Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa

The population of Sub-Saharan Africa stood at 854 million in 2010. Annual population growth averaged 2.5 percent, with a relatively high sustained fertility rate, fostered by the fact that two-thirds of the population is under 25. The region has th...

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Main Authors:	De Vreyer, Philippe, Roubaud, François
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank and Agence Française de Développement 2013
Subjects:	ACCOUNTING ADOLESCENCE ADULT EDUCATION ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP APPRENTICESHIP AVERAGE AGE CASUAL WORKER CASUAL WORKERS CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD WORK CHILD WORKER CHILD WORKERS CHILD-BEARING CIVIL WAR CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DISABILITY DISADVANTAGED POSITION DISPARITIES BETWEEN GIRLS DROPOUT ECONOMICS EFFECTIVE POLICIES EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT SEARCH EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY UNIT FEMALE CHILDREN FINDING EMPLOYMENT FIRING COSTS FOOD INSECURITY FORMAL EDUCATION GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER BIAS GIRLS GOOD GOVERNANCE GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE HOUSEHOLD WEALTH HUMAN CAPITAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY JOB MATCH JOBS LABOR ADMINISTRATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATOR LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET SUCCESS LABOR MARKETS LABORERS LABOUR LABOUR FORCE LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES LACK OF INFORMATION LAND OWNERSHIP LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOCAL LABOR MARKETS MALE YOUTH MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGE LAW MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN OLDER CHILDREN OLDER WORKERS OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY CONCERN POPULATION DATA POPULATION PRESSURE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROBIT EQUATIONS PRODUCTIVE WORK PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY RADIO RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RESPECT RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL GIRLS RURAL POVERTY RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SAFETY SAFETY REGULATIONS SCHOOL ENROLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOL YOUTH SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF EMPLOYED SEX SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL SERVICES STUDENT EMPLOYMENT SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TECHNICAL SKILLS TEENAGERS TEENS TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRADE UNIONS TRAINING CENTERS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN POVERTY URBAN YOUTH VIOLENCE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGES WORK PROJECT WORKFORCE WORKING CHILDREN WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG ADULTHOOD YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG PERSON YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH FIND EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH WORK
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17899807/urban-labor-markets-sub-saharan-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15808

