The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India
Even a modestly effective HIV-1 vaccine would be highly useful in India and could avoid millions of deaths. How should such a vaccine be introduced? Based on evidence of adoption of other vaccines in India, current levels of spending on them and co...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2378824/potential-demand-strategic-use-hiv-1-vaccine-southern-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18219 |
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okr-10986-18219 |
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oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
HIV VIRUSES VACCINES VACCINATION HEALTH ISSUES HEALTH SERVICES ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME VACCINES PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IMMUNIZATION CAPACITY BUILDING PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADOLESCENTS ADULT POPULATION ADULTHOOD AGED AGING AIDS PREVENTION AIDS VACCINE ANTENATAL CARE ANTENATAL CLINIC ANTENATAL CLINICS ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS BABIES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE BILATERAL DONORS BIRTH RATE BIRTHS CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION CLINICAL TRIALS CLINICS COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM DISTRIBUTION CONDOM PROMOTION CONDOM USE CONDOMS CONTRACEPTION DISCRIMINATION DROPOUT RATES DRUG USERS EARLY DETECTION EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EFFECTIVE VACCINES ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS FAMILIES FAMILY HEALTH FATIGUE FEMALE SEX WORKERS GIRLS GOVERNMENT CLINICS HEALTH CARE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FACILITY HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS B VIRUS HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION HIGH-RISK HIGH-RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS HIV HIV IMMUNIZATION HIV INFECTIONS HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV VACCINATION HOSPITALS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IMMUNIZATION IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IMMUNODEFICIENCY INFECTION INFECTIONS INFLUENZA INHIBITION INJECTING DRUG USERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE INTERVENTION LAWS LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MALE CLIENTS MEASLES MEDICAL RESEARCH MOTHERS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NEONATAL TETANUS NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS PARTNERSHIP PATIENTS POLIO POLIO ERADICATION PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR CLINICS PUBLIC SERVICES QUALITY ASSURANCE REPRODUCTIVE AGE RISK GROUPS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RURAL AREAS SCHOOLS SEX WITH MEN SEX WORKERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL SERVICES STDS STIS SURVEILLANCE DATA TARGET POPULATIONS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES TETANUS USE OF CONDOMS VACCINATION VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES VACCINES VULNERABLE GROUPS YOUTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION |
| spellingShingle |
HIV VIRUSES VACCINES VACCINATION HEALTH ISSUES HEALTH SERVICES ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME VACCINES PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IMMUNIZATION CAPACITY BUILDING PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADOLESCENTS ADULT POPULATION ADULTHOOD AGED AGING AIDS PREVENTION AIDS VACCINE ANTENATAL CARE ANTENATAL CLINIC ANTENATAL CLINICS ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS BABIES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE BILATERAL DONORS BIRTH RATE BIRTHS CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION CLINICAL TRIALS CLINICS COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM DISTRIBUTION CONDOM PROMOTION CONDOM USE CONDOMS CONTRACEPTION DISCRIMINATION DROPOUT RATES DRUG USERS EARLY DETECTION EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EFFECTIVE VACCINES ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS FAMILIES FAMILY HEALTH FATIGUE FEMALE SEX WORKERS GIRLS GOVERNMENT CLINICS HEALTH CARE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FACILITY HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS B VIRUS HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION HIGH-RISK HIGH-RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS HIV HIV IMMUNIZATION HIV INFECTIONS HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV VACCINATION HOSPITALS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IMMUNIZATION IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IMMUNODEFICIENCY INFECTION INFECTIONS INFLUENZA INHIBITION INJECTING DRUG USERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE INTERVENTION LAWS LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MALE CLIENTS MEASLES MEDICAL RESEARCH MOTHERS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NEONATAL TETANUS NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS PARTNERSHIP PATIENTS POLIO POLIO ERADICATION PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR CLINICS PUBLIC SERVICES QUALITY ASSURANCE REPRODUCTIVE AGE RISK GROUPS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RURAL AREAS SCHOOLS SEX WITH MEN SEX WORKERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL SERVICES STDS STIS SURVEILLANCE DATA TARGET POPULATIONS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES TETANUS USE OF CONDOMS VACCINATION VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES VACCINES VULNERABLE GROUPS YOUTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION Seshadri, Shreelata Rao Subramaniyam, P. Jha, Prabhat The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia India |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 3066 |
| description |
Even a modestly effective HIV-1 vaccine
would be highly useful in India and could avoid millions of
deaths. How should such a vaccine be introduced? Based on
evidence of adoption of other vaccines in India, current
levels of spending on them and coverage of prevention
programs targeting both high- and low-risk groups, Seshadri,
Subramaniyam, and Jha assess the potential demand for and
strategic use of an HIV-1 vaccine in the four southern
Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and
Tamil Nadu. The authors also discuss potential strategies
for delivery of the vaccine, prioritization for vaccination,
and the political economy of such a vaccine in India.
Assuming a vaccine cost of $10 a dose and including
estimated delivery costs, the total cost of vaccinating 21.6
million adolescents 11-14 years of age and 1 percent of
adults would be Rs. 12.25 billion (US$ 245 million). To
maintain the vaccination rate in the 11-14 year old cohort,
an additional 6.77 million in that age range would have to
be vaccinated each year, at a vaccine cost of Rs. 3.39
billion (US$ 67.5 million). An HIV-1 vaccine will greatly
reduce HIV/AIDS in India, but it will not be a panacea.
