Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation
In this paper, developed as part of the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook, the authors examine how to implement trade liberalization as part of a strategy for alleviating poverty in developing countries. They discuss trade pol...
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| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/12/1660257/trade-policy-reform-poverty-alleviation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19414 |
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okr-10986-19414 |
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oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADJUSTMENT POLICIES ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURE ANTI- EXPORT BIAS ANTI-EXPORT BIAS ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING DUTY ANTIDUMPING PROCEDURES AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE LEVEL BENCHMARKING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CARTEL COMMERCIAL POLICY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCES CONSUMER PROTECTION CONSUMERS COUNTRY DATA CROSS COUNTRY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DUTY DRAWBACK SCHEMES ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE BIAS EXPENDITURES EXPORT BIAS EXPORT INCENTIVES EXPORT INDUSTRIES EXPORT MARKET EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT PROCESSING EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINAL GOODS FINANCIAL SECTOR FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FIRMS FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE FUELS GDP GLOBAL ECONOMY GROSS EXPORTS GROWTH RATE IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INEFFICIENCY INTEREST RATES INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LONG RUN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET FAILURES MARKET POWER MONOPOLIES NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NON-TARIFF BARRIERS NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS OPENNESS OUTPUT GROWTH OVERVALUED EXCHANGE PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY CHANGES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL STABILITY POOR POLICIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PRICE OF IMPORTS PRIVATE PROPERTY PRO-POOR PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SECTOR QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REDUCED POVERTY REDUCING POVERTY REFORM PROGRAMS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE RELATIVE PRICES RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ALLOCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL POOR SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SIGNIFICANT EFFECT TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TAXATION TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FINANCE TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY INSTRUMENTS TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRADE REGIMES TRADE REMEDIES UNEMPLOYMENT UNIFORM TARIFFS UNSKILLED LABOR WAGES WELFARE GAINS WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICES WTO ZERO TARIFFS |
| spellingShingle |
ADJUSTMENT POLICIES ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURE ANTI- EXPORT BIAS ANTI-EXPORT BIAS ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING DUTY ANTIDUMPING PROCEDURES AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE LEVEL BENCHMARKING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CARTEL COMMERCIAL POLICY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCES CONSUMER PROTECTION CONSUMERS COUNTRY DATA CROSS COUNTRY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DUTY DRAWBACK SCHEMES ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE BIAS EXPENDITURES EXPORT BIAS EXPORT INCENTIVES EXPORT INDUSTRIES EXPORT MARKET EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT PROCESSING EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINAL GOODS FINANCIAL SECTOR FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FIRMS FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE FUELS GDP GLOBAL ECONOMY GROSS EXPORTS GROWTH RATE IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INEFFICIENCY INTEREST RATES INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LONG RUN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET FAILURES MARKET POWER MONOPOLIES NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NON-TARIFF BARRIERS NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS OPENNESS OUTPUT GROWTH OVERVALUED EXCHANGE PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY CHANGES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL STABILITY POOR POLICIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PRICE OF IMPORTS PRIVATE PROPERTY PRO-POOR PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SECTOR QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REDUCED POVERTY REDUCING POVERTY REFORM PROGRAMS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE RELATIVE PRICES RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ALLOCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL POOR SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SIGNIFICANT EFFECT TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TAXATION TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FINANCE TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY INSTRUMENTS TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRADE REGIMES TRADE REMEDIES UNEMPLOYMENT UNIFORM TARIFFS UNSKILLED LABOR WAGES WELFARE GAINS WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICES WTO ZERO TARIFFS Hoekman, Bernard Michalopoulos, Constantine Schiff, Maurice Tarr, David Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2733 |
| description |
In this paper, developed as part of the
World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook, the
authors examine how to implement trade liberalization as
part of a strategy for alleviating poverty in developing
countries. They discuss trade policy instruments,
institutions, complementary policies, sector issues,
adjustment policies, and safety nets in an integrated
approach to trade policy as a tool for poverty alleviation.
