Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted. Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations in the city....

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: World Bank
Format: Working Paper
Language:English
en_US
Published: Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:
ASH
LPG
PM
Online Access:http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700
id okr-10986-18700
recordtype oai_dc
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Foreign Institution
institution Digital Repositories
building World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection World Bank
language English
en_US
topic ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
ACCESS TO FINANCE
ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY
ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY
AFFORDABILITY
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION
AIR QUALITY
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM
ALTERNATIVE FUEL
ALTERNATIVE FUELS
AMBIENT AIR
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
ANIMAL DUNG
APARTMENTS
APPLIANCES
APPROACH
ASH
ASH CONTENT
AVAILABILITY
BALANCE
BANK ACCOUNT
BANK OFFICE
BANKING SERVICES
BOILER
BOILERS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CEMENT
CITIES
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN FUELS
COAL
COAL BRIQUETTES
COAL CONSUMPTION
COAL USAGE
COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY
COMMERCIAL BANK
COMMUNITIES
COOKING
CREDITS
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
CUSTOMER SERVICES
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
DEPOSITS
DESCRIPTION
DEVELOPMENT BANK
DEVELOPMENT CENTER
DISTANCE LEARNING
DISTRICT HEATING
DISTRICTS
DORMITORIES
DWELLING
DWELLINGS
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
ELECTRICITY
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
EMISSION
EMISSION FACTORS
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS
ENERGY PRODUCTS
ENERGY SECTOR
ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM
EXCLUSION
EXPENDITURE
EXPENDITURES
FEMALE
FEMALE RESPONDENTS
FEMALES
FINANCIAL ACCOUNT
FINE PARTICULATES
FLUE GAS
FLUE GASES
FORMAL BANKING
FORMAL CREDIT
FUEL
FUEL CONSUMPTION
FUEL COSTS
FUEL EFFICIENCY
FUEL SWITCHING
FUEL TYPE
FUEL USE
FUELS
FURNACES
GENDER
HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD
HEAT
HEATING SYSTEM
HEATING SYSTEMS
HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE
HOME OWNERS
HOMEOWNERS
HOMES
HOT WATER
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS
HOUSEHOLD ENERGY
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLDS
HOUSES
HOUSING
HOUSING CENSUS
HOUSING MARKETS
INCOME CATEGORIES
INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
INSULATION
INTERNAL FUNDS
INTERVENTION
LIGHTING
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOAN
LOW-INCOME FAMILIES
LPG
MARKET DEVELOPMENT
MARKET INFORMATION
MICRO-CREDIT
MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES
MICRO-FINANCE
MICRO-LOAN
MICRO-LOANS
MINERAL RESOURCES
NEIGHBORHOOD
NEIGHBORHOODS
PARTICULATE
PARTICULATE EMISSIONS
PARTICULATE MATTER
PARTICULATES
PENETRATION RATES
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM GAS
PIPES
PLUMBING
PM
POWER
POWER PLANT
PRIMARY SOURCES
PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS
PRODUCTION CAPACITY
RAW COAL
RECEIPT
RENTING
RESIDENCES
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
SAFETY
SAVINGS
SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
SCRAP
SOFT CREDIT
SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS
SOLID FUELS
SOURCE OF CREDIT
SOURCE OF INFORMATION
SOURCES OF FUNDS
SPACE HEATING
SPARE PARTS
STOVES
SUPPLY CHAIN
SUPPLY CHAINS
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
TENTS
THERMAL EFFICIENCY
TRAFFIC
UNIVERSAL ACCESS
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POPULATION
VILLAGES
WINDS
WOOD BURNING
Clean Stove
spellingShingle ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY
ACCESS TO FINANCE
ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY
ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY
AFFORDABILITY
AFFORDABLE HOUSING
AIR POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION
AIR QUALITY
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM
ALTERNATIVE FUEL
ALTERNATIVE FUELS
AMBIENT AIR
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
ANIMAL DUNG
APARTMENTS
APPLIANCES
APPROACH
ASH
ASH CONTENT
AVAILABILITY
BALANCE
BANK ACCOUNT
BANK OFFICE
BANKING SERVICES
BOILER
BOILERS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CEMENT
CITIES
CLEAN AIR
CLEAN FUELS
COAL
COAL BRIQUETTES
COAL CONSUMPTION
COAL USAGE
COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY
COMMERCIAL BANK
COMMUNITIES
COOKING
CREDITS
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
CUSTOMER SERVICES
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
DEPOSITS
DESCRIPTION
DEVELOPMENT BANK
DEVELOPMENT CENTER
DISTANCE LEARNING
DISTRICT HEATING
DISTRICTS
DORMITORIES
DWELLING
DWELLINGS
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
ELECTRICITY
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
EMISSION
EMISSION FACTORS
EMISSION REDUCTION
EMISSIONS
EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS
ENERGY PRODUCTS
ENERGY SECTOR
ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM
EXCLUSION
EXPENDITURE
EXPENDITURES
FEMALE
FEMALE RESPONDENTS
FEMALES
FINANCIAL ACCOUNT
FINE PARTICULATES
FLUE GAS
FLUE GASES
FORMAL BANKING
FORMAL CREDIT
FUEL
FUEL CONSUMPTION
FUEL COSTS
FUEL EFFICIENCY
FUEL SWITCHING
FUEL TYPE
FUEL USE
FUELS
FURNACES
GENDER
HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD
HEAT
HEATING SYSTEM
HEATING SYSTEMS
HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE
HOME OWNERS
HOMEOWNERS
HOMES
HOT WATER
HOUSEHOLD ACCESS
HOUSEHOLD ENERGY
HOUSEHOLD INCOME
HOUSEHOLDS
HOUSES
HOUSING
HOUSING CENSUS
HOUSING MARKETS
INCOME CATEGORIES
INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS
INSULATION
INTERNAL FUNDS
INTERVENTION
LIGHTING
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS
LOAN
LOW-INCOME FAMILIES
LPG
MARKET DEVELOPMENT
MARKET INFORMATION
MICRO-CREDIT
MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES
MICRO-FINANCE
MICRO-LOAN
MICRO-LOANS
MINERAL RESOURCES
NEIGHBORHOOD
NEIGHBORHOODS
PARTICULATE
PARTICULATE EMISSIONS
PARTICULATE MATTER
PARTICULATES
PENETRATION RATES
PETROLEUM
PETROLEUM GAS
PIPES
PLUMBING
PM
POWER
POWER PLANT
PRIMARY SOURCES
PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS
PRODUCTION CAPACITY
RAW COAL
RECEIPT
RENTING
RESIDENCES
RURAL ELECTRIFICATION
SAFETY
SAVINGS
SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
SCRAP
SOFT CREDIT
SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS
SOLID FUELS
SOURCE OF CREDIT
SOURCE OF INFORMATION
SOURCES OF FUNDS
SPACE HEATING
SPARE PARTS
STOVES
SUPPLY CHAIN
SUPPLY CHAINS
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
TENTS
THERMAL EFFICIENCY
TRAFFIC
UNIVERSAL ACCESS
URBAN AREAS
URBAN POPULATION
VILLAGES
WINDS
WOOD BURNING
Clean Stove
World Bank
Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
geographic_facet East Asia and Pacific
Mongolia
description Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted. Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations in the city. These levels of exposure are very harmful to health and exceed World Health Organization (WHO) standards many-fold. The heating appliances causing the pollution are both traditional stoves that have been used for generations and, increasingly, coal fired stove furnaces used by wealthier households. The overwhelming majority of households in the ger areas (informal settlements surrounding the city), however, are poor, and the population continues to grow as job prospects in Ulaanbaatar attract more migrants. The World Bank estimates that a reduction of 80 percent of emissions from ger area heating could achieve a 48 percent reduction in population weighted exposure to PM2.5. To achieve this, poor households need to be convinced to permanently switch to less polluting heating solutions, an effort that will require a multi-year, coordinated set of policies and programs. This study takes stock of recent developments and provides market information on affordability, attitudes, fuel consumption, and other market information for stoves and fuels inside and outside Ulaanbaatar. It provides insights for solutions to the important challenges that remain to achieve a sustainable market transformation to low-emission stoves.
