"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion

Negative attitudes toward groups in society are widespread and underpin systematic processes of social exclusion that marginalize people and deny them opportunities and dignity. This paper looks at the processes underlying social exclusion. It uses...

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Main Authors:	Lakhani, Sadaf, Sacks, Audrey, Heltberg, Rasmus
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADAPTATION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES AGGRESSIVE ALCOHOLICS ANTI-DISCRIMINATION ANTI-DISCRIMINATION POLICY BABIES BABY BARRIER BEHAVIORAL TRAITS BIRTH CONTROL BISEXUAL BRAIN RESEARCH CANCERS CASTE DISCRIMINATION CASTE SYSTEM CASTE SYSTEMS CASTES CENSUSES CHARITY CHILD BIRTH CHILD BIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILD CARE CITIZENS CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION CONFLICT COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CRIME CULTURAL DIFFERENCES CULTURAL DISTANCE CULTURAL GROUP CULTURES DEMOCRACY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIGNITY DISADVANTAGED GROUP DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIOR DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISCRIMINATORY SOCIAL PRACTICES DISEASES DISTRIBUTION OF POWER DIVERSE GROUP DRUG USERS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY ELDERLY PEOPLE ELITES ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER EQUALITY ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNICITY EXERCISES FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FRIENDS GENDER GENDER NORMS GENITAL MUTILATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS GROUP MEMBERS GYPSIES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH WORKERS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS HIV HIV/AIDS HOMOSEXUALS HOSPITAL HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE IDENTITY ILLITERATE WOMAN ILLNESSES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMUNIZATION IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT INDIGENOUS WOMEN INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INTERVENTION INTOLERANCE ISOLATION KINSHIP LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LAWS LEGAL REFORM LIFE CYCLE LIFE EXPECTANCY MASS MEDIA MATERNAL MORTALITY MENTAL ILLNESSES MIDWIFE MIDWIVES MIGRANTS MINORITY MINORITY GROUPS MORTALITY MOVEMENTS NATIONAL LAWS NATIONALITY NEGATIVE ATTITUDES NURSES OFFICIAL LANGUAGE PARENTS PARTICIPATORY MANNER PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BELIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL CHANGE POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEMS POOR HEALTH POOR PEOPLE POPULATION DATA POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS PREGNANCY PREJUDICE PREJUDICES PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF CARE PSYCHOLOGISTS PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC HEALTH QUALITY OF CARE RACE RACES RACIAL GROUP RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES RELIGIOUS GROUPS RESPECT ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS SCHOOL SETTINGS SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-CONFIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SEX SEXUAL ORIENTATION SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKIN COLOR SOCIAL ATTITUDES SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL CONVENTION SOCIAL CONVENTIONS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL GROUP SOCIAL GROUPS SOCIAL HIERARCHIES SOCIAL IDENTITY SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL ISSUES SOCIAL LIFE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL SCIENTISTS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STRATA SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIALIZATION SOCIETIES SOCIETY STEREOTYPES STEREOTYPING SUFFERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TOLERANCE TRADITIONS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIONS UNIVERSALISM UNMARRIED COUPLES VIOLENCE WOMEN IN LABOR WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG CHILDREN
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/19059914/not-like-understanding-social-exclusion http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17340

