Poverty, AIDS, and Children's Schooling : A Targeting Dilemma

The authors analyze the relationship between orphan status, household wealth, and child school enrollment using data collected in the 1990s from 28 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and one country in Southeast Asia. Th...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Ainsworth, Martha, Filmer, Deon
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCOUNT ADOPTED CHILDREN ADULT LITERACY ADULT MORTALITY AFFECTED CHILDREN AGE GROUPS AIDS DEATHS AIDS EPIDEMIC AIDS MORTALITY AIDS ORPHANS AIDS PANDEMIC BASIC EDUCATION CHILD FOSTERING CHILD WELFARE COMPULSORY PRIMARY EDUCATION CONTINUING EDUCATION DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN DISPLACED CHILDREN DISTRIBUTION OF ORPHANS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY CHILDHOOD CARE ENROLLMENT ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES ENROLLMENT RATIO EQUAL ACCESS EXTENDED FAMILY FEMALE ORPHANS GIRLS GUARDIANS HIV HIV INFECTION HIV INFECTION RATES HOUSEHOLDS WITH ORPHANS HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INTERVENTIONS INVESTIGATION INVESTIGATIONS LEARNING LIFE SKILLS LIVING STANDARDS MATERNAL ORPHANS NET ENROLLMENT NUMBER OF ORPHANS OLDER CHILDREN ORPHAN ENROLLMENT ORPHAN STATUS ORPHANAGES ORPHANED CHILDREN ORPHANS PARENTS PARITY PATERNAL ORPHANS POOR CHILDREN PRIMARY SCHOOL REPETITION RATES SCHOOL CHILDREN SECONDARY EDUCATION SOCIAL PROTECTION SPECIAL NEEDS UNAIDS WAR WAR ORPHANS YOUNG PEOPLE POVERTY INCIDENCE ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME CHILDREN IN POVERTY HOUSEHOLD INCOME SCHOOL ENROLLMENT DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS GENDER BIAS SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS POLICY FRAMEWORK
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2002/09/2017579/poverty-aids-childrens-schooling-targeting-dilemma http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19289

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Summary:	The authors analyze the relationship between orphan status, household wealth, and child school enrollment using data collected in the 1990s from 28 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and one country in Southeast Asia. The findings point to considerable diversity—so much so that generalizations are not possible. While there are some examples of large differentials in enrollment by orphan status, in the majority of cases the orphan enrollment gap is dwarfed by the gap between children from richer and poorer households. In some cases, even non-orphaned children from the top of the wealth distribution have low enrollments, pointing to fundamental issues in the supply or demand for schooling that are a constraint to higher enrollments of all children. The gap in enrollment between female and male orphans is not much different than the gap between girls and boys with living parents, suggesting that female orphans are not disproportionately affected in terms of their enrollment in most countries. These diverse findings demonstrate that the extent to which orphans are under-enrolled relative to other children is country-specific, at least in part because the correlation between orphan status and poverty is not consistent across countries. Social protection and schooling policies need to assess the specific country situation before considering mitigation measures.

Poverty, AIDS, and Children's Schooling : A Targeting Dilemma

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