format Publications & Research :: Working Paper
author World Bank
author_facet World Bank
author_sort World Bank
title Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
title_short Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
title_full Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
title_fullStr Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
title_full_unstemmed Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar
title_sort mongolia : heating stove market trends in poor, peri-urban ger areas of ulaanbaatar and selected markets outside ulaanbaatar
publisher Washington, DC
publishDate 2014
url http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700
_version_ 1764441805614481408
spelling okr-10986-187002021-04-23T14:03:47Z Mongolia : Heating Stove Market Trends in Poor, Peri-Urban Ger Areas of Ulaanbaatar and Selected Markets Outside Ulaanbaatar World Bank ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO FINANCE ACCESS TO GRID ELECTRICITY ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY AFFORDABILITY AFFORDABLE HOUSING AIR POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION REDUCTION AIR QUALITY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY ALTERNATIVE ENERGY PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE FUEL ALTERNATIVE FUELS AMBIENT AIR AMBIENT AIR QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS ANIMAL DUNG APARTMENTS APPLIANCES APPROACH ASH ASH CONTENT AVAILABILITY BALANCE BANK ACCOUNT BANK OFFICE BANKING SERVICES BOILER BOILERS CARBON MONOXIDE CEMENT CITIES CLEAN AIR CLEAN FUELS COAL COAL BRIQUETTES COAL CONSUMPTION COAL USAGE COMBUSTION COMBUSTION EFFICIENCY COMMERCIAL BANK COMMUNITIES COOKING CREDITS CUSTOMER SATISFACTION CUSTOMER SERVICES DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DEPOSITS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT BANK DEVELOPMENT CENTER DISTANCE LEARNING DISTRICT HEATING DISTRICTS DORMITORIES DWELLING DWELLINGS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELECTRICITY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA EMISSION EMISSION FACTORS EMISSION REDUCTION EMISSIONS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENT PRODUCTS ENERGY PRODUCTS ENERGY SECTOR ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM EXCLUSION EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES FEMALE FEMALE RESPONDENTS FEMALES FINANCIAL ACCOUNT FINE PARTICULATES FLUE GAS FLUE GASES FORMAL BANKING FORMAL CREDIT FUEL FUEL CONSUMPTION FUEL COSTS FUEL EFFICIENCY FUEL SWITCHING FUEL TYPE FUEL USE FUELS FURNACES GENDER HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD HEAT HEATING SYSTEM HEATING SYSTEMS HIGH INFRASTRUCTURE HOME OWNERS HOMEOWNERS HOMES HOT WATER HOUSEHOLD ACCESS HOUSEHOLD ENERGY HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLDS HOUSES HOUSING HOUSING CENSUS HOUSING MARKETS INCOME CATEGORIES INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS INSULATION INTERNAL FUNDS INTERVENTION LIGHTING LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS LOAN LOW-INCOME FAMILIES LPG MARKET DEVELOPMENT MARKET INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-CREDIT SCHEMES MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-LOAN MICRO-LOANS MINERAL RESOURCES NEIGHBORHOOD NEIGHBORHOODS PARTICULATE PARTICULATE EMISSIONS PARTICULATE MATTER PARTICULATES PENETRATION RATES PETROLEUM PETROLEUM GAS PIPES PLUMBING PM POWER POWER PLANT PRIMARY SOURCES PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURS PRODUCTION CAPACITY RAW COAL RECEIPT RENTING RESIDENCES RURAL ELECTRIFICATION SAFETY SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SCRAP SOFT CREDIT SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS SOLID FUELS SOURCE OF CREDIT SOURCE OF INFORMATION SOURCES OF FUNDS SPACE HEATING SPARE PARTS STOVES SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAINS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL SUPPORT TENTS THERMAL EFFICIENCY TRAFFIC UNIVERSAL ACCESS URBAN AREAS URBAN POPULATION VILLAGES WINDS WOOD BURNING Clean Stove Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is the coldest capital of the world and remains one of its most polluted. Coal and wood burning for heating are essential for survival but contribute about 60 percent of the fine particulate (PM2.5) concentrations in the city. These levels of exposure are very harmful to health and exceed World Health Organization (WHO) standards many-fold. The heating appliances causing the pollution are both traditional stoves that have been used for generations and, increasingly, coal fired stove furnaces used by wealthier households. The overwhelming majority of households in the ger areas (informal settlements surrounding the city), however, are poor, and the population continues to grow as job prospects in Ulaanbaatar attract more migrants. The World Bank estimates that a reduction of 80 percent of emissions from ger area heating could achieve a 48 percent reduction in population weighted exposure to PM2.5. To achieve this, poor households need to be convinced to permanently switch to less polluting heating solutions, an effort that will require a multi-year, coordinated set of policies and programs. This study takes stock of recent developments and provides market information on affordability, attitudes, fuel consumption, and other market information for stoves and fuels inside and outside Ulaanbaatar. It provides insights for solutions to the important challenges that remain to achieve a sustainable market transformation to low-emission stoves. 2014-06-20T19:08:24Z 2014-06-20T19:08:24Z 2013-02-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/02/19403129/mongolia-heating-stove-market-trends-poor-peri-urban-ger-areas-ulaanbaatar-selected-markets-outside-ulaanbaatar-stocktaking-report-mongolia-clean-stoves-initiative http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18700 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research East Asia and Pacific Mongolia