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recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADAPTATION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES AGGRESSIVE ALCOHOLICS ANTI-DISCRIMINATION ANTI-DISCRIMINATION POLICY BABIES BABY BARRIER BEHAVIORAL TRAITS BIRTH CONTROL BISEXUAL BRAIN RESEARCH CANCERS CASTE DISCRIMINATION CASTE SYSTEM CASTE SYSTEMS CASTES CENSUSES CHARITY CHILD BIRTH CHILD BIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILD CARE CITIZENS CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION CONFLICT COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CRIME CULTURAL DIFFERENCES CULTURAL DISTANCE CULTURAL GROUP CULTURES DEMOCRACY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIGNITY DISADVANTAGED GROUP DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIOR DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISCRIMINATORY SOCIAL PRACTICES DISEASES DISTRIBUTION OF POWER DIVERSE GROUP DRUG USERS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY ELDERLY PEOPLE ELITES ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER EQUALITY ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNICITY EXERCISES FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FRIENDS GENDER GENDER NORMS GENITAL MUTILATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS GROUP MEMBERS GYPSIES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH WORKERS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS HIV HIV/AIDS HOMOSEXUALS HOSPITAL HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE IDENTITY ILLITERATE WOMAN ILLNESSES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMUNIZATION IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT INDIGENOUS WOMEN INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INTERVENTION INTOLERANCE ISOLATION KINSHIP LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LAWS LEGAL REFORM LIFE CYCLE LIFE EXPECTANCY MASS MEDIA MATERNAL MORTALITY MENTAL ILLNESSES MIDWIFE MIDWIVES MIGRANTS MINORITY MINORITY GROUPS MORTALITY MOVEMENTS NATIONAL LAWS NATIONALITY NEGATIVE ATTITUDES NURSES OFFICIAL LANGUAGE PARENTS PARTICIPATORY MANNER PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BELIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL CHANGE POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEMS POOR HEALTH POOR PEOPLE POPULATION DATA POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS PREGNANCY PREJUDICE PREJUDICES PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF CARE PSYCHOLOGISTS PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC HEALTH QUALITY OF CARE RACE RACES RACIAL GROUP RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES RELIGIOUS GROUPS RESPECT ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS SCHOOL SETTINGS SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-CONFIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SEX SEXUAL ORIENTATION SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKIN COLOR SOCIAL ATTITUDES SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL CONVENTION SOCIAL CONVENTIONS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL GROUP SOCIAL GROUPS SOCIAL HIERARCHIES SOCIAL IDENTITY SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL ISSUES SOCIAL LIFE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL SCIENTISTS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STRATA SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIALIZATION SOCIETIES SOCIETY STEREOTYPES STEREOTYPING SUFFERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TOLERANCE TRADITIONS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIONS UNIVERSALISM UNMARRIED COUPLES VIOLENCE WOMEN IN LABOR WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG CHILDREN
spellingShingle	ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADAPTATION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES AGGRESSIVE ALCOHOLICS ANTI-DISCRIMINATION ANTI-DISCRIMINATION POLICY BABIES BABY BARRIER BEHAVIORAL TRAITS BIRTH CONTROL BISEXUAL BRAIN RESEARCH CANCERS CASTE DISCRIMINATION CASTE SYSTEM CASTE SYSTEMS CASTES CENSUSES CHARITY CHILD BIRTH CHILD BIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILD CARE CITIZENS CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION CONFLICT COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CRIME CULTURAL DIFFERENCES CULTURAL DISTANCE CULTURAL GROUP CULTURES DEMOCRACY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIGNITY DISADVANTAGED GROUP DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIOR DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISCRIMINATORY SOCIAL PRACTICES DISEASES DISTRIBUTION OF POWER DIVERSE GROUP DRUG USERS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY ELDERLY PEOPLE ELITES ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER EQUALITY ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNICITY EXERCISES FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FRIENDS GENDER GENDER NORMS GENITAL MUTILATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS GROUP MEMBERS GYPSIES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH WORKERS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS HIV HIV/AIDS HOMOSEXUALS HOSPITAL HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE IDENTITY ILLITERATE WOMAN ILLNESSES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMUNIZATION IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT INDIGENOUS WOMEN INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INTERVENTION INTOLERANCE ISOLATION KINSHIP LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LAWS LEGAL REFORM LIFE CYCLE LIFE EXPECTANCY MASS MEDIA MATERNAL MORTALITY