Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted. Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations in the city....
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700 |
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okr-10986-18700 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AFFORDABILITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ANIMAL DUNG APARTMENTS APPLIANCES APPROACH ASH ASH CONTENT AVAILABILITY BALANCE BANK ACCOUNT BANK OFFICE BANKING SERVICES BOILER BOILERS CARBON MONOXIDE CEMENT CITIES CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS COAL COAL BRIQUETTES COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USAGE COMBUSTION COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITIES COOKING CREDITS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CUSTOMER SERVICES DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DEPOSITS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT CENTER DISTANCE LEARNING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICTS DORMITORIES DWELLING DWELLINGS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELECTRICITY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMISSION EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS ENERGY PRODUCTS ENERGY SECTOR ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM EXCLUSION EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FEMALE FEMALE RESPONDENTS FEMALES FINANCIAL ACCOUNT FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FLUE GASES FORMAL BANKING FORMAL CREDIT FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FURNACES GENDER HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEAT HEATING SYSTEM HEATING SYSTEMS HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE HOME OWNERS HOMEOWNERS HOMES HOT WATER HOUSEHOLD ACCESS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CENSUS HOUSING MARKETS INCOME CATEGORIES INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSULATION INTERNAL FUNDS INTERVENTION LIGHTING LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LOAN LOW-INCOME FAMILIES LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-LOAN MICRO-LOANS MINERAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS PARTICULATE PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PENETRATION RATES PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS PIPES PLUMBING PM POWER POWER PLANT PRIMARY SOURCES PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS PRODUCTION CAPACITY RAW COAL RECEIPT RENTING RESIDENCES RURAL ELECTRIFICATION SAFETY SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCRAP SOFT CREDIT SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS SOLID FUELS SOURCE OF CREDIT SOURCE OF INFORMATION SOURCES OF FUNDS SPACE HEATING SPARE PARTS STOVES SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TENTS THERMAL EFFICIENCY TRAFFIC UNIVERSAL ACCESS URBAN AREAS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WINDS WOOD BURNING Clean Stove |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AFFORDABILITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ANIMAL DUNG APARTMENTS APPLIANCES APPROACH ASH ASH CONTENT AVAILABILITY BALANCE BANK ACCOUNT BANK OFFICE BANKING SERVICES BOILER BOILERS CARBON MONOXIDE CEMENT CITIES CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS COAL COAL BRIQUETTES COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USAGE COMBUSTION COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITIES COOKING CREDITS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CUSTOMER SERVICES DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DEPOSITS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT CENTER DISTANCE LEARNING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICTS DORMITORIES DWELLING DWELLINGS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELECTRICITY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMISSION EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS ENERGY PRODUCTS ENERGY SECTOR ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM EXCLUSION EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FEMALE FEMALE RESPONDENTS FEMALES FINANCIAL ACCOUNT FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FLUE GASES FORMAL BANKING FORMAL CREDIT FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FURNACES GENDER HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEAT HEATING SYSTEM HEATING SYSTEMS HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE HOME OWNERS HOMEOWNERS HOMES HOT WATER HOUSEHOLD ACCESS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CENSUS HOUSING MARKETS INCOME CATEGORIES INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSULATION INTERNAL FUNDS INTERVENTION LIGHTING LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LOAN LOW-INCOME FAMILIES LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-LOAN MICRO-LOANS MINERAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS PARTICULATE PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PENETRATION RATES PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS PIPES PLUMBING PM POWER POWER PLANT PRIMARY SOURCES PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS PRODUCTION CAPACITY RAW COAL RECEIPT RENTING RESIDENCES RURAL ELECTRIFICATION SAFETY SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCRAP SOFT CREDIT SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS SOLID FUELS SOURCE OF CREDIT SOURCE OF INFORMATION SOURCES OF FUNDS SPACE HEATING SPARE PARTS STOVES SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TENTS THERMAL EFFICIENCY TRAFFIC UNIVERSAL ACCESS URBAN AREAS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WINDS WOOD BURNING Clean Stove World Bank Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |
| description |
Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest
capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted.
Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival
but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate
(PM2.5) concentrations in the city. These levels of exposure
are very harmful to health and exceed World Health
Organization (WHO) standards many-fold. The heating
appliances causing the pollution are both traditional stoves
that have been used for generations and, increasingly, coal
fired stove furnaces used by wealthier households. The
overwhelming majority of households in the ger areas
(informal settlements surrounding the city), however, are
poor, and the population continues to grow as job prospects
in Ulaanbaatar attract more migrants. The World Bank
estimates that a reduction of 80 percent of emissions from
ger area heating could achieve a 48 percent reduction in
population weighted exposure to PM2.5. To achieve this, poor
households need to be convinced to permanently switch to
less polluting heating solutions, an effort that will
require a multi-year, coordinated set of policies and
programs. This study takes stock of recent developments and
provides market information on affordability, attitudes,
fuel consumption, and other market information for stoves
and fuels inside and outside Ulaanbaatar. It provides
insights for solutions to the important challenges that
remain to achieve a sustainable market transformation to
low-emission stoves. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| title_short |
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| title_full |
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| title_fullStr |
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar |
| title_sort |
mongolia : heating stove market trends in poor, peri-urban ger areas of ulaanbaatar and selected markets outside ulaanbaatar |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700 |
| _version_ |
1764441805614481408 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-187002021-04-23T14:03:47Z Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar World Bank ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AFFORDABILITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ANIMAL DUNG APARTMENTS APPLIANCES APPROACH ASH ASH CONTENT AVAILABILITY BALANCE BANK ACCOUNT BANK OFFICE BANKING SERVICES BOILER BOILERS CARBON MONOXIDE CEMENT CITIES CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS COAL COAL BRIQUETTES COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USAGE COMBUSTION COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITIES COOKING CREDITS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CUSTOMER SERVICES DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DEPOSITS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT CENTER DISTANCE LEARNING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICTS DORMITORIES DWELLING DWELLINGS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELECTRICITY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMISSION EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS ENERGY PRODUCTS ENERGY SECTOR ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM EXCLUSION EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FEMALE FEMALE RESPONDENTS FEMALES FINANCIAL ACCOUNT FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FLUE GASES FORMAL BANKING FORMAL CREDIT FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FURNACES GENDER HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEAT HEATING SYSTEM HEATING SYSTEMS HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE HOME OWNERS HOMEOWNERS HOMES HOT WATER HOUSEHOLD ACCESS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CENSUS HOUSING MARKETS INCOME CATEGORIES INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSULATION INTERNAL FUNDS INTERVENTION LIGHTING LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LOAN LOW-INCOME FAMILIES LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-LOAN MICRO-LOANS MINERAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS PARTICULATE PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PENETRATION RATES PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS PIPES PLUMBING PM POWER POWER PLANT PRIMARY SOURCES PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS PRODUCTION CAPACITY RAW COAL RECEIPT RENTING RESIDENCES RURAL ELECTRIFICATION SAFETY SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCRAP SOFT CREDIT SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS SOLID FUELS SOURCE OF CREDIT SOURCE OF INFORMATION SOURCES OF FUNDS SPACE HEATING SPARE PARTS STOVES SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TENTS THERMAL EFFICIENCY TRAFFIC UNIVERSAL ACCESS URBAN AREAS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WINDS WOOD BURNING Clean Stove Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted. Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations in the city. These levels of exposure are very harmful to health and exceed World Health Organization (WHO) standards many-fold. The heating appliances causing the pollution are both traditional stoves that have been used for generations and, increasingly, coal fired stove furnaces used by wealthier households. The overwhelming majority of households in the ger areas (informal settlements surrounding the city), however, are poor, and the population continues to grow as job prospects in Ulaanbaatar attract more migrants. The World Bank estimates that a reduction of 80 percent of emissions from ger area heating could achieve a 48 percent reduction in population weighted exposure to PM2.5. To achieve this, poor households need to be convinced to permanently switch to less polluting heating solutions, an effort that will require a multi-year, coordinated set of policies and programs. This study takes stock of recent developments and provides market information on affordability, attitudes, fuel consumption, and other market information for stoves and fuels inside and outside Ulaanbaatar. It provides insights for solutions to the important challenges that remain to achieve a sustainable market transformation to low-emission stoves. 2014-06-20T19:08:24Z 2014-06-20T19:08:24Z 2013-02-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific Mongolia |