Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities
This assessment provides a broad picture of gender disparities in Moldova in agency, education, health, and access to economic opportunities. The gender gap in education is small, yet it is greatest at higher levels of education. Moldova's hea...
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| Format: | Country Gender Assessment (CGA) |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19393609/moldova-gender-disparities-endowments-access-economic-opportunities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18251 |
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okr-10986-18251 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
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English en_US |
| topic |
ABORTION ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ADEQUATE EDUCATION ADOLESCENT FERTILITY ADULT LITERACY ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ALCOHOLISM ARMED CONFLICTS BEATING BIRTH CONTROL CANCER CAUSES OF DEATH COMPLICATIONS CONTRACEPTION CONTRACEPTIVE USE CONTROL OVER RESOURCES COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DEATH RATES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISEASES DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DRUG ABUSE DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATED MEN EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELDERLY ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES EPIDEMIC EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL RIGHTS EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION EXPERIENCED VIOLENCE FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FEMALE MORTALITY FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER WOMEN FORCED MARRIAGE FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GAP BETWEEN GIRLS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER EQUALITY GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ISSUES GENDER ROLES GENDER SEGREGATION GENDER STEREOTYPES GOVERNMENT POLICIES GROSS NATIONAL INCOME HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEMS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE HIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN HIV HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN BEINGS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS HUMAN TRAFFICKING HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFANT MORTALITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNALISTS LABOR CODE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LARGE FAMILIES LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF FERTILITY LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFETIME RISK LIMITED RESOURCES LITERACY RATES MARITAL STATUS MARRIED WOMEN MASCULINITY MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES MATERNITY LEAVE MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORTALITY RATE MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL ACTION NATIONAL ACTION PLAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE NATIONAL PLAN NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING NUMBER OF BIRTHS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF WOMEN OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL PARTIES POPULATION DIVISION PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMAN PREGNANT WOMEN PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PROTECTION MECHANISMS PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN PUBLIC LIFE REMITTANCES REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RISKY BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SEX SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HEALTH SKILL LEVEL SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL FACTORS SOCIAL NORMS SPOUSE SPOUSES SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY LEVELS TOLERANCE TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES TUBERCULOSIS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES UNPROTECTED SEX URBAN AREAS USE OF CONDOMS VICTIMS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN WITH CHILDREN WORKFORCE WORKING POPULATION WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WORLD POPULATION YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN |
| spellingShingle |
ABORTION ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ADEQUATE EDUCATION ADOLESCENT FERTILITY ADULT LITERACY ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ALCOHOLISM ARMED CONFLICTS BEATING BIRTH CONTROL CANCER CAUSES OF DEATH COMPLICATIONS CONTRACEPTION CONTRACEPTIVE USE CONTROL OVER RESOURCES COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DEATH RATES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISEASES DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DRUG ABUSE DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATED MEN EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELDERLY ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES EPIDEMIC EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL RIGHTS EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION EXPERIENCED VIOLENCE FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FEMALE MORTALITY FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER WOMEN FORCED MARRIAGE FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GAP BETWEEN GIRLS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER EQUALITY GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ISSUES GENDER ROLES GENDER SEGREGATION GENDER STEREOTYPES GOVERNMENT POLICIES GROSS NATIONAL INCOME HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEMS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE HIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN HIV HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN BEINGS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS HUMAN TRAFFICKING HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFANT MORTALITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNALISTS LABOR CODE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LARGE FAMILIES LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF FERTILITY LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFETIME RISK LIMITED RESOURCES LITERACY RATES MARITAL STATUS MARRIED WOMEN MASCULINITY MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES MATERNITY LEAVE MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORTALITY RATE MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL ACTION NATIONAL ACTION PLAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE NATIONAL PLAN NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING NUMBER OF BIRTHS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF WOMEN OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL PARTIES POPULATION DIVISION PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMAN PREGNANT WOMEN PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PROTECTION MECHANISMS PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN PUBLIC LIFE REMITTANCES REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RISKY BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SEX SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HEALTH SKILL LEVEL SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL FACTORS SOCIAL NORMS SPOUSE SPOUSES SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY LEVELS TOLERANCE TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES TUBERCULOSIS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES UNPROTECTED SEX URBAN AREAS USE OF CONDOMS VICTIMS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN WITH CHILDREN WORKFORCE WORKING POPULATION WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WORLD POPULATION YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN World Bank Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Moldova |
| description |
This assessment provides a broad picture
of gender disparities in Moldova in agency, education,
health, and access to economic opportunities. The gender gap
in education is small, yet it is greatest at higher levels
of education. Moldova's health indicators are
significantly underperforming compared to other Europe and
Central Asia (ECA) countries, and male mortality is of
greatest concern. Violence against women is one of the most
frequent forms of human rights violations and is widely
accepted by both women and men. Male and female labor force
participation rates are low, and the gender gap is small.