MENTAL ILLNESSES MIDWIFE MIDWIVES MIGRANTS MINORITY MINORITY GROUPS MORTALITY MOVEMENTS NATIONAL LAWS NATIONALITY NEGATIVE ATTITUDES NURSES OFFICIAL LANGUAGE PARENTS PARTICIPATORY MANNER PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BELIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL CHANGE POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEMS POOR HEALTH POOR PEOPLE POPULATION DATA POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS PREGNANCY PREJUDICE PREJUDICES PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF CARE PSYCHOLOGISTS PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC HEALTH QUALITY OF CARE RACE RACES RACIAL GROUP RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES RELIGIOUS GROUPS RESPECT ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS SCHOOL SETTINGS SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-CONFIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SEX SEXUAL ORIENTATION SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKIN COLOR SOCIAL ATTITUDES SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL CONVENTION SOCIAL CONVENTIONS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL GROUP SOCIAL GROUPS SOCIAL HIERARCHIES SOCIAL IDENTITY SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL ISSUES SOCIAL LIFE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL SCIENTISTS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STRATA SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIALIZATION SOCIETIES SOCIETY STEREOTYPES STEREOTYPING SUFFERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TOLERANCE TRADITIONS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIONS UNIVERSALISM UNMARRIED COUPLES VIOLENCE WOMEN IN LABOR WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG CHILDREN Lakhani, Sadaf Sacks, Audrey Heltberg, Rasmus "They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
geographic_facet	Central Asia Eastern Europe
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6783
description	Negative attitudes toward groups in society are widespread and underpin systematic processes of social exclusion that marginalize people and deny them opportunities and dignity. This paper looks at the processes underlying social exclusion. It uses data covering Eastern Europe and Central Asia to study the responses to a simple hypothetical survey question about which specific groups respondents would not like to have as neighbors. Unwelcoming attitudes toward groups such as immigrants, ethnic minorities, the poor, HIV+ individuals, and others are surprisingly common. These attitudes fall into three distinct clusters: intolerance for the poor and for different lifecycle stages; intolerance toward stigmatized attributes and behaviors; and intolerance toward specific identity groups. An empirical analysis of the determinants of attitudes shows that country-specific factors are far more important than socio-economic characteristics. These findings could have important implications for theories about exclusion and for the design of appropriate social inclusion policies. The authors argue that strategies to address social exclusion need to consider ways to change social norms, attitudes, and behaviors toward disadvantaged groups. The paper explores potential entry points for change within formal and informal institutions.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Lakhani, Sadaf Sacks, Audrey Heltberg, Rasmus
author_facet	Lakhani, Sadaf Sacks, Audrey Heltberg, Rasmus
author_sort	Lakhani, Sadaf
title	"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
title_short	"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
title_full	"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
title_fullStr	"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
title_full_unstemmed	"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion
title_sort	"they are not like us" : understanding social exclusion
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/19059914/not-like-understanding-social-exclusion http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17340
_version_	1764436907568136192
spelling	okr-10986-173402021-04-23T14:03:37Z "They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion Lakhani, Sadaf Sacks, Audrey Heltberg, Rasmus ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADAPTATION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AFFIRMATIVE ACTION POLICIES AGGRESSIVE ALCOHOLICS ANTI-DISCRIMINATION ANTI-DISCRIMINATION POLICY BABIES BABY BARRIER BEHAVIORAL TRAITS BIRTH CONTROL BISEXUAL BRAIN RESEARCH CANCERS CASTE DISCRIMINATION CASTE SYSTEM CASTE SYSTEMS CASTES CENSUSES CHARITY CHILD BIRTH CHILD BIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILD CARE CITIZENS CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL RIGHTS LEGISLATION CONFLICT COUNTRY OF ORIGIN CRIME CULTURAL DIFFERENCES CULTURAL DISTANCE CULTURAL GROUP CULTURES DEMOCRACY DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DIGNITY