id	okr-10986-15808
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCOUNTING ADOLESCENCE ADULT EDUCATION ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP APPRENTICESHIP AVERAGE AGE CASUAL WORKER CASUAL WORKERS CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD WORK CHILD WORKER CHILD WORKERS CHILD-BEARING CIVIL WAR CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DISABILITY DISADVANTAGED POSITION DISPARITIES BETWEEN GIRLS DROPOUT ECONOMICS EFFECTIVE POLICIES EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT SEARCH EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY UNIT FEMALE CHILDREN FINDING EMPLOYMENT FIRING COSTS FOOD INSECURITY FORMAL EDUCATION GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER BIAS GIRLS GOOD GOVERNANCE GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE HOUSEHOLD WEALTH HUMAN CAPITAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY JOB MATCH JOBS LABOR ADMINISTRATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATOR LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET SUCCESS LABOR MARKETS LABORERS LABOUR LABOUR FORCE LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES LACK OF INFORMATION LAND OWNERSHIP LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOCAL LABOR MARKETS MALE YOUTH MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGE LAW MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN OLDER CHILDREN OLDER WORKERS OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY CONCERN POPULATION DATA POPULATION PRESSURE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROBIT EQUATIONS PRODUCTIVE WORK PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY RADIO RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RESPECT RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL GIRLS RURAL POVERTY RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SAFETY SAFETY REGULATIONS SCHOOL ENROLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOL YOUTH SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF EMPLOYED SEX SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL SERVICES STUDENT EMPLOYMENT SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TECHNICAL SKILLS TEENAGERS TEENS TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRADE UNIONS TRAINING CENTERS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN POVERTY URBAN YOUTH VIOLENCE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGES WORK PROJECT WORKFORCE WORKING CHILDREN WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG ADULTHOOD YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG PERSON YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH FIND EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH WORK
spellingShingle	ACCOUNTING ADOLESCENCE ADULT EDUCATION ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP APPRENTICESHIP AVERAGE AGE CASUAL WORKER CASUAL WORKERS CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD WORK CHILD WORKER CHILD WORKERS CHILD-BEARING CIVIL WAR CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DISABILITY DISADVANTAGED POSITION DISPARITIES BETWEEN GIRLS DROPOUT ECONOMICS EFFECTIVE POLICIES EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT SEARCH EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY UNIT FEMALE CHILDREN FINDING EMPLOYMENT FIRING COSTS FOOD INSECURITY FORMAL EDUCATION GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER BIAS GIRLS GOOD GOVERNANCE GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE HOUSEHOLD WEALTH HUMAN CAPITAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY JOB MATCH JOBS LABOR ADMINISTRATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATOR LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET SUCCESS LABOR MARKETS LABORERS LABOUR LABOUR FORCE LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES LACK OF INFORMATION LAND OWNERSHIP LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOCAL LABOR MARKETS MALE YOUTH MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGE LAW MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN OLDER CHILDREN OLDER WORKERS OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY CONCERN POPULATION DATA POPULATION PRESSURE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROBIT EQUATIONS PRODUCTIVE WORK PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY RADIO RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RESPECT RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL GIRLS RURAL POVERTY RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SAFETY SAFETY REGULATIONS SCHOOL ENROLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOL YOUTH SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF EMPLOYED SEX SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL SERVICES STUDENT EMPLOYMENT SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TECHNICAL SKILLS TEENAGERS TEENS TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRADE UNIONS TRAINING CENTERS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN POVERTY URBAN YOUTH VIOLENCE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGES WORK PROJECT WORKFORCE WORKING CHILDREN WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG ADULTHOOD YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG PERSON YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH FIND EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH WORK De Vreyer, Philippe Roubaud, François Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
geographic_facet	Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
relation	Africa Development Forum;
description	The population of Sub-Saharan Africa stood at 854 million in 2010. Annual population growth averaged 2.5 percent, with a relatively high sustained fertility rate, fostered by the fact that two-thirds of the population is under 25. The region has the highest proportion of poor people in the world, with 47.5 percent of its population living on less than $1.25 a day, as measured in terms of purchasing power parity in 2008. It is also the only region in which the number of poor is still rising. This book contributes to knowledge on the functioning of urban labor markets in Sub-Saharan Africa by investigating following questions: which individuals lack access to employment or are employed beneath their capacities; does education improve working conditions?; what opportunities does the labor market offer to climb the social ladder?; is the lack of good-quality jobs for adults and the poverty it implies one of the reasons for the prevalence of child labor?; do women and ethnic minorities have the same access to the labor market as everyone else?; how does the formal sector live alongside the informal sector?; what role does migration play in the functioning of labor markets?;and are there traits common to all urban labor markets in Africa, or is each country different? This book attempts to answer these questions by studying 11 cities in 10 countries (table O.1). Comparative studies are often based on disparate measurement instruments, which risk marring the validity of the findings. This study is based on a set of perfectly comparable surveys. The study also covers a number of topics (migration, child labor, job satisfaction, discrimination, and work after retirement) in addition to the topics covered by Lachaud (unemployment, access to employment and mobility, segmentation, labor supply, and poverty). This book is divided in five parts. The first is comparative analysis of urban labor markets in Sub-Saharan Africa; second is job quality and labor market conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa; third is dimensions of labor market inequalities; fourth is the key coping mechanisms and private responses; and fifth is moving forward.