Moldova has one of the highest rates of human trafficking
among neighboring countries and is primarily a source
country. This paper is structured as follows: chapter one
discusses factors which may shape the process of how men and
women use their endowments and utilize economic
opportunities. Chapter two covers human development
disaggregated by gender, focusing on education and health.
Chapter three examines the gender gap in employment and
opportunities, and its implications for the labor market,
particularly, entrepreneurship, and career advancement for
women. Chapter four makes selected policy recommendations. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Country Gender Assessment (CGA) |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| title_short |
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| title_full |
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| title_fullStr |
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities |
| title_sort |
moldova : gender disparities in endowments and access to economic opportunities |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19393609/moldova-gender-disparities-endowments-access-economic-opportunities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18251 |
| _version_ |
1764440249406062592 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-182512021-04-23T14:03:43Z Moldova : Gender Disparities in Endowments and Access to Economic Opportunities World Bank ABORTION ABUSE ACCESS TO EDUCATION ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME ADEQUATE EDUCATION ADOLESCENT FERTILITY ADULT LITERACY ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ALCOHOLISM ARMED CONFLICTS BEATING BIRTH CONTROL CANCER CAUSES OF DEATH COMPLICATIONS CONTRACEPTION CONTRACEPTIVE USE CONTROL OVER RESOURCES COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DEATH RATES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES DISEASES DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DRUG ABUSE DRUGS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ECONOMIC SITUATION ECONOMIC STATUS EDUCATED MEN EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELDERLY ELIMINATION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ENTREPRENEURIAL INITIATIVES EPIDEMIC EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES EQUAL RIGHTS EXCESSIVE CONSUMPTION EXPERIENCED VIOLENCE FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY MEMBERS FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES FEMALE EMPLOYMENT FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FEMALE MORTALITY FERTILITY FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FEWER WOMEN FORCED MARRIAGE FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GAP BETWEEN GIRLS GENDER GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER DISPARITIES GENDER EQUALITY GENDER GAP GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER ISSUES GENDER ROLES GENDER SEGREGATION GENDER STEREOTYPES GOVERNMENT POLICIES GROSS NATIONAL INCOME HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SYSTEMS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE HIGHLY EDUCATED WOMEN HIV HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN BEINGS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS HUMAN TRAFFICKING HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFANT MORTALITY INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNALISTS LABOR CODE LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET LARGE FAMILIES LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF POVERTY LEVELS OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF FERTILITY LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFETIME RISK LIMITED RESOURCES LITERACY RATES MARITAL STATUS MARRIED WOMEN MASCULINITY MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES MATERNITY LEAVE MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORTALITY RATE MOTHER MULTIPLE PARTNERS NATIONAL ACTION NATIONAL ACTION PLAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE NATIONAL PLAN NEED FOR FAMILY PLANNING NUMBER OF BIRTHS NUMBER OF DEATHS NUMBER OF WOMEN OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN POLITICAL INSTABILITY POLITICAL PARTIES POPULATION DIVISION PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMAN PREGNANT WOMEN PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIMARY SCHOOLING PROGRESS PROTECTION MECHANISMS PUBLIC AWARENESS PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CONCERN PUBLIC LIFE REMITTANCES REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH RISKY BEHAVIOR RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOR ROLE MODELS RURAL AREAS RURAL POPULATION RURAL WOMEN SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SEX SEXUAL BEHAVIOR SEXUAL EXPLOITATION SEXUAL HARASSMENT SEXUAL HEALTH SKILL LEVEL SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL FACTORS SOCIAL NORMS SPOUSE SPOUSES SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH TEENAGERS TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY LEVELS TOLERANCE TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES TUBERCULOSIS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION UNPLANNED PREGNANCIES UNPROTECTED SEX URBAN AREAS USE OF CONDOMS VICTIMS VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN IN POLITICS WOMEN WITH CHILDREN WORKFORCE WORKING POPULATION WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WORLD POPULATION YOUNG MEN YOUNG PEOPLE YOUNG WOMEN This assessment provides a broad picture of gender disparities in Moldova in agency, education, health, and access to economic opportunities. The gender gap in education is small, yet it is greatest at higher levels of education. Moldova's health indicators are significantly underperforming compared to other Europe and Central Asia (ECA) countries, and male mortality is of greatest concern. Violence against women is one of the most frequent forms of human rights violations and is widely accepted by both women and men. Male and female labor force participation rates are low, and the gender gap is small. Moldova has one of the highest rates of human trafficking among neighboring countries and is primarily a source country. This paper is structured as follows: chapter one discusses factors which may shape the process of how men and women use their endowments and utilize economic opportunities. Chapter two covers human development disaggregated by gender, focusing on education and health. Chapter three examines the gender gap in employment and opportunities, and its implications for the labor market, particularly, entrepreneurship, and career advancement for women. Chapter four makes selected policy recommendations. 2014-05-12T17:17:32Z 2014-05-12T17:17:32Z 2014-03-30 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/03/19393609/moldova-gender-disparities-endowments-access-economic-opportunities http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18251 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Country Gender Assessment (CGA) Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Moldova |