Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania
Since 2007, the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) has provided technical assistance to local and national governments implementing large rural sanitation and handwashing promotion programs in various countries. In Tanzania, handwashing with soap a...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16914143/scaling-up-handwashing-rural-sanitation-findings-baseline-survey-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17379 |
| id |
okr-10986-17379 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ARTISAN ARTISANS BASIC STRUCTURE BEST PRACTICES BOUNDARIES BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES BUSINESS PLAN CAPACITY BUILDING CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR CLINICS COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES COMMUNICATION STRATEGY COMMUNICATORS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY GROUPS CONFIDENTIALITY CONTACT INFORMATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CORRECTIVE ACTIONS CORRUPTION CULTURAL BARRIERS CUSTOMS DATE OF CREATION DECISION-MAKING DELIVERY METHOD DELIVERY METHODS DESCRIPTION DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS EMAIL ADDRESS EQUIPMENT EVALUATION ACTIVITIES EXPORT MARKET FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCING PLANS FIXED COSTS FLEXIBILITY GENDER GOOD PRACTICE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS GPS GRAPHICS GROWTH POTENTIAL HABITATS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES IDEA IDEAS IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION REPORT IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS INCOME INNOVATION INNOVATIVE PROJECTS INSIGHTS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INTERNAL PROCESSES INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS KEY INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LICENSE LIVELIHOODS M&E SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE COSTS MARKET PRICE MARKETING MARKETING STRATEGY MATERIAL MONITORING & EVALUATION NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NGO OPERATIONS OUTCOME INDICATORS OUTPUT INDICATORS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PERFORMANCES PHONE PRIVATE SECTOR PROBLEM DEFINITION PRODUCT DESIGN PROGRAMS PROJECT BENEFICIARIES PROJECT EVALUATION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT MONITORING PROJECT OBJECTIVES PROTOCOL PROTOTYPE QUALITY STANDARDS RADIO RADIO FREQUENCY RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION RELATIONAL DATABASE RENTAL SERVICES RESULT RESULTS RURAL AREAS RURAL WOMEN SELF EVALUATION SENSITIVE INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY SETTLEMENT SMS SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY SOURCES OF WATER SPREADSHEET STAKEHOLDERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TARGETS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE THINKING TIME FRAME TIME PERIOD TRACEABILITY TRAINING COURSE TRAININGS TRANSMISSION TRANSPARENCY USE OF INFORMATION USER VARIETY VIDEO VILLAGES WEB |
| spellingShingle |
ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ARTISAN ARTISANS BASIC STRUCTURE BEST PRACTICES BOUNDARIES BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES BUSINESS PLAN CAPACITY BUILDING CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR CLINICS COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES COMMUNICATION STRATEGY COMMUNICATORS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY GROUPS CONFIDENTIALITY CONTACT INFORMATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CORRECTIVE ACTIONS CORRUPTION CULTURAL BARRIERS CUSTOMS DATE OF CREATION DECISION-MAKING DELIVERY METHOD DELIVERY METHODS DESCRIPTION DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS EMAIL ADDRESS EQUIPMENT EVALUATION ACTIVITIES EXPORT MARKET FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCING PLANS FIXED COSTS FLEXIBILITY GENDER GOOD PRACTICE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS GPS GRAPHICS GROWTH POTENTIAL HABITATS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES IDEA IDEAS IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION REPORT IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS INCOME INNOVATION INNOVATIVE PROJECTS INSIGHTS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INTERNAL PROCESSES INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS KEY INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LICENSE LIVELIHOODS M&E SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE COSTS MARKET PRICE MARKETING MARKETING STRATEGY MATERIAL MONITORING & EVALUATION NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NGO OPERATIONS OUTCOME INDICATORS OUTPUT INDICATORS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PERFORMANCES PHONE PRIVATE SECTOR PROBLEM DEFINITION PRODUCT DESIGN PROGRAMS PROJECT BENEFICIARIES PROJECT EVALUATION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT MONITORING PROJECT OBJECTIVES PROTOCOL PROTOTYPE QUALITY STANDARDS RADIO RADIO FREQUENCY RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION RELATIONAL DATABASE RENTAL SERVICES RESULT RESULTS RURAL AREAS RURAL WOMEN SELF EVALUATION SENSITIVE INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY SETTLEMENT SMS SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY SOURCES OF WATER SPREADSHEET STAKEHOLDERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TARGETS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE THINKING TIME FRAME TIME PERIOD TRACEABILITY TRAINING COURSE TRAININGS TRANSMISSION TRANSPARENCY USE OF INFORMATION USER VARIETY VIDEO VILLAGES WEB Briceño, Bertha Yusuf, Ahmad Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| geographic_facet |
Africa Tanzania |
| relation |
Water and sanitation program technical paper;WSP |
| description |
Since 2007, the Water and Sanitation
Program (WSP) has provided technical assistance to local and
national governments implementing large rural sanitation and
handwashing promotion programs in various countries. In
Tanzania, handwashing with soap and sanitation programs were
phased into 10 rural districts in the second half of 2009.