DISADVANTAGED GROUP DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISCRIMINATION DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY BEHAVIOR DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISCRIMINATORY SOCIAL PRACTICES DISEASES DISTRIBUTION OF POWER DIVERSE GROUP DRUG USERS DRUGS EARLY CHILDHOOD ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY ELDERLY PEOPLE ELITES ENFORCEMENT OF LAWS EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER EQUALITY ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS ETHNIC MINORITIES ETHNICITY EXERCISES FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION FRIENDS GENDER GENDER NORMS GENITAL MUTILATION GOVERNMENT POLICIES GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS GROUP MEMBERS GYPSIES HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH WORKERS HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS HIV HIV/AIDS HOMOSEXUALS HOSPITAL HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITALS HOUSEHOLD SIZE IDENTITY ILLITERATE WOMAN ILLNESSES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMUNIZATION IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT INDIGENOUS WOMEN INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INTERVENTION INTOLERANCE ISOLATION KINSHIP LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LACK OF KNOWLEDGE LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE LAWS LEGAL REFORM LIFE CYCLE LIFE EXPECTANCY MASS MEDIA MATERNAL MORTALITY MENTAL ILLNESSES MIDWIFE MIDWIVES MIGRANTS MINORITY MINORITY GROUPS MORTALITY MOVEMENTS NATIONAL LAWS NATIONALITY NEGATIVE ATTITUDES NURSES OFFICIAL LANGUAGE PARENTS PARTICIPATORY MANNER PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BELIEF POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL CHANGE POLITICAL PARTY POLITICAL SYSTEMS POOR HEALTH POOR PEOPLE POPULATION DATA POST-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS PREGNANCY PREJUDICE PREJUDICES PRIMARY SCHOOL PROGRESS PROVISION OF CARE PSYCHOLOGISTS PSYCHOLOGY PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC HEALTH QUALITY OF CARE RACE RACES RACIAL GROUP RELIGIOUS BELIEFS RELIGIOUS DIFFERENCES RELIGIOUS GROUPS RESPECT ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS SCHOOL SETTINGS SCHOOLS SECONDARY EDUCATION SELF-CONFIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SEX SEXUAL ORIENTATION SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKIN COLOR SOCIAL ATTITUDES SOCIAL CAPITAL SOCIAL CONVENTION SOCIAL CONVENTIONS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL EXCLUSION SOCIAL GROUP SOCIAL GROUPS SOCIAL HIERARCHIES SOCIAL IDENTITY SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS SOCIAL ISSUES SOCIAL LIFE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL PROGRAMS SOCIAL SCIENTISTS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL STATUS SOCIAL STRATA SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIALIZATION SOCIETIES SOCIETY STEREOTYPES STEREOTYPING SUFFERING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TOLERANCE TRADITIONS UNEMPLOYMENT UNIONS UNIVERSALISM UNMARRIED COUPLES VIOLENCE WOMEN IN LABOR WORKERS WORKFORCE YOUNG CHILDREN Negative attitudes toward groups in society are widespread and underpin systematic processes of social exclusion that marginalize people and deny them opportunities and dignity. This paper looks at the processes underlying social exclusion. It uses data covering Eastern Europe and Central Asia to study the responses to a simple hypothetical survey question about which specific groups respondents would not like to have as neighbors. Unwelcoming attitudes toward groups such as immigrants, ethnic minorities, the poor, HIV+ individuals, and others are surprisingly common. These attitudes fall into three distinct clusters: intolerance for the poor and for different lifecycle stages; intolerance toward stigmatized attributes and behaviors; and intolerance toward specific identity groups. An empirical analysis of the determinants of attitudes shows that country-specific factors are far more important than socio-economic characteristics. These findings could have important implications for theories about exclusion and for the design of appropriate social inclusion policies. The authors argue that strategies to address social exclusion need to consider ways to change social norms, attitudes, and behaviors toward disadvantaged groups. The paper explores potential entry points for change within formal and informal institutions. 2014-03-18T21:51:10Z 2014-03-18T21:51:10Z 2014-02 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/02/19059914/not-like-understanding-social-exclusion http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17340 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 6783 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Central Asia Eastern Europe

"They Are Not Like Us" : Understanding Social Exclusion

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