Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan
In the immediate post conflict period, Afghanistan's health services were in a deplorable and chaotic state. Access and utilization of reproductive health services and skilled care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the first month after delive...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/08/19406500/community-midwifery-education-program-afghanistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18701 |
| id |
okr-10986-18701 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABORTION ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES ANTENATAL CARE BABIES BABY BASIC HEALTH SERVICES BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BIG CITIES BIRTH ATTENDANT BIRTH ATTENDANTS CARE DURING PREGNANCY CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CHILDBIRTH CHILDBIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILDBIRTHS CLINICS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY COMPREHENSIVE CARE CULTURAL PRACTICES CULTURAL REALITIES DELIVERY CARE DISEASE DOCTOR DOCTORS DYING EDUCATION FOR GIRLS EDUCATION OF WOMEN EMERGENCY CARE EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL RIGHTS FAMILIES FAMILY CARE FAMILY CARE INTERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY SUPPORT FATHER FEMALE FEMALE PROVIDERS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GENDER GENDER ISSUES GENDER MAINSTREAMING GENDER SENSITIVITY GYNECOLOGY HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE WORKERS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COMMITTEES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH MANAGEMENT HEALTH OF MOTHERS HEALTH OF WOMEN HEALTH POLICY HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROMOTION HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPECIALIST HEALTH STRATEGY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH TARGETS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR HOSPITAL HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DIGNITY HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFECTION PREVENTION INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF MIDWIVES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNAL OF WOMEN LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIVE BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL COMMUNITIES MALE HEALTH MARRIED WOMEN MATERNAL CARE MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL DEATHS MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORBIDITY MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO MEDICAL BULLETIN MEDICINE MIDWIFE MIDWIFERY MIDWIFES MIDWIVES MILLENNIUM DECLARATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MOTHER NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NEONATAL HEALTH NEONATAL MORTALITY NEWBORN NEWBORN CARE NEWBORN HEALTH NEWBORNS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NURSE NURSES NURSING NUTRITION OBSTETRIC SERVICES OBSTETRICS OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN OUTREACH ACTIVITIES PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BEHAVIOR PHYSICIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY-MAKING PROCESS POPULATION DISCUSSION POSTNATAL CARE PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS PREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSES PREGNANT WOMAN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH FACILITIES PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PROGNOSIS PROGRESS PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL PROVINCIAL HOSPITALS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF SERVICES RELIGIOUS LEADERS REPRODUCTIVE AGE REPRODUCTIVE AGE MORTALITY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE RESPECT RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFE MOTHERHOOD SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SERVICES TO WOMEN SEX SEXUALITY SKILLED ATTENDANCE SKILLED ATTENDANTS SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS SKILLED CARE SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL STATUS SPECIALIST SPECIALISTS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL CAPACITY TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS TRADITIONAL HEALERS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND UNSAFE ABORTION URBAN POPULATIONS VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN'S HEALTH WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION |
| spellingShingle |
ABORTION ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES ANTENATAL CARE BABIES BABY BASIC HEALTH SERVICES BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BIG CITIES BIRTH ATTENDANT BIRTH ATTENDANTS CARE DURING PREGNANCY CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CHILDBIRTH CHILDBIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILDBIRTHS CLINICS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY COMPREHENSIVE CARE CULTURAL PRACTICES CULTURAL REALITIES DELIVERY CARE DISEASE DOCTOR DOCTORS DYING EDUCATION FOR GIRLS EDUCATION OF WOMEN EMERGENCY CARE EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL RIGHTS FAMILIES FAMILY CARE FAMILY CARE INTERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY SUPPORT FATHER FEMALE FEMALE PROVIDERS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GENDER GENDER ISSUES GENDER MAINSTREAMING GENDER SENSITIVITY GYNECOLOGY HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE WORKERS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COMMITTEES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH MANAGEMENT HEALTH OF MOTHERS HEALTH OF WOMEN HEALTH POLICY HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROMOTION HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPECIALIST HEALTH STRATEGY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH TARGETS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR HOSPITAL HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DIGNITY HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFECTION PREVENTION INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF MIDWIVES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNAL OF WOMEN LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIVE BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL COMMUNITIES MALE HEALTH MARRIED WOMEN MATERNAL CARE MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL DEATHS MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORBIDITY MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO MEDICAL BULLETIN MEDICINE MIDWIFE MIDWIFERY MIDWIFES MIDWIVES MILLENNIUM DECLARATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MOTHER NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NEONATAL HEALTH NEONATAL MORTALITY NEWBORN NEWBORN CARE NEWBORN HEALTH NEWBORNS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NURSE NURSES NURSING NUTRITION OBSTETRIC SERVICES OBSTETRICS OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN OUTREACH ACTIVITIES PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BEHAVIOR PHYSICIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY-MAKING PROCESS POPULATION DISCUSSION POSTNATAL CARE PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS PREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSES PREGNANT WOMAN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH FACILITIES PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PROGNOSIS PROGRESS PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL PROVINCIAL HOSPITALS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF SERVICES RELIGIOUS LEADERS REPRODUCTIVE AGE REPRODUCTIVE AGE MORTALITY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE RESPECT RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFE MOTHERHOOD SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SERVICES TO WOMEN SEX SEXUALITY SKILLED ATTENDANCE SKILLED ATTENDANTS SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS SKILLED CARE SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL STATUS SPECIALIST SPECIALISTS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL CAPACITY TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS TRADITIONAL HEALERS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND UNSAFE ABORTION URBAN POPULATIONS VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN'S HEALTH WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Mohmand, Khalil Ahmad Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| geographic_facet |
South Asia Afghanistan |
| relation |
Health, Nutrition, and Population (HNP)
discussion paper; |
| description |
In the immediate post conflict period,
Afghanistan's health services were in a deplorable and
chaotic state. Access and utilization of reproductive health
services and skilled care during pregnancy, childbirth, and
the first month after delivery are key to saving those women
at risk of dying due to pregnancy and childbirth
complications. In a society where women seek care only from
female providers, one barrier to expansion of services was
the lack of qualified female health workers who could be
deployed to remote health facilities. Very few midwives who
had trained in Kabul or other big cities were willing to
work in rural areas, and there were no education facilities
and too few female school graduates who could be trained in
the provinces. As maternal health was one of the top
priorities of the health sector, the shortage of midwives to
provide reproductive health services had to be tackled
urgently. Hence the Community Midwifery Education (CME)
Program was created. The program aimed not only to train
more midwives, but also to ensure both their initial
deployment in remote health facilities as well as good
retention rates. These aims were realized through the
creation of a new health cadre known as "community
midwives," along with new competency-based curricula;
establishment of CME schools in each province; relaxation of
the admission criteria for students; and establishment of a
strong accreditation board to ensure qualified midwives were
trained by the program. The program's success is
attributed to stakeholder strong engagement, equity, and
strengthened human resource for health. The program should
be expanded to address the continuing shortage of midwives.
The Mnistry of Public Health considers the program a
successful intervention and believes that there is great
potential to replicate this model to train other health
professionals and tackle the shortage of other human
resources for health. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Mohmand, Khalil Ahmad |
| author_facet |
Mohmand, Khalil Ahmad |
| author_sort |
Mohmand, Khalil Ahmad |
| title |
Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| title_short |
Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| title_full |
Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| title_fullStr |
Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan |
| title_sort |
community midwifery education program in afghanistan |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/08/19406500/community-midwifery-education-program-afghanistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18701 |
| _version_ |