This report presents summary descriptive statistics for key
demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene, health, and child
development variables based on a survey of approximately
1,500 households. It offers a glimpse at the general status
of sanitation and hygiene practices in some of the
program's target areas before the beginning of
implementation activities. In the targeted areas in rural
Tanzania, the typical household is headed by a male and
comprises five members. Most houses are single detached
dwellings with mud or brick walls and clay floors.
Households typically use kerosene for lighting and wood for
cooking, and about half of households own a few animals and
a bicycle. Handwashing behavior is known to be difficult to
assess. In this study, we relied on two sources:
self-reported handwashing at critical times and, as a proxy
measure, spot-check observations of whether the household
had a designated place for handwashing with both soap and
water. An additional measure assessed the cleanliness of the
caretaker's hands through direct observation again to
serve as a proxy indicator of handwashing with soap
behavior. The survey revealed that there was limited
baseline knowledge of the critical handwashing times among
the target households prior to the program, indicating room
to improve handwashing behavior. Likewise, the survey
indicated limited access to improved water sources, a
scarcity of pit latrines with slabs, and a non-negligible
percentage of open defecation practice in the studied
households. Underlying challenges also included unsafe
facilities for small children and poor practices related to
disposal of child feces. The data presented in this
technical report provides a snapshot of the conditions of
the target population prior to the start of the sanitation
and handwashing programs. An impact evaluation of the
programs, which will rely exclusively on post-intervention
data, will be carried out during 2012; a full report will be
published in 2013. The study hopes to enable a close
examination of the links between poor sanitation,
handwashing behavior, and health, and provide evidence for
future projects in rural Tanzania. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Briceño, Bertha Yusuf, Ahmad |
| author_facet |
Briceño, Bertha Yusuf, Ahmad |
| author_sort |
Briceño, Bertha |
| title |
Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| title_short |
Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| title_full |
Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| title_fullStr |
Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania |
| title_sort |
scaling up handwashing and rural sanitation : findings from a baseline survey in tanzania |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16914143/scaling-up-handwashing-rural-sanitation-findings-baseline-survey-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17379 |
| _version_ |
1764436490562043904 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-173792021-04-23T14:03:36Z Scaling Up Handwashing and Rural Sanitation : Findings from a Baseline Survey in Tanzania Briceño, Bertha Yusuf, Ahmad ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS ARTISAN ARTISANS BASIC STRUCTURE BEST PRACTICES BOUNDARIES BUSINESS MODEL BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES BUSINESS PLAN CAPACITY BUILDING CHANGE IN BEHAVIOR CLINICS COLLABORATION COMMUNICATION NETWORKS COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES COMMUNICATION STRATEGY COMMUNICATORS COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY GROUPS CONFIDENTIALITY CONTACT INFORMATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CORRECTIVE ACTIONS CORRUPTION CULTURAL BARRIERS CUSTOMS DATE OF CREATION DECISION-MAKING DELIVERY METHOD DELIVERY METHODS DESCRIPTION DISCUSSION DOCUMENTS E-MAIL EMAIL ADDRESS EQUIPMENT EVALUATION ACTIVITIES EXPORT MARKET FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCING PLANS FIXED COSTS FLEXIBILITY GENDER GOOD PRACTICE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS GPS GRAPHICS GROWTH POTENTIAL HABITATS HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES IDEA IDEAS IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION REPORT IMPLEMENTATION PERIOD IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS