Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil
The authors study the impact of the 1988-94 trade liberalization in Brazil on wage distribution. They explore three main channels through which trade liberalization could have affected wage distribution: (1) increasing returns to skilled workers be...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2166848/trade-liberalization-labor-market-adjustment-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19038 |
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okr-10986-190382021-04-23T14:03:42Z Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil Pavcnik, Nina Blom, Andreas Goldberg, Pinelopi Schady, Norbert AVERAGE TARIFF LEVELS CHANGES IN TRADE CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT GROWTH EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY FREE TRADE GNP HIGH LEVELS IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY MARKET PRICES METROPOLITAN AREAS OPENNESS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLICY MAKERS PRICE INDEX PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF DATA TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION INCREASES TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRANSPORT UNSKILLED UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE INEQUALITY WAGES The authors study the impact of the 1988-94 trade liberalization in Brazil on wage distribution. They explore three main channels through which trade liberalization could have affected wage distribution: (1) increasing returns to skilled workers because of Hecksher-Ohlin adjustments to trade policy; (2) trade-induced skill-biased technological change; and (3) changes in industry wage premiums. The results suggest that trade reform in Brazil did contribute to the growing skill premium through skill-biased technological change, which was partially instigated by increased foreign competition. The authors also find that sector-specific returns to skill increased more in sectors with bigger tariff reductions. But they find little support for Hecksher-Ohlin type adjustments to trade reform. Overall, the effects of trade reform on wage inequality seem relatively small. 2014-07-29T14:09:39Z 2014-07-29T14:09:39Z 2003-03 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2166848/trade-liberalization-labor-market-adjustment-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19038 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2982 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
AVERAGE TARIFF LEVELS CHANGES IN TRADE CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT GROWTH EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY FREE TRADE GNP HIGH LEVELS IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY MARKET PRICES METROPOLITAN AREAS OPENNESS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLICY MAKERS PRICE INDEX PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF DATA TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION INCREASES TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRANSPORT UNSKILLED UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE INEQUALITY WAGES |
| spellingShingle |
AVERAGE TARIFF LEVELS CHANGES IN TRADE CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT GROWTH EXPORTS FACTOR MARKETS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FOREIGN COMPETITION FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY FREE TRADE GNP HIGH LEVELS IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INEQUALITY INNOVATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET ADJUSTMENT LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKETS MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY MARKET PRICES METROPOLITAN AREAS OPENNESS POLICY INSTRUMENTS POLICY MAKERS PRICE INDEX PRODUCTIVITY PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF DATA TARIFF REDUCTION TARIFF REDUCTIONS TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TERTIARY EDUCATION TRADE BARRIERS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION INCREASES TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE POLICY TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRANSPORT UNSKILLED UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DIFFERENTIALS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE INEQUALITY WAGES Pavcnik, Nina Blom, Andreas Goldberg, Pinelopi Schady, Norbert Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2982 |
| description |
The authors study the impact of the
1988-94 trade liberalization in Brazil on wage distribution.
They explore three main channels through which trade
liberalization could have affected wage distribution: (1)
increasing returns to skilled workers because of
Hecksher-Ohlin adjustments to trade policy; (2)
trade-induced skill-biased technological change; and (3)
changes in industry wage premiums. The results suggest that
trade reform in Brazil did contribute to the growing skill
premium through skill-biased technological change, which was
partially instigated by increased foreign competition. The
authors also find that sector-specific returns to skill
increased more in sectors with bigger tariff reductions. But
they find little support for Hecksher-Ohlin type adjustments
to trade reform. Overall, the effects of trade reform on
wage inequality seem relatively small. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Pavcnik, Nina Blom, Andreas Goldberg, Pinelopi Schady, Norbert |
| author_facet |
Pavcnik, Nina Blom, Andreas Goldberg, Pinelopi Schady, Norbert |
| author_sort |
Pavcnik, Nina |
| title |
Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| title_short |
Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| title_full |
Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Trade Liberalization and Labor Market Adjustment in Brazil |
| title_sort |
trade liberalization and labor market adjustment in brazil |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2166848/trade-liberalization-labor-market-adjustment-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19038 |
| _version_ |
1764439328919912448 |