Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services, and Climate Change : The Economic Problem

Climate change is both a cause and an effect of biodiversity change. Along with anthropogenic dispersion, climate change is the main driver of change in the geographical distribution of both beneficial and harmful species, crops, livestock, harvest...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author:	World Bank
Format:	Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCESS TO GENETIC RESOURCES ACIDIFICATION ACIDITY ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION AGRICULTURAL LANDS AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AIR AIR QUALITY ALBEDO ANIMAL DISEASES ANIMAL HEALTH ANIMALS ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES ATMOSPHERE BALD EAGLE BASES BASIN BENEFIT STREAMS BIOCHEMICALS BIODIVERSITY BIODIVERSITY CHANGE BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION BIODIVERSITY LOSS BIOECONOMIC MODELS BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES BIOMASS BIOMES BIOSPHERE BIOTA BIOTIC RESOURCES CANOPY CARBON CARBON CYCLE CARBON DIOXIDE CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION CARBON EMISSIONS CARBON SEQUESTRATION CARBON SOURCES CH4 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS CLIMATE CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS CLIMATE REGULATION CLIMATES CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CLIMATIC REGULATION CO CO2 CO2 FLUX COASTAL PROTECTION COASTAL ZONES COMBUSTION CONDITIONALITY CONSERVATION OF SPECIES CONSERVATION VALUE CORAL REEFS DEFORESTATION DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DISCOUNT RATES DIVERGENCE DRINKING WATER ECOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES ECOLOGISTS ECOLOGY ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMISTS ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES ECOSYSTEMS ELEVATIONS EMISSION EMISSION REDUCTIONS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE ENDEMISM ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMISTS ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION EQUILIBRIUM EQUITABLE SHARING EROSION CONTROL EXPLOITATION EXTERNALITIES EXTINCTION FERTILIZERS FIRE FISHERIES FLOOD CONTROL FOOD CHAIN FOOD PRODUCTION FORAGE FOREST AREA FOREST CONSERVATION FOREST ECOSYSTEM FOREST LAND FOREST SECTOR FOREST SYSTEMS FORESTRY FORESTS FOSSIL FUEL FOSSIL FUELS FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY GENETIC DIVERSITY GENETIC INFORMATION GENETIC MATERIAL GENETIC RESOURCES GHG GHGS GRASSLANDS GRASSLANDS FOR AGRICULTURE GREENHOUSE GREENHOUSE GAS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTIONS GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GASES HABITAT HIGHER LEVELS OF BIODIVERSITY HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE HYDROSPHERE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS OF POLLUTION INSECT PESTS INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT MODELS INTERNATIONAL BIODIVERSITY INVASIVE SPECIES IPCC LABOR FORCE LAKES LAND AREA LAND COVER LAND RESOURCES LAND USE LAND USE CHANGE LAND USES LANDSCAPE LEMUR LIVING ORGANISMS LOCAL COMMUNITIES MARGINAL COST MARINE ECOSYSTEMS MARINE FOOD MARINE MAMMALS MARINE SYSTEMS MARKET PRICES MARSHES MORTALITY RATE N2O NATIONAL INCOME NATIVE SPECIES NATURAL CAPITAL NATURAL RESOURCE BASE NATURAL RESOURCES NATURE NEGATIVE EFFECTS NITROGEN NUTRIENTS OCEANS PASTURES PATHOGENS PESTICIDES PHARMACEUTICALS PHOTOSYNTHESIS POLLEN POLLUTION POPULATION DENSITY PRECIPITATION PREDATOR PREDATORS PREFERENCES PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS RAINFALL RAINFALL VARIABILITY RANGELANDS RECYCLING RED LIST REGENERATION RELATIVE VALUE REPTILES RESOURCE ALLOCATION RIPARIAN CORRIDORS SHORELINE SHORELINE PROTECTION SMALL WATERSHEDS SOIL EROSION SPECIES SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS SPECIES DIVERSITY SPECIES RICHNESS STATED PREFERENCE METHODS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TEMPERATURE TERRESTRIAL CARBON TERRESTRIAL CARBON SEQUESTRATION TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY THRESHOLDS TIMBER TIMBER FOREST TIMBER FOREST PRODUCTS TOURISM TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE TROPICAL FORESTS TROPICS VALUATION VARIETY VEGETATION WASTE ASSIMILATION WATER QUALITY WEEDS WELFARE FUNCTION WILD SPECIES WILLINGNESS TO PAY
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/11/14176645/biodiversity-ecosystem-services-climate-change-economic-problem http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18379

Description
Summary:	Climate change is both a cause and an effect of biodiversity change. Along with anthropogenic dispersion, climate change is the main driver of change in the geographical distribution of both beneficial and harmful species, crops, livestock, harvested wild species, pests, predators and pathogens. And the capacity of ecosystems to adapt to climate change depends on the diversity of species they currently support. This paper considers the connection between climate, biodiversity and ecosystem services. The impact of climate change on human wellbeing is measured by the change in ecosystem services caused by climate related change in biodiversity. Similarly, the role of species richness and abundance in climate change mitigation or adaptation is measured by the change in the climate-related services of biodiversity. The categories of ecosystem services are those applied in the millennium ecosystem assessment. The paper first considers how climate and biodiversity have been linked in recent attempts to link the two things. From the side of the natural sciences, this covers the consequences of climate change for various dimensions of biodiversity. From the side of the social sciences, it covers the value of biodiversity in the carbon cycle. It then uses insights from the economic treatment of the relation between biodiversity and ecosystem services to re-evaluate the connection between biodiversity and climate change, and to draw conclusions for climate policy.

Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services, and Climate Change : The Economic Problem

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