INCOME INNOVATION INNOVATIVE PROJECTS INSIGHTS INSTALLATION INSTITUTION INTERNAL PROCESSES INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS KEY INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LICENSE LIVELIHOODS M&E SYSTEMS MAINTENANCE COSTS MARKET PRICE MARKETING MARKETING STRATEGY MATERIAL MONITORING & EVALUATION NATURAL RESOURCES NEW TECHNOLOGIES NEW TECHNOLOGY NGO OPERATIONS OUTCOME INDICATORS OUTPUT INDICATORS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS PERFORMANCES PHONE PRIVATE SECTOR PROBLEM DEFINITION PRODUCT DESIGN PROGRAMS PROJECT BENEFICIARIES PROJECT EVALUATION PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROJECT MONITORING PROJECT OBJECTIVES PROTOCOL PROTOTYPE QUALITY STANDARDS RADIO RADIO FREQUENCY RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION RELATIONAL DATABASE RENTAL SERVICES RESULT RESULTS RURAL AREAS RURAL WOMEN SELF EVALUATION SENSITIVE INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY SETTLEMENT SMS SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY SOURCES OF WATER SPREADSHEET STAKEHOLDERS SUPPLY CHAIN SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TARGETS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL EXPERTISE THINKING TIME FRAME TIME PERIOD TRACEABILITY TRAINING COURSE TRAININGS TRANSMISSION TRANSPARENCY USE OF INFORMATION USER VARIETY VIDEO VILLAGES WEB Since 2007, the Water and Sanitation Program (WSP) has provided technical assistance to local and national governments implementing large rural sanitation and handwashing promotion programs in various countries. In Tanzania, handwashing with soap and sanitation programs were phased into 10 rural districts in the second half of 2009. This report presents summary descriptive statistics for key demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene, health, and child development variables based on a survey of approximately 1,500 households. It offers a glimpse at the general status of sanitation and hygiene practices in some of the program's target areas before the beginning of implementation activities. In the targeted areas in rural Tanzania, the typical household is headed by a male and comprises five members. Most houses are single detached dwellings with mud or brick walls and clay floors. Households typically use kerosene for lighting and wood for cooking, and about half of households own a few animals and a bicycle. Handwashing behavior is known to be difficult to assess. In this study, we relied on two sources: self-reported handwashing at critical times and, as a proxy measure, spot-check observations of whether the household had a designated place for handwashing with both soap and water. An additional measure assessed the cleanliness of the caretaker's hands through direct observation again to serve as a proxy indicator of handwashing with soap behavior. The survey revealed that there was limited baseline knowledge of the critical handwashing times among the target households prior to the program, indicating room to improve handwashing behavior. Likewise, the survey indicated limited access to improved water sources, a scarcity of pit latrines with slabs, and a non-negligible percentage of open defecation practice in the studied households. Underlying challenges also included unsafe facilities for small children and poor practices related to disposal of child feces. The data presented in this technical report provides a snapshot of the conditions of the target population prior to the start of the sanitation and handwashing programs. An impact evaluation of the programs, which will rely exclusively on post-intervention data, will be carried out during 2012; a full report will be published in 2013. The study hopes to enable a close examination of the links between poor sanitation, handwashing behavior, and health, and provide evidence for future projects in rural Tanzania. 2014-03-25T20:46:29Z 2014-03-25T20:46:29Z 2012-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/09/16914143/scaling-up-handwashing-rural-sanitation-findings-baseline-survey-tanzania http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17379 English en_US Water and sanitation program technical paper;WSP CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Africa Tanzania |