Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths

Uzbekistan adopted a cautious, gradual approach to market reform. Kazakhstan followed a more aggressive strategy. But while Kazakhstan may have achieved a better policy environment, its economic performance has not been better than Uzbekistan'...

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Main Authors:	Alam, Asad, Banerji, Arup
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SYSTEM BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS BUDGETARY RESOURCES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CASH PAYMENTS CENTRAL BANK CENTRAL PLANNING CIVIL RIGHTS COLONIALISM COMMERCIAL BANKS COMMUNIST COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY CONSUMERS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATE TAXES CORRUPTION CPI CRIME DATA COLLECTION DEBT DEVALUATION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIRECT INVESTMENT DRINKING WATER ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ENTERPRISE RESTRUCTURING EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPLOITATION EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISES FISCAL FISCAL ADJUSTMENT FISCAL CRISIS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL STANCE FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE LIBERALIZATION FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS GDP GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT BUDGETS GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION GROWTH GROWTH PERFORMANCE GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL STOCK HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIALIZATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INHERITANCE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL INCENTIVES INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INTEREST RATE INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY JUDICIARY LAISSEZ FAIRE LIQUIDITY LITERACY RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENT M2 MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCES MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICY MARKET ECONOMY METALS MULTIPLIER EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL RESERVES OIL SECTOR PENSION FUNDS PENSION REFORM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLITICAL FREEDOMS POPULATION GROWTH PRESIDENTS PRIVATIZATION PROCEEDS PRODUCERS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REAL GDP RELATIVE PRICES SAFETY NETS SECURITIES SHORT- TERM DEBT SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL SAFETY SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECTOR SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS STABILIZATION POLICIES STATE CONTROL TAX BASE TAX REFORM TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPENDITURES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE TAXES TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES WAGES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/11/717495/uzbekistan-kazakhstan-tale-two-transition-paths http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19763

