Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo : Insights from Former Combatants

Ending the period of conflict, violence and insecurity in Eastern DRC would contribute tremendously to addressing the high levels of ongoing Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV). This study has been conducted in partnership with the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) vivo international, to deter...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Elbert, Thomas, Hinkel, Harald, Maedl, Anna, Hermenau, Katharin, Hecker, Tobias, Schauer, Maggie, Riedke, Heike, Winkler, Nina, Lancaster, Philip
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCESS TO RESOURCES ACT OF VIOLENCE AGGRESSION ALCOHOL ALLIANCE ALLIANCES ARMED CONFLICT ARMED CONFLICTS ARMED FORCES BATTLES CHILD SOLDIERS CITIZEN CITIZENS CITIZENSHIP CIVIL WAR CIVILIAN POPULATIONS CODES OF CONDUCT COERCION COMBATANTS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONFLICT CONFLICTS COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN DEATH RATES DEATHS DEFENCE DEMOBILIZATION DEMOCRACY DESERTION DEVELOPMENT AID DISABILITY DISARMAMENT DISASTERS DRUGS ECONOMIC CAPACITIES ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC REINTEGRATION ECONOMIC RESOURCES ELECTIONS EMERGENCIES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES EQUITABLE ACCESS ETHNIC GROUP ETHNIC GROUPS EX-COMBATANTS EXCOMBATANTS FAMILIES FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY STRUCTURES FIGHTING FOOD INTAKE FORMS OF GENDER FORMS OF VIOLENCE FOUNDATIONS GENDER GENDER JUSTICE GENOCIDE GIRLS GOVERNMENT TROOPS GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL INCOME HEALTH CARE HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH WORKERS HOSPITAL HOSTAGE HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN POTENTIAL HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS HUMANITARIAN AID IMMIGRANTS INFORMAL EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL ACTION INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS INTERNATIONAL LEVELS LAND OWNERSHIP LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING CONDITIONS LOCAL COMMUNITIES MAJORITY OF CHILDREN MASS MEDIA MASSACRES MEDIATION MEDICAL TREATMENT MENTAL DISORDERS MENTAL HEALTH MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS MIGRATION MILITARY LEADERS MILITIA MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINORITY NATIONAL EFFORTS NATIONAL GOVERNMENT NATIONAL SECURITY NATIONALS NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES NEEDS ASSESSMENT NEGOTIATIONS NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS OBSERVER OFFENDERS PEACE PEACE AGREEMENTS PEACE RESEARCH PEACEKEEPERS PEACEKEEPING PEER PRESSURE PERPETRATORS OF VIOLENCE PHYSICAL INTEGRITY POLICE POLITICAL POWER PRACTITIONERS PREVENTION OF VIOLENCE PROGRESS PROPERTY RIGHTS PSYCHOLOGICAL DAMAGE PSYCHOLOGICAL TREATMENT PUBLIC ATTENTION PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SERVICES RAPE RAPES RAPISTS REBEL REBELS RECONCILIATION RECONSTRUCTION RECREATION REFUGEE REFUGEE CAMPS REFUGEE POPULATIONS REFUGEES REHABILITATION REPATRIATION RESPECT RURAL AREAS SCHOOLS SECURITY SITUATION SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDERS SEX SEXUAL ABUSE SEXUAL ASSAULT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL PRACTICES SEXUAL TORTURE SEXUAL VIOLENCE SEXUAL VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN SEXUALLY ABUSED CHILDREN SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NORMS STATUS OF WOMEN SUBSTANCE USE TACTIC TACTICS TERRORIST TORTURE TRAUMA TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER TRIBAL IDENTITY UNDP UNICEF UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL VICTIMS VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE VIOLENCE VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN VIOLENT CONFLICT VIOLENT RELATIONSHIPS WAR WAR CRIME WAR CRIMES WARFARE WARS WARTIME RAPE WEAPON WEAPONS YOUTH
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/09/19253709/sexual-gender-based-violence-kivu-provinces-democratic-republic-congo-insights-former-combatants http://hdl.handle.net/10986/17852

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Summary:	Ending the period of conflict, violence and insecurity in Eastern DRC would contribute tremendously to addressing the high levels of ongoing Sexual and Gender-Based Violence (SGBV). This study has been conducted in partnership with the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) vivo international, to determine individual motivations, as well as strategic or tactical aspects of sexual violence of different armed groups and their leadership. SGBV is a complex problem requiring an integrated and multi-sectoral response, even more so in a fragile environment with ongoing conflict, such as in Eastern DRC. Responses to violence against women need to address, among others: health sector including physical and mental health issues, the criminal-justice sector, economic empowerment, community development (promoting equitable access to resources for women and men), prevention of violence (e.g., through formal and informal education), and advocacy at the community, national and international levels. Any effective response must combine enforcing laws and prosecuting perpetrators to break the cycle of impunity, while addressing the individual and societal wounds, and working to prevent a normalization and recurrence of sexual violence.

Sexual and Gender-Based Violence in the Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo : Insights from Former Combatants

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