Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is the coldest capital city in the world, with average winter low temperatures of -20° Celsius. Many families there live in gers, traditional Mongolian dwellings consisting of a wooden frame beneath several layers of wool fel...
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| Format: | ESMAP Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/11/6743802/impact-improved-stoves-indoor-air-quality-ulaanbaatar-mongolia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18005 |
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okr-10986-180052021-04-23T14:03:38Z Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia Cowlin, Shannon Kaufmann, Rachel B. Edwards, Rufus Smith, Kirk R. AIR FLOW AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AMBIENT TEMPERATURES APPROACH BAFFLES BIOMASS BIOMASS FUEL BIOMASS FUELS BOILERS CANCER CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE COAL COAL COMBUSTION COAL COMPOSITION COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USE COMBUSTION CHAMBER COMBUSTION CHAMBERS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS COOK STOVES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMISTS ELDERLY PEOPLE ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES ENERGY PLANNERS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY FUEL FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SAVINGS FUEL USE FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GENERATION GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS HEAT HEAT LOSS HEATING ENERGY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME LOGGING MONITORING EQUIPMENT MOTOR VEHICLES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES PARTICLE REMOVAL PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PILOT PROJECTS PM POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION LEVELS POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS PRIMARY FUEL REDUCING EMISSIONS RENEWABLE ENERGY SAVINGS STEAM HEAT SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSPENDED PARTICLES TRANSPORT TRUE URBAN AIR POLLUTION VEHICLES Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is the coldest capital city in the world, with average winter low temperatures of -20° Celsius. Many families there live in gers, traditional Mongolian dwellings consisting of a wooden frame beneath several layers of wool felt. In the ger districts of Ulaanbaatar, cooking and heating energy is provided through indoor coal combustion in metal stoves with chimneys, and in wintertime, such stoves may be in use both day and night. Over the last several years, new stove designs with improved fuel efficiencies have been introduced into many homes. To test the impact of the improved stoves on indoor air quality, 24-hour monitoring of particulate matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) was done in 65 Mongolian gers. The primary analyses focused on 58 households, 20 with original (or traditional-type) stoves, 18 with the improved stove type TT-03, and 20 with the improved stove type G2-2000. In addition to indoor pollutant concentrations, information on other relevant factors was collected, which included home sizes, indoor and outdoor temperatures, age of stove in use, amount of fuel used and number of refuelings, position of monitors relative to chimneys, and number of cigarettes smoked in the home. Analysis of variance showed that these factors did not differ significantly by stove type except that traditional stoves tended to be older than improved stoves. Multivariate regression methods were used to test for statistically significantly different indoor PM and CO concentrations between homes with different stove types while controlling for selected characteristics. 2014-04-22T20:44:10Z 2014-04-22T20:44:10Z 2005-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/11/6743802/impact-improved-stoves-indoor-air-quality-ulaanbaatar-mongolia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18005 English en_US Energy Sector Management Assistance Program working paper series;ESM 313/05 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AIR FLOW AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AMBIENT TEMPERATURES APPROACH BAFFLES BIOMASS BIOMASS FUEL BIOMASS FUELS BOILERS CANCER CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE COAL COAL COMBUSTION COAL COMPOSITION COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USE COMBUSTION CHAMBER COMBUSTION CHAMBERS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS COOK STOVES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMISTS ELDERLY PEOPLE ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES ENERGY PLANNERS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY FUEL FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SAVINGS FUEL USE FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GENERATION GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS HEAT HEAT LOSS HEATING ENERGY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME LOGGING MONITORING EQUIPMENT MOTOR VEHICLES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES PARTICLE REMOVAL PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PILOT PROJECTS PM POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION LEVELS POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS PRIMARY FUEL REDUCING EMISSIONS RENEWABLE ENERGY SAVINGS STEAM HEAT SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSPENDED PARTICLES TRANSPORT TRUE URBAN AIR POLLUTION VEHICLES |
| spellingShingle |
AIR FLOW AIR POLLUTION AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AMBIENT TEMPERATURES APPROACH BAFFLES BIOMASS BIOMASS FUEL BIOMASS FUELS BOILERS CANCER CARBON CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON MONOXIDE COAL COAL COMBUSTION COAL COMPOSITION COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USE COMBUSTION CHAMBER COMBUSTION CHAMBERS COMBUSTION PRODUCTS COOK STOVES ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMISTS ELDERLY PEOPLE ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS EMISSIONS OF NITROGEN OXIDES ENERGY PLANNERS ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY FUEL FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SAVINGS FUEL USE FUGITIVE EMISSIONS GENERATION GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS HEAT HEAT LOSS HEATING ENERGY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INCOME LOGGING MONITORING EQUIPMENT MOTOR VEHICLES NITROGEN NITROGEN OXIDES PARTICLE REMOVAL PARTICULATE PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PILOT PROJECTS PM POLLUTANT CONCENTRATIONS POLLUTANTS POLLUTION LEVELS POWER POWER PLANT POWER PLANTS PRIMARY FUEL REDUCING EMISSIONS RENEWABLE ENERGY SAVINGS STEAM HEAT SULFUR SULFUR DIOXIDE SUSPENDED PARTICLES TRANSPORT TRUE URBAN AIR POLLUTION VEHICLES Cowlin, Shannon Kaufmann, Rachel B. Edwards, Rufus Smith, Kirk R. Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |
| relation |
Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
working paper series;ESM 313/05 |
| description |
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is the coldest
capital city in the world, with average winter low
temperatures of -20° Celsius. Many families there live in
gers, traditional Mongolian dwellings consisting of a wooden
frame beneath several layers of wool felt. In the ger
districts of Ulaanbaatar, cooking and heating energy is
provided through indoor coal combustion in metal stoves with
chimneys, and in wintertime, such stoves may be in use both
day and night. Over the last several years, new stove
designs with improved fuel efficiencies have been introduced
into many homes. To test the impact of the improved stoves
on indoor air quality, 24-hour monitoring of particulate
matter (PM) and carbon monoxide (CO) was done in 65
Mongolian gers. The primary analyses focused on 58
households, 20 with original (or traditional-type) stoves,
18 with the improved stove type TT-03, and 20 with the
improved stove type G2-2000. In addition to indoor pollutant
concentrations, information on other relevant factors was
collected, which included home sizes, indoor and outdoor
temperatures, age of stove in use, amount of fuel used and
number of refuelings, position of monitors relative to
chimneys, and number of cigarettes smoked in the home.
Analysis of variance showed that these factors did not
differ significantly by stove type except that traditional
stoves tended to be older than improved stoves. Multivariate
regression methods were used to test for statistically
significantly different indoor PM and CO concentrations
between homes with different stove types while controlling
for selected characteristics. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper |
| author |
Cowlin, Shannon Kaufmann, Rachel B. Edwards, Rufus Smith, Kirk R. |
| author_facet |
Cowlin, Shannon Kaufmann, Rachel B. Edwards, Rufus Smith, Kirk R. |
| author_sort |
Cowlin, Shannon |
| title |
Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| title_short |
Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| title_full |
Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| title_fullStr |
Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of Improved Stoves on Indoor Air Quality in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia |
| title_sort |
impact of improved stoves on indoor air quality in ulaanbaatar, mongolia |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2005/11/6743802/impact-improved-stoves-indoor-air-quality-ulaanbaatar-mongolia http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18005 |
| _version_ |
1764437480275181568 |