Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings

Sovereign credit ratings play an important part in determining countries' access to international capital markets and the terms of that access. In principle, there is no reason to expect that sovereign credit ratings should systematically pred...

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Main Author: Reinhart, Carmen M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC: World Bank 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/17737432/financial-crises-credit-ratings-bank-failure-default-currency-crises-sovereign-credit-ratings
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17199
id okr-10986-17199
recordtype oai_dc
spelling okr-10986-171992021-04-23T14:03:29Z Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings Reinhart, Carmen M. ARREARS ASSET PRICE BAILOUT BAILOUTS BALANCE SHEET BANK DEBT BANK FAILURES BANKING CRISES BOND BONDHOLDERS BUDGET DEFICIT CAPITAL ACCOUNTS CAPITAL INFLOWS COMMERCIAL CREDITORS COMMERCIAL DEBT CREDIT RATING CREDIT RATING AGENCIES CREDIT RATINGS CREDITORS CREDITWORTHINESS CRISES IN EMERGING MARKET CRISES IN EMERGING MARKETS CURRENCY CURRENCY CRISES CURRENCY CRISIS CURRENCY OVERVALUATION CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE DEBT DEBT CRISES DEBT CRISIS DEBT DEFAULT DEBT OUTSTANDING DEBT PROBLEMS DEBT RATING DEBT RATINGS DEBT REPAYMENTS DEBT RESTRUCTURING DEBT RESTRUCTURING AGREEMENT DEBT SERVICING DEFAULT PROBABILITY DEFAULTS DEPENDENT DEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPRECIATIONS DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS DEVALUATION DEVALUATIONS DOMESTIC CURRENCY DUMMY VARIABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC POLICY EMERGING ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKET EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES EMERGING MARKETS EQUAL SHARE EXCHANGE MARKETS EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATE CRISES EXCHANGE RATE MECHANISM EXCHANGE RATE REGIME EXPLANATORY VARIABLE EXPORT RATIO EXPORT RATIOS EXTERNAL DEBT FEDERAL RESERVE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK FINANCIAL CRISES FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL DISTRESS FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL STRESS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FINANCIAL SYSTEM FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY FOREIGN CURRENCY FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE GLOBAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM INCOME INFLATION INFLATION EPISODE INFLATION RATE INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATE SPREADS INTEREST RATES INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL CREDIT INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY INTERNATIONAL INTEREST INTERNATIONAL INTEREST RATE INTERNATIONAL LENDING INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND LIQUIDITY LOAN LOCAL CURRENCY LONG-TERM DEBT LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS MARKET CONDITIONS MARKET RISK MISALIGNMENTS MONETARY FUND OUTPUT OUTSTANDING DEBT POLITICAL ECONOMY PRICE BEHAVIOR PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT REAL EXCHANGE RATE RECESSIONS REMEDIES RESERVE RESERVES RISK OF DEFAULT SAVINGS SERIAL CORRELATION SHORT-TERM CAPITAL SHORT-TERM DEBT SOVEREIGN BONDS SOVEREIGN DEBT SOVEREIGN DEFAULT SOVEREIGN DEFAULTS SOVEREIGN RATING SOVEREIGN RATINGS SOVEREIGN RISK STANDARD DEVIATION STANDARD DEVIATIONS STOCK RETURNS TIME HORIZONS TRACK RECORD VOLATILITIES WEIGHTS WORLD INTEREST RATES YIELD SPREADS Sovereign credit ratings play an important part in determining countries' access to international capital markets and the terms of that access. In principle, there is no reason to expect that sovereign credit ratings should systematically predict currency crises. In practice, in emerging market economies there is a strong link between currency crises and default. Hence if credit ratings are forward-looking and currency crises in emerging market economies are linked to defaults, it follows that downgrades in credit ratings should systematically precede currency crises. This article presents results suggesting that sovereign credit ratings systematically fail to predict currency crises but do considerably better in predicting defaults. Downgrades in credit ratings usually follow currency crises, possibly suggesting that currency instability increases the risk of default. 