author2	De Vreyer, Philippe
author_facet	De Vreyer, Philippe De Vreyer, Philippe Roubaud, François
format	Publications & Research :: Publication
author	De Vreyer, Philippe Roubaud, François
author_sort	De Vreyer, Philippe
title	Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
title_short	Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
title_full	Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
title_fullStr	Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
title_full_unstemmed	Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa
title_sort	urban labor markets in sub-saharan africa
publisher	Washington, DC: World Bank and Agence Française de Développement
publishDate	2013
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17899807/urban-labor-markets-sub-saharan-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15808
_version_	1764431236358471680
spelling	okr-10986-158082021-04-23T14:03:22Z Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa De Vreyer, Philippe Roubaud, François De Vreyer, Philippe Roubaud, François ACCOUNTING ADOLESCENCE ADULT EDUCATION ADULT WORKERS ADULTHOOD AGE GROUP APPRENTICESHIP AVERAGE AGE CASUAL WORKER CASUAL WORKERS CHILD LABOR CHILD LABOUR CHILD WORK CHILD WORKER CHILD WORKERS CHILD-BEARING CIVIL WAR CROSS-SECTIONAL DATA DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DISABILITY DISADVANTAGED POSITION DISPARITIES BETWEEN GIRLS DROPOUT ECONOMICS EFFECTIVE POLICIES EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT POLICY EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITY EMPLOYMENT SEARCH EMPLOYMENT STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EXTENDED FAMILY FAMILIES FAMILY LABOR FAMILY UNIT FEMALE CHILDREN FINDING EMPLOYMENT FIRING COSTS FOOD INSECURITY FORMAL EDUCATION GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GENDER BIAS GIRLS GOOD GOVERNANCE GROSS ENROLLMENT RATIO HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE HOUSEHOLD WEALTH HUMAN CAPITAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY JOB MATCH JOBS LABOR ADMINISTRATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAW LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET CHARACTERISTICS LABOR MARKET INDICATOR LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET SUCCESS LABOR MARKETS LABORERS LABOUR LABOUR FORCE LABOUR MARKET LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES LACK OF INFORMATION LAND OWNERSHIP LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCY LOCAL ECONOMY LOCAL LABOR MARKET LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS LOCAL LABOR MARKETS MALE YOUTH MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINIMUM WAGE MINIMUM WAGE LAW MINISTRY OF EDUCATION NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL YOUTH POLICY NUMBER OF ADULTS NUMBER OF CHILDREN OLDER CHILDREN OLDER WORKERS OPEN UNEMPLOYMENT POLICY CONCERN POPULATION DATA POPULATION PRESSURE POPULOUS COUNTRY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PROBIT EQUATIONS PRODUCTIVE WORK PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY RADIO RAPID POPULATION GROWTH RESPECT RETAIL TRADE RURAL AREAS RURAL GIRLS RURAL POVERTY RURAL WORKERS RURAL YOUTH SAFETY SAFETY REGULATIONS SCHOOL ENROLMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SCHOOL TO WORK TRANSITION SCHOOL YOUTH SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SELF EMPLOYED SEX SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL SERVICES STUDENT EMPLOYMENT SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA TECHNICAL SKILLS TEENAGERS TEENS TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRADE UNIONS TRAINING CENTERS UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED PERSON UNEMPLOYMENT DURATION UNEMPLOYMENT LEVELS UNEMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES URBAN AREAS URBAN POVERTY URBAN YOUTH VIOLENCE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION VOCATIONAL TRAINING VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM VULNERABLE GROUPS WAGE EMPLOYMENT WAGES WORK PROJECT WORKFORCE WORKING CHILDREN WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION YOUNG ADULTHOOD YOUNG ADULTS YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG PERSON YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH FIND EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR YOUTH POPULATION YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT YOUTH WORK The population of Sub-Saharan Africa stood at 854 million in 2010. Annual population growth averaged 2.5 percent, with a relatively high sustained fertility rate, fostered by the fact that two-thirds of the population is under 25. The region has the highest proportion of poor people in the world, with 47.5 percent of its population living on less than $1.25 a day, as measured in terms of purchasing power parity in 2008. It is also the only region in which the number of poor is still rising. This book contributes to knowledge on the functioning of urban labor markets in Sub-Saharan Africa by investigating following questions: which individuals lack access to employment or are employed beneath their capacities; does education improve working conditions?; what opportunities does the labor market offer to climb the social ladder?; is the lack of good-quality jobs for adults and the poverty it implies one of the reasons for the prevalence of child labor?; do women and ethnic minorities have the same access to the labor market as everyone else?; how does the formal sector live alongside the informal sector?; what role does migration play in the functioning of labor markets?;and are there traits common to all urban labor markets in Africa, or is each country different? This book attempts to answer these questions by studying 11 cities in 10 countries (table O.1). Comparative studies are often based on disparate measurement instruments, which risk marring the validity of the findings. This study is based on a set of perfectly comparable surveys. The study also covers a number of topics (migration, child labor, job satisfaction, discrimination, and work after retirement) in addition to the topics covered by Lachaud (unemployment, access to employment and mobility, segmentation, labor supply, and poverty). This book is divided in five parts. The first is comparative analysis of urban labor markets in Sub-Saharan Africa; second is job quality and labor market conditions in Sub-Saharan Africa; third is dimensions of labor market inequalities; fourth is the key coping mechanisms and private responses; and fifth is moving forward. 2013-09-25T16:59:26Z 2013-09-25T16:59:26Z 2013-06-07 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/01/17899807/urban-labor-markets-sub-saharan-africa 978-0-8213-9781-7 10.1596/978-0-8213-9781-7 http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15808 English en_US Africa Development Forum; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank and Agence Française de Développement Publications & Research :: Publication Publications & Research :: Publication Africa Sub-Saharan Africa

Urban Labor Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa

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