id	okr-10986-19763
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-197632021-04-23T14:03:44Z Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths Alam, Asad Banerji, Arup AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SYSTEM BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS BUDGETARY RESOURCES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CASH PAYMENTS CENTRAL BANK CENTRAL PLANNING CIVIL RIGHTS COLONIALISM COMMERCIAL BANKS COMMUNIST COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY CONSUMERS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATE TAXES CORRUPTION CPI CRIME DATA COLLECTION DEBT DEVALUATION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIRECT INVESTMENT DRINKING WATER ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ENTERPRISE RESTRUCTURING EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPLOITATION EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISES FISCAL FISCAL ADJUSTMENT FISCAL CRISIS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL STANCE FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE LIBERALIZATION FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS GDP GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT BUDGETS GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION GROWTH GROWTH PERFORMANCE GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL STOCK HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIALIZATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INHERITANCE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL INCENTIVES INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INTEREST RATE INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY JUDICIARY LAISSEZ FAIRE LIQUIDITY LITERACY RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENT M2 MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCES MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICY MARKET ECONOMY METALS MULTIPLIER EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL RESERVES OIL SECTOR PENSION FUNDS PENSION REFORM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLITICAL FREEDOMS POPULATION GROWTH PRESIDENTS PRIVATIZATION PROCEEDS PRODUCERS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REAL GDP RELATIVE PRICES SAFETY NETS SECURITIES SHORT- TERM DEBT SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL SAFETY SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECTOR SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS STABILIZATION POLICIES STATE CONTROL TAX BASE TAX REFORM TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPENDITURES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE TAXES TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES WAGES Uzbekistan adopted a cautious, gradual approach to market reform. Kazakhstan followed a more aggressive strategy. But while Kazakhstan may have achieved a better policy environment, its economic performance has not been better than Uzbekistan's. The authors examine the interplay between policies, institutions, and initial conditions, to examine several competing, and complementary hypotheses about why the paths the two Central Asian countries took, may have led to different economic outcomes. One possibility is that missing pieces in reform - especially deficiencies in the competitive environment - in combination with a rapidly diminishing role for the state, may have limited the gains from the policy reforms in Kazakhstan. 2014-08-27T18:14:23Z 2014-08-27T18:14:23Z 2000-11 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/11/717495/uzbekistan-kazakhstan-tale-two-transition-paths http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19763 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2472 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan Uzbekistan
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SYSTEM BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS BUDGETARY RESOURCES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CASH PAYMENTS CENTRAL BANK CENTRAL PLANNING CIVIL RIGHTS COLONIALISM COMMERCIAL BANKS COMMUNIST COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY CONSUMERS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATE TAXES CORRUPTION CPI CRIME DATA COLLECTION DEBT DEVALUATION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIRECT INVESTMENT DRINKING WATER ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ENTERPRISE RESTRUCTURING EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPLOITATION EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISES FISCAL FISCAL ADJUSTMENT FISCAL CRISIS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL STANCE FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE LIBERALIZATION FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS GDP GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT BUDGETS GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION GROWTH GROWTH PERFORMANCE GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL STOCK HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIALIZATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INHERITANCE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL INCENTIVES INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INTEREST RATE INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY JUDICIARY LAISSEZ FAIRE LIQUIDITY LITERACY RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENT M2 MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCES MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICY MARKET ECONOMY METALS MULTIPLIER EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL RESERVES OIL SECTOR PENSION FUNDS PENSION REFORM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLITICAL FREEDOMS POPULATION GROWTH PRESIDENTS PRIVATIZATION PROCEEDS PRODUCERS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REAL GDP RELATIVE PRICES SAFETY NETS SECURITIES SHORT- TERM DEBT SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL SAFETY SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECTOR SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS STABILIZATION POLICIES STATE CONTROL TAX BASE TAX REFORM TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPENDITURES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE TAXES TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES WAGES
spellingShingle	AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT AGRICULTURE BALANCE OF PAYMENTS BANKING SYSTEM BUDGETARY ORGANIZATIONS BUDGETARY RESOURCES BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT CASH PAYMENTS CENTRAL BANK CENTRAL PLANNING CIVIL RIGHTS COLONIALISM COMMERCIAL BANKS COMMUNIST COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE COMPETITION POLICY CONSUMERS CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATE TAXES CORRUPTION CPI CRIME DATA COLLECTION DEBT DEVALUATION DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DIRECT INVESTMENT DRINKING WATER ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ECONOMIC POLICIES ECONOMIC REFORMS ECONOMIC STRUCTURE ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ECONOMISTS EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ENTERPRISE RESTRUCTURING EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPLOITATION EXPORT EARNINGS EXPORTS FINANCIAL CRISES FISCAL FISCAL ADJUSTMENT FISCAL CRISIS FISCAL DEFICIT FISCAL POLICY FISCAL PRESSURES FISCAL STANCE FOREIGN CAPITAL FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOREIGN EXCHANGE LIBERALIZATION FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET FOREIGN INVESTMENT FOREIGN INVESTORS GDP GNP GNP PER CAPITA GOVERNMENT BUDGETS GOVERNMENT CONSUMPTION GROWTH GROWTH PERFORMANCE GROWTH POTENTIAL GROWTH RATE GROWTH RATES HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL STOCK HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPORTS INCOME INCOME INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRIALIZATION INFANT MORTALITY INFLATION INHERITANCE INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK INSTITUTIONAL INCENTIVES INSTITUTIONAL REFORM INSTITUTIONAL REFORMS INTEREST RATE INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY JUDICIARY LAISSEZ FAIRE LIQUIDITY LITERACY RATES LIVING STANDARDS LOCAL COMMUNITIES LOCAL GOVERNMENT M2 MACROECONOMIC IMBALANCES MACROECONOMIC PERFORMANCE MACROECONOMIC POLICY MARKET ECONOMY METALS MULTIPLIER EFFECTS MULTIPLIERS NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES OIL OIL RESERVES OIL SECTOR PENSION FUNDS PENSION REFORM PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY ENVIRONMENT POLITICAL FREEDOMS POPULATION GROWTH PRESIDENTS PRIVATIZATION PROCEEDS PRODUCERS PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC INVESTMENT PUBLIC INVESTMENTS REAL GDP RELATIVE PRICES SAFETY NETS SECURITIES SHORT- TERM DEBT SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL SAFETY SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECTOR SOCIAL WELFARE SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOFT BUDGET CONSTRAINTS STABILIZATION POLICIES STATE CONTROL TAX BASE TAX REFORM TAXATION TERMS OF TRADE TOTAL EXPENDITURES TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE TAXES TRANSACTIONS COSTS TRANSITION ECONOMIES WAGES Alam, Asad Banerji, Arup Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
geographic_facet	Europe and Central Asia Kazakhstan