTION; SOCIAL EXCLUSION; SOCIAL INCLUSION; MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS; SKILLS RETRAINING; EMPLOYMENT CREATION POLICIES; SOCIAL SAFETY NETS; SOCIAL TRANSFERS; EUROPEAN UNION MEMBERSHIP; PRICE STRUCTURES; POVERTY INDICATORS; EDUCATIONAL LEVEL; ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS; GENDER ISSUES; ALCOHOLISM & EMPLOYMENT; INFORMAL COMMUNICATION; HOUSEHOLD INCOME INDICATORS; HOUSEHOLD BUDGET SURVEY; EMPLOYMENT SKILLS; UNEMPLOYMENT RATES; WAGE INEQUALITY; REGIONAL INCOME DISPARITIES; LONG TERM UNEMPLOYMENT; LABOR DEMAND INFORMATION; LABOR MOBILITY; ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROMOTION; LABOR MARKET POLICIES; LIVING STANDARDS MEASUREMENT; MACROECONOMIC POLICIES ABSOLUTE POVERTY ACCESSION COUNTRIES ADMINISTRATIVE BARRIERS AGGREGATE LEVEL AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY ALCOHOL ALCOHOLISM AVERAGE CONSUMPTION CHRONIC POVERTY CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION CORRUPTION CPI CURRENCY UNIT DEREGULATION ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC ANALYSES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS ESTIMATED ELASTICITY EXCHANGE RATE EXTREME POVERTY FARMS FINANCIAL CRISIS GENDER INEQUALITIES GENDER INEQUALITY GINI COEFFICIENT GROWTH EFFECT GROWTH ELASTICITY GROWTH INCIDENCE GROWTH RATES HEADCOUNT INDEX HIGH GROWTH HIGH POVERTY HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LABOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INCOME POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INFORMAL NETWORKS INFORMAL SAFETY INSURANCE INTERVENTION LABOR COSTS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE SURVEY LABOR MARKET LIVING STANDARD LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM UNEMPLOYMENT MARKET LIBERALIZATION MINIMUM WAGES MPC NEGATIVE EFFECT POLICY MAKERS POLICY REFORMS POOR HOUSEHOLDS POVERTY DECLINE POVERTY GAP POVERTY HEADCOUNT POVERTY INCREASE POVERTY INDICATORS POVERTY LINE POVERTY LINES POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY RISK POVERTY TRAP PRODUCTIVITY PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY REGIONAL INEQUALITIES RELATIVE IMPORTANCE RURAL AREAS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SOCIAL AID SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SERVICES SOCIAL STUDIES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TASK TEAM LEADER TAXATION TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSITION PROCESS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTION URBAN AREAS WAGES WORKERS This report builds on the wealth of existing literature on living standards and inequality in Poland and is intended to continue the ongoing debate. The focus is on lack of access to economic opportunities as the most important dimension of poverty in Poland and one that is strongly associated with social exclusion, vulnerability and other dimensions of poverty. The report's main objectives are to: (i) describe what happened to Polish living standards after the "shock therapy" of the early 1990s and in the less prosperous last five years; (ii) highlight the main factors behind the recent increase in poverty and inequality; (iii) identify the main risk factors associated with social exclusion and "transient" and "permanent" poverty in pre-accession Poland; (iv) address the growth of a hard-core of chronic poverty; and (v) point to policy measures that may help Poland to move closer to the Lisbon targets for employment and social inclusion. This report consists of two volumes. Volume 1 presents the main findings and their policy implications. It begins with a general overview of the macroeconomic climate and its changes over the transition period. It then moves on to address the links between economic growth and poverty reduction in the high growth years (when poverty declined considerably) and in the following slow-down in growth (during which poverty increased). A description of the poverty profile and its changes over the last decade follows and leads to an analysis of the strong link between skills levels, employment opportunities and social inclusion as a way of avoiding poverty. Particular attention is paid to the growing divide between the chronically poor and the rest of the population. The role of social transfers as an important safety net for the most vulnerable (but also a potential barrier to effective long-term poverty reduction) is then discussed, along with the role currently played by civil society and informal networks as non-governmental safety nets. Finally some options are presented on policies that may help to meet the European Union targets for employment, social inclusion and reduction in inequalities. 2013-09-03T21:03:10Z 2013-09-03T21:03:10Z 2004-03-22 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2004/03/3060456/poland-growth-employment-living-standards-pre-accession-poland http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15542 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Poverty Assessment Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Poland |