2014-03-04T17:00:21Z 2014-03-04T17:00:21Z 2002-05 Journal Article http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/17737432/financial-crises-credit-ratings-bank-failure-default-currency-crises-sovereign-credit-ratings World Bank Economic Review http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17199 English en_US CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo World Bank Washington, DC: World Bank Publications & Research :: Journal Article Publications & Research
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ARREARS
ASSET PRICE
BAILOUT
BAILOUTS
BALANCE SHEET
BANK DEBT
BANK FAILURES
BANKING CRISES
BOND
BONDHOLDERS
BUDGET DEFICIT
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS
CAPITAL INFLOWS
COMMERCIAL CREDITORS
COMMERCIAL DEBT
CREDIT RATING
CREDIT RATING AGENCIES
CREDIT RATINGS
CREDITORS
CREDITWORTHINESS
CRISES IN EMERGING MARKET
CRISES IN EMERGING MARKETS
CURRENCY
CURRENCY CRISES
CURRENCY CRISIS
CURRENCY OVERVALUATION
CURRENT ACCOUNT
CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE
DEBT
DEBT CRISES
DEBT CRISIS
DEBT DEFAULT
DEBT OUTSTANDING
DEBT PROBLEMS
DEBT RATING
DEBT RATINGS
DEBT REPAYMENTS
DEBT RESTRUCTURING
DEBT RESTRUCTURING AGREEMENT
DEBT SERVICING
DEFAULT PROBABILITY
DEFAULTS
DEPENDENT
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
DEPRECIATIONS
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
DEVALUATION
DEVALUATIONS
DOMESTIC CURRENCY
DUMMY VARIABLE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC POLICY
EMERGING ECONOMIES
EMERGING MARKET
EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES
EMERGING MARKETS
EQUAL SHARE
EXCHANGE MARKETS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXCHANGE RATE CRISES
EXCHANGE RATE MECHANISM
EXCHANGE RATE REGIME
EXPLANATORY VARIABLE
EXPORT RATIO
EXPORT RATIOS
EXTERNAL DEBT
FEDERAL RESERVE
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
FINANCIAL CRISES
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FINANCIAL DISTRESS
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL STRESS
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY
FOREIGN CURRENCY
FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
GLOBAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM
INCOME
INFLATION
INFLATION EPISODE
INFLATION RATE
INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR
INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS
INTEREST RATE
INTEREST RATE SPREADS
INTEREST RATES
INTERNATIONAL BANK
INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL
INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL CREDIT
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST RATE
INTERNATIONAL LENDING
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
LIQUIDITY
LOAN
LOCAL CURRENCY
LONG-TERM DEBT
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS
MARKET CONDITIONS
MARKET RISK
MISALIGNMENTS
MONETARY FUND
OUTPUT
OUTSTANDING DEBT
POLITICAL ECONOMY
PRICE BEHAVIOR
PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT
REAL EXCHANGE RATE
RECESSIONS
REMEDIES
RESERVE
RESERVES
RISK OF DEFAULT
SAVINGS
SERIAL CORRELATION
SHORT-TERM CAPITAL
SHORT-TERM DEBT
SOVEREIGN BONDS
SOVEREIGN DEBT
SOVEREIGN DEFAULT
SOVEREIGN DEFAULTS
SOVEREIGN RATING
SOVEREIGN RATINGS
SOVEREIGN RISK
STANDARD DEVIATION
STANDARD DEVIATIONS
STOCK RETURNS
TIME HORIZONS
TRACK RECORD
VOLATILITIES
WEIGHTS
WORLD INTEREST RATES
YIELD SPREADS
spellingShingle ARREARS
ASSET PRICE
BAILOUT
BAILOUTS
BALANCE SHEET
BANK DEBT
BANK FAILURES
BANKING CRISES
BOND
BONDHOLDERS
BUDGET DEFICIT
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS
CAPITAL INFLOWS
COMMERCIAL CREDITORS
COMMERCIAL DEBT
CREDIT RATING
CREDIT RATING AGENCIES
CREDIT RATINGS
CREDITORS
CREDITWORTHINESS
CRISES IN EMERGING MARKET
CRISES IN EMERGING MARKETS
CURRENCY
CURRENCY CRISES
CURRENCY CRISIS
CURRENCY OVERVALUATION
CURRENT ACCOUNT
CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE
DEBT
DEBT CRISES
DEBT CRISIS
DEBT DEFAULT
DEBT OUTSTANDING
DEBT PROBLEMS
DEBT RATING
DEBT RATINGS
DEBT REPAYMENTS
DEBT RESTRUCTURING
DEBT RESTRUCTURING AGREEMENT
DEBT SERVICING
DEFAULT PROBABILITY
DEFAULTS
DEPENDENT
DEPENDENT VARIABLE
DEPRECIATIONS
DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
DEVALUATION
DEVALUATIONS
DOMESTIC CURRENCY
DUMMY VARIABLE
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMIC POLICY
EMERGING ECONOMIES
EMERGING MARKET
EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES
EMERGING MARKETS
EQUAL SHARE
EXCHANGE MARKETS
EXCHANGE RATE
EXCHANGE RATE CRISES
EXCHANGE RATE MECHANISM
EXCHANGE RATE REGIME
EXPLANATORY VARIABLE
EXPORT RATIO
EXPORT RATIOS
EXTERNAL DEBT
FEDERAL RESERVE
FEDERAL RESERVE BANK
FINANCIAL CRISES
FINANCIAL CRISIS
FINANCIAL DISTRESS
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
FINANCIAL MARKETS
FINANCIAL STRESS
FINANCIAL SUPPORT
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
FINANCIAL VULNERABILITY
FOREIGN CURRENCY
FOREIGN CURRENCY DEBT
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT FINANCE
GLOBAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM
INCOME
INFLATION
INFLATION EPISODE
INFLATION RATE
INSTITUTIONAL INVESTOR
INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS
INTEREST RATE
INTEREST RATE SPREADS
INTEREST RATES
INTERNATIONAL BANK
INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL
INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MARKETS
INTERNATIONAL CREDIT
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS
INTERNATIONAL ECONOMY
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST
INTERNATIONAL INTEREST RATE
INTERNATIONAL LENDING
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
LIQUIDITY
LOAN
LOCAL CURRENCY
LONG-TERM DEBT
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS
MARKET CONDITIONS
MARKET RISK
MISALIGNMENTS
MONETARY FUND
OUTPUT
OUTSTANDING DEBT
POLITICAL ECONOMY
PRICE BEHAVIOR
PROBABILITY OF DEFAULT
REAL EXCHANGE RATE
RECESSIONS
REMEDIES
RESERVE
RESERVES
RISK OF DEFAULT
SAVINGS
SERIAL CORRELATION
SHORT-TERM CAPITAL
SHORT-TERM DEBT
SOVEREIGN BONDS
SOVEREIGN DEBT
SOVEREIGN DEFAULT
SOVEREIGN DEFAULTS
SOVEREIGN RATING
SOVEREIGN RATINGS
SOVEREIGN RISK
STANDARD DEVIATION
STANDARD DEVIATIONS
STOCK RETURNS
TIME HORIZONS
TRACK RECORD
VOLATILITIES
WEIGHTS
WORLD INTEREST RATES
YIELD SPREADS
Reinhart, Carmen M.
Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
description Sovereign credit ratings play an important part in determining countries' access to international capital markets and the terms of that access. In principle, there is no reason to expect that sovereign credit ratings should systematically predict currency crises. In practice, in emerging market economies there is a strong link between currency crises and default. Hence if credit ratings are forward-looking and currency crises in emerging market economies are linked to defaults, it follows that downgrades in credit ratings should systematically precede currency crises. This article presents results suggesting that sovereign credit ratings systematically fail to predict currency crises but do considerably better in predicting defaults. Downgrades in credit ratings usually follow currency crises, possibly suggesting that currency instability increases the risk of default.
format Journal Article
author Reinhart, Carmen M.
author_facet Reinhart, Carmen M.
author_sort Reinhart, Carmen M.
title Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
title_short Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
title_full Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
title_fullStr Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
title_full_unstemmed Default, Currency Crises, and Sovereign Credit Ratings
title_sort default, currency crises, and sovereign credit ratings
publisher Washington, DC: World Bank
publishDate 2014
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/05/17737432/financial-crises-credit-ratings-bank-failure-default-currency-crises-sovereign-credit-ratings
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17199
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