The authors examine the patterns or models of trade policy
that have been successful in alleviating poverty. They
discuss the role of tariffs, nontariff barriers, contingent
protection (such as safeguards and antidumping), special
import regimes (such as duty drawback), export taxes, export
subsidies, and trade-related institutions (such as
standards, marketing, export finance, customs clearance, and
regional trade arrangements). The authors also discuss
policies that complement successful trade reform, including
macroeconomic stability, a competitive exchange rate,
flexible labor markets, competitive product markets, and
policies that do not discriminate against foreigners in
investment. They suggest approaches to policies and
institutions in services and agriculture, key sectors in
poverty reduction. They explain the roles of retraining and
safety nets in dealing with the adjustment costs of trade
liberalization. Finally, the authors elaborate guidelines
for implementing trade reform and explain tools for
assessing whether trade reform will help or harm the poor in
particular sectors in the short run. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Hoekman, Bernard Michalopoulos, Constantine Schiff, Maurice Tarr, David |
| author_facet |
Hoekman, Bernard Michalopoulos, Constantine Schiff, Maurice Tarr, David |
| author_sort |
Hoekman, Bernard |
| title |
Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| title_short |
Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| title_full |
Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| title_fullStr |
Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation |
| title_sort |
trade policy reform and poverty alleviation |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/12/1660257/trade-policy-reform-poverty-alleviation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19414 |
| _version_ |
1764439800202395648 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-194142021-04-23T14:03:42Z Trade Policy Reform and Poverty Alleviation Hoekman, Bernard Michalopoulos, Constantine Schiff, Maurice Tarr, David ADJUSTMENT POLICIES ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES AGRICULTURE ANTI- EXPORT BIAS ANTI-EXPORT BIAS ANTIDUMPING ANTIDUMPING DUTY ANTIDUMPING PROCEDURES AVERAGE INCOME AVERAGE LEVEL BENCHMARKING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CARTEL COMMERCIAL POLICY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE COMPETITIVE EXCHANGE RATE COMPETITIVENESS CONSIDERABLE DIFFERENCES CONSUMER PROTECTION CONSUMERS COUNTRY DATA CROSS COUNTRY CUSTOMS CUSTOMS CLEARANCE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPING COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH DOMESTIC INDUSTRY DOMESTIC MARKET DOMESTIC MARKETS DOMESTIC PRODUCERS DUTY DRAWBACK SCHEMES ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE EMPIRICAL STUDIES EMPLOYMENT EXCHANGE RATE BIAS EXPENDITURES EXPORT BIAS EXPORT INCENTIVES EXPORT INDUSTRIES EXPORT MARKET EXPORT PRICE EXPORT PRICES EXPORT PROCESSING EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE EXPORT PROCESSING ZONES EXPORT SUBSIDIES EXPORT TAXES EXPORTERS EXPORTS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FINAL GOODS FINANCIAL SECTOR FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN FIRMS FREE ACCESS FREE TRADE FUELS GDP GLOBAL ECONOMY GROSS EXPORTS GROWTH RATE IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPACT OF TRADE REFORMS IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT CONTROLS IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IMPORT TARIFFS INCOME INCOME REDISTRIBUTION INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES INEFFICIENCY INTEREST RATES INTERMEDIATE INPUTS INTERNATIONAL MARKET INTERNATIONAL MARKETS INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKETS LIBERALIZATION OF TRADE LONG RUN LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT MACROECONOMIC MANAGEMENT MACROECONOMIC POLICIES MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET FAILURES MARKET POWER MONOPOLIES NEGATIVE EFFECT NEGATIVE IMPACT NON-TARIFF BARRIERS NON-TRADITIONAL EXPORTS OPENNESS OUTPUT GROWTH OVERVALUED EXCHANGE PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY CHANGES POLICY INSTRUMENT POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL ECONOMY POLITICAL STABILITY POOR POLICIES POVERTY ALLEVIATION POVERTY LINE POVERTY REDUCTION POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY PRICE DISCRIMINATION PRICE OF IMPORTS PRIVATE PROPERTY PRO-POOR PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCTIVITY PROPERTY RIGHTS PUBLIC SECTOR QUOTAS RAPID GROWTH REAL EXCHANGE RATE REDISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS REDISTRIBUTIVE POLICIES REDUCED POVERTY REDUCING POVERTY REFORM PROGRAMS REGIONAL INTEGRATION REGIONAL TRADE RELATIVE PRICES RENT SEEKING RESOURCE ALLOCATION RURAL AREAS RURAL POOR SAFEGUARD ACTIONS SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SIGNIFICANT EFFECT TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF STRUCTURES TAXATION TRADE TRADE BARRIERS TRADE FINANCE TRADE INTEGRATION TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE POLICIES TRADE POLICY TRADE POLICY INSTRUMENTS TRADE POLICY REFORM TRADE PROTECTION TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE REGIME TRADE REGIMES TRADE REMEDIES UNEMPLOYMENT UNIFORM TARIFFS UNSKILLED LABOR WAGES WELFARE GAINS WORLD MARKETS WORLD PRICES WTO ZERO TARIFFS In this paper, developed as part of the World Bank's Poverty Reduction Strategy Sourcebook, the authors examine how to implement trade liberalization as part of a strategy for alleviating poverty in developing countries. They discuss trade policy instruments, institutions, complementary policies, sector issues, adjustment policies, and safety nets in an integrated approach to trade policy as a tool for poverty alleviation. The authors examine the patterns or models of trade policy that have been successful in alleviating poverty. They discuss the role of tariffs, nontariff barriers, contingent protection (such as safeguards and antidumping), special import regimes (such as duty drawback), export taxes, export subsidies, and trade-related institutions (such as standards, marketing, export finance, customs clearance, and regional trade arrangements). The authors also discuss policies that complement successful trade reform, including macroeconomic stability, a competitive exchange rate, flexible labor markets, competitive product markets, and policies that do not discriminate against foreigners in investment. They suggest approaches to policies and institutions in services and agriculture, key sectors in poverty reduction. They explain the roles of retraining and safety nets in dealing with the adjustment costs of trade liberalization. Finally, the authors elaborate guidelines for implementing trade reform and explain tools for assessing whether trade reform will help or harm the poor in particular sectors in the short run. 2014-08-19T16:20:31Z 2014-08-19T16:20:31Z 2001-12 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/12/1660257/trade-policy-reform-poverty-alleviation http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19414 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2733 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research |