1764441808489676800 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-187012021-04-23T14:03:47Z Community Midwifery Education Program in Afghanistan Mohmand, Khalil Ahmad ABORTION ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ACCESS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES ANTENATAL CARE BABIES BABY BASIC HEALTH SERVICES BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH BASIC REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES BEHAVIOR CHANGE BIG CITIES BIRTH ATTENDANT BIRTH ATTENDANTS CARE DURING PREGNANCY CHILD CARE CHILD HEALTH CHILD HEALTH SERVICES CHILDBIRTH CHILDBIRTH COMPLICATIONS CHILDBIRTHS CLINICS COMMUNITY HEALTH COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY COMPREHENSIVE CARE CULTURAL PRACTICES CULTURAL REALITIES DELIVERY CARE DISEASE DOCTOR DOCTORS DYING EDUCATION FOR GIRLS EDUCATION OF WOMEN EMERGENCY CARE EMERGENCY OBSTETRIC CARE EQUAL ACCESS EQUAL RIGHTS FAMILIES FAMILY CARE FAMILY CARE INTERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING FAMILY SUPPORT FATHER FEMALE FEMALE PROVIDERS FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION GENDER GENDER ISSUES GENDER MAINSTREAMING GENDER SENSITIVITY GYNECOLOGY HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CARE WORKERS HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COMMITTEES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH MANAGEMENT HEALTH OF MOTHERS HEALTH OF WOMEN HEALTH POLICY HEALTH PROBLEMS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROMOTION HEALTH PROVIDERS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SERVICE HEALTH SERVICE PROVIDERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPECIALIST HEALTH STRATEGY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH TARGETS HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-SEEKING BEHAVIOR HOSPITAL HOSPITALS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DIGNITY HUMAN RESOURCES HUMAN RIGHTS HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS HUSBANDS INFANT INFANT HEALTH INFECTION PREVENTION INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF MIDWIVES INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS INTERVENTION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOURNAL OF WOMEN LEVELS OF EDUCATION LIVE BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL COMMUNITIES MALE HEALTH MARRIED WOMEN MATERNAL CARE MATERNAL DEATH MATERNAL DEATHS MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL MORBIDITY MATERNAL MORTALITY MATERNAL MORTALITY RATIO MEDICAL BULLETIN MEDICINE MIDWIFE MIDWIFERY MIDWIFES MIDWIVES MILLENNIUM DECLARATION MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINISTRY OF EDUCATION MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY MORTALITY RATE MOTHER NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEM NATIONAL LEVEL NATIONAL POLICY NEONATAL HEALTH NEONATAL MORTALITY NEWBORN NEWBORN CARE NEWBORN HEALTH NEWBORNS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NURSE NURSES NURSING NUTRITION OBSTETRIC SERVICES OBSTETRICS OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN OUTREACH ACTIVITIES PATIENT PATIENTS PERSONAL BEHAVIOR PHYSICIAN PHYSIOTHERAPISTS POLICY LEVEL POLICY MAKERS POLICY-MAKING PROCESS POPULATION DISCUSSION POSTNATAL CARE PREGNANCIES PREGNANCY PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS PREGNANCY-RELATED CAUSES PREGNANT WOMAN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH FACILITIES PRIMARY HEALTH SERVICES PROGNOSIS PROGRESS PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL PROVINCIAL HOSPITALS PROVISION OF SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICIALS QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF SERVICES RELIGIOUS LEADERS REPRODUCTIVE AGE REPRODUCTIVE AGE MORTALITY REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH SERVICES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE RESPECT RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES SAFE MOTHERHOOD SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVIDERS SERVICE PROVISION SERVICES TO WOMEN SEX SEXUALITY SKILLED ATTENDANCE SKILLED ATTENDANTS SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANTS SKILLED CARE SOCIAL COMMISSION SOCIAL MARKETING SOCIAL STATUS SPECIALIST SPECIALISTS TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TECHNICAL CAPACITY TRADITIONAL BIRTH ATTENDANTS TRADITIONAL HEALERS UNFPA UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND UNSAFE ABORTION URBAN POPULATIONS VULNERABILITY WOMAN WOMEN'S HEALTH WORKERS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION In the immediate post conflict period, Afghanistan's health services were in a deplorable and chaotic state. Access and utilization of reproductive health services and skilled care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the first month after delivery are key to saving those women at risk of dying due to pregnancy and childbirth complications. In a society where women seek care only from female providers, one barrier to expansion of services was the lack of qualified female health workers who could be deployed to remote health facilities. Very few midwives who had trained in Kabul or other big cities were willing to work in rural areas, and there were no education facilities and too few female school graduates who could be trained in the provinces. As maternal health was one of the top priorities of the health sector, the shortage of midwives to provide reproductive health services had to be tackled urgently. Hence the Community Midwifery Education (CME) Program was created. The program aimed not only to train more midwives, but also to ensure both their initial deployment in remote health facilities as well as good retention rates. These aims were realized through the creation of a new health cadre known as "community midwives," along with new competency-based curricula; establishment of CME schools in each province; relaxation of the admission criteria for students; and establishment of a strong accreditation board to ensure qualified midwives were trained by the program. The program's success is attributed to stakeholder strong engagement, equity, and strengthened human resource for health. The program should be expanded to address the continuing shortage of midwives. The Mnistry of Public Health considers the program a successful intervention and believes that there is great potential to replicate this model to train other health professionals and tackle the shortage of other human resources for health. 2014-06-20T19:12:53Z 2014-06-20T19:12:53Z 2013-08-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/08/19406500/community-midwifery-education-program-afghanistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18701 English en_US Health, Nutrition, and Population (HNP) discussion paper; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Afghanistan |