There will be a continued need for effective prevention
programs to guard against behavior reversals or an imperfect
vaccine. Key inputs for prevention, immunization, and
treatment programs such as identification of various groups
that could be immunized (vulnerable groups or general
populations), strengthened surveillance, capacity building,
operations research, and evaluation at local levels will
continue to require intensive support. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Seshadri, Shreelata Rao Subramaniyam, P. Jha, Prabhat |
| author_facet |
Seshadri, Shreelata Rao Subramaniyam, P. Jha, Prabhat |
| author_sort |
Seshadri, Shreelata Rao |
| title |
The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| title_short |
The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| title_full |
The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| title_fullStr |
The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India |
| title_sort |
potential demand for and strategic use of an hiv-1 vaccine in southern india |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2378824/potential-demand-strategic-use-hiv-1-vaccine-southern-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18219 |
| _version_ |
1764439090725388288 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-182192021-04-23T14:03:41Z The Potential Demand for and Strategic Use of an HIV-1 Vaccine in Southern India Seshadri, Shreelata Rao Subramaniyam, P. Jha, Prabhat HIV VIRUSES VACCINES VACCINATION HEALTH ISSUES HEALTH SERVICES ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME VACCINES PREVENTIVE MEDICINE IMMUNIZATION CAPACITY BUILDING PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADOLESCENT ADOLESCENT GIRLS ADOLESCENTS ADULT POPULATION ADULTHOOD AGED AGING AIDS PREVENTION AIDS VACCINE ANTENATAL CARE ANTENATAL CLINIC ANTENATAL CLINICS ASYMPTOMATIC INFECTIONS AWARENESS CAMPAIGNS BABIES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE BILATERAL DONORS BIRTH RATE BIRTHS CHILD DEVELOPMENT CHILD HEALTH CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION CLINICAL TRIALS CLINICS COMMERCIAL SEX COMMERCIAL SEX WORKERS CONDOM DISTRIBUTION CONDOM PROMOTION CONDOM USE CONDOMS CONTRACEPTION DISCRIMINATION DROPOUT RATES DRUG USERS EARLY DETECTION EFFECTIVE PREVENTION EFFECTIVE VACCINES ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FACTORS FAMILIES FAMILY HEALTH FATIGUE FEMALE SEX WORKERS GIRLS GOVERNMENT CLINICS HEALTH CARE HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FACILITY HEALTH INTERVENTIONS HEPATITIS B HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN HEPATITIS B VIRUS HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION HIGH-RISK HIGH-RISK GROUPS HIGH-RISK POPULATIONS HIV HIV IMMUNIZATION HIV INFECTIONS HIV PREVENTION HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS HIV VACCINATION HOSPITALS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IMMUNIZATION IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE IMMUNODEFICIENCY INFECTION INFECTIONS INFLUENZA INHIBITION INJECTING DRUG USERS INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL AIDS VACCINE INITIATIVE INTERVENTION LAWS LEADERSHIP LEARNING LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT MALE CLIENTS MEASLES MEDICAL RESEARCH MOTHERS NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL NEONATAL TETANUS NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS PARTNERSHIP PATIENTS POLIO POLIO ERADICATION PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PREVENTION EFFORTS PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE SECTOR PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SECTOR CLINICS PUBLIC SERVICES QUALITY ASSURANCE REPRODUCTIVE AGE RISK GROUPS RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR RURAL AREAS SCHOOLS SEX WITH MEN SEX WORKERS SEXUALLY ACTIVE SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL SERVICES STDS STIS SURVEILLANCE DATA TARGET POPULATIONS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES TETANUS USE OF CONDOMS VACCINATION VACCINE PREVENTABLE DISEASES VACCINES VULNERABLE GROUPS YOUTH FUNDING ACCESS TO EDUCATION Even a modestly effective HIV-1 vaccine would be highly useful in India and could avoid millions of deaths. How should such a vaccine be introduced? Based on evidence of adoption of other vaccines in India, current levels of spending on them and coverage of prevention programs targeting both high- and low-risk groups, Seshadri, Subramaniyam, and Jha assess the potential demand for and strategic use of an HIV-1 vaccine in the four southern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. The authors also discuss potential strategies for delivery of the vaccine, prioritization for vaccination, and the political economy of such a vaccine in India. Assuming a vaccine cost of $10 a dose and including estimated delivery costs, the total cost of vaccinating 21.6 million adolescents 11-14 years of age and 1 percent of adults would be Rs. 12.25 billion (US$ 245 million). To maintain the vaccination rate in the 11-14 year old cohort, an additional 6.77 million in that age range would have to be vaccinated each year, at a vaccine cost of Rs. 3.39 billion (US$ 67.5 million). An HIV-1 vaccine will greatly reduce HIV/AIDS in India, but it will not be a panacea. There will be a continued need for effective prevention programs to guard against behavior reversals or an imperfect vaccine. Key inputs for prevention, immunization, and treatment programs such as identification of various groups that could be immunized (vulnerable groups or general populations), strengthened surveillance, capacity building, operations research, and evaluation at local levels will continue to require intensive support. 2014-05-09T19:03:40Z 2014-05-09T19:03:40Z 2003-05 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/05/2378824/potential-demand-strategic-use-hiv-1-vaccine-southern-india http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18219 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 3066 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia India |