Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries

Research from the United States shows that gaps in early cognitive and noncognitive abilities appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differen...

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Main Authors:	Schady, Norbert, Behrman, Jere, Araujo, Maria Caridad, Azuero, Rodrigo, Bernal, Raquel, Bravo, David, Lopez-Boo, Florencia, Macours, Karen, Marshall, Daniela, Paxson, Christina, Vakis, Renos
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCOUNT ACHIEVEMENT AVERAGE SCORE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH COGNITIVE ABILITY COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH DROPOUTS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT HOME VISITS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORTANT POLICY INFANT INFANT HEALTH KINDERGARTEN LABOR MARKET LANGUAGE ABILITY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LITERACY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEMORY MODELING MOTHER NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESCHOOLERS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL PERFORMANCE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH RADIO READING RECALL RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SCHOOL YEARS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOCIAL STATUS SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TEENAGE PREGNANCY TV UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS WAGES YOUNG AGES YOUNG CHILDREN YOUNGER CHILDREN YOUTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/18983740/wealth-gradients-early-childhood-cognitive-development-five-latin-american-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17328

id	okr-10986-17328
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spelling	okr-10986-173282021-04-23T14:03:37Z Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries Schady, Norbert Behrman, Jere Araujo, Maria Caridad Azuero, Rodrigo Bernal, Raquel Bravo, David Lopez-Boo, Florencia Macours, Karen Marshall, Daniela Paxson, Christina Vakis, Renos ACCOUNT ACHIEVEMENT AVERAGE SCORE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH COGNITIVE ABILITY COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH DROPOUTS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT HOME VISITS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORTANT POLICY INFANT INFANT HEALTH KINDERGARTEN LABOR MARKET LANGUAGE ABILITY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LITERACY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEMORY MODELING MOTHER NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESCHOOLERS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL PERFORMANCE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH RADIO READING RECALL RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SCHOOL YEARS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOCIAL STATUS SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TEENAGE PREGNANCY TV UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS WAGES YOUNG AGES YOUNG CHILDREN YOUNGER CHILDREN YOUTH Research from the United States shows that gaps in early cognitive and noncognitive abilities appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in cognitive development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries. To help with comparability, the paper uses the same measure of receptive language ability for all five countries. It finds important differences in development in early childhood across countries, and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where panel data to follow children over time exists, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. These results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective non-response on the measure of cognitive development. 2014-03-18T21:17:35Z 2014-03-18T21:17:35Z 2014-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/18983740/wealth-gradients-early-childhood-cognitive-development-five-latin-american-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17328 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6779 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Latin America
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCOUNT ACHIEVEMENT AVERAGE SCORE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH COGNITIVE ABILITY COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH DROPOUTS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT HOME VISITS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORTANT POLICY INFANT INFANT HEALTH KINDERGARTEN LABOR MARKET LANGUAGE ABILITY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LITERACY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEMORY MODELING MOTHER NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESCHOOLERS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL PERFORMANCE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH RADIO READING RECALL RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SCHOOL YEARS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOCIAL STATUS SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TEENAGE PREGNANCY TV UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS WAGES YOUNG AGES YOUNG CHILDREN YOUNGER CHILDREN YOUTH
spellingShingle	ACCOUNT ACHIEVEMENT AVERAGE SCORE CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH COGNITIVE ABILITY COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT COGNITIVE OUTCOMES CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES CULTURAL CHANGE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENTAL POTENTIAL DISCRIMINATION DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH DROPOUTS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT HOME VISITS HOUSEHOLD ASSETS HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HUMAN CAPITAL IMPORTANT POLICY INFANT INFANT HEALTH KINDERGARTEN LABOR MARKET LANGUAGE ABILITY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT LITERACY LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MEMORY MODELING MOTHER NUMBER OF CHILDREN NUTRITION NUTRITIONAL STATUS PARENTAL EDUCATION PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PRESCHOOLERS PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOL PERFORMANCE PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PUBLIC HEALTH RADIO READING RECALL RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION SCHOOL YEARS SCHOOLING SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOLING SOCIAL STATUS SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENCES SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS TEENAGE PREGNANCY TV UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS WAGES YOUNG AGES YOUNG CHILDREN YOUNGER CHILDREN YOUTH Schady, Norbert Behrman, Jere Araujo, Maria Caridad Azuero, Rodrigo Bernal, Raquel Bravo, David Lopez-Boo, Florencia Macours, Karen Marshall, Daniela Paxson, Christina Vakis, Renos Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
geographic_facet	Latin America & Caribbean Latin America
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6779
description	Research from the United States shows that gaps in early cognitive and noncognitive abilities appear early in the life cycle. Little is known about this important question for developing countries. This paper provides new evidence of sharp differences in cognitive development by socioeconomic status in early childhood for five Latin American countries. To help with comparability, the paper uses the same measure of receptive language ability for all five countries. It finds important differences in development in early childhood across countries, and steep socioeconomic gradients within every country. For the three countries where panel data to follow children over time exists, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter school. These results are robust to different ways of defining socioeconomic status, to different ways of standardizing outcomes, and to selective non-response on the measure of cognitive development.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Schady, Norbert Behrman, Jere Araujo, Maria Caridad Azuero, Rodrigo Bernal, Raquel Bravo, David Lopez-Boo, Florencia Macours, Karen Marshall, Daniela Paxson, Christina Vakis, Renos
author_facet	Schady, Norbert Behrman, Jere Araujo, Maria Caridad Azuero, Rodrigo Bernal, Raquel Bravo, David Lopez-Boo, Florencia Macours, Karen Marshall, Daniela Paxson, Christina Vakis, Renos
author_sort	Schady, Norbert
title	Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
title_short	Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
title_full	Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
title_fullStr	Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
title_full_unstemmed	Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries
title_sort	wealth gradients in early childhood cognitive development in five latin american countries
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/18983740/wealth-gradients-early-childhood-cognitive-development-five-latin-american-countries http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17328
_version_	1764436881410359296

Wealth Gradients in Early Childhood Cognitive Development in Five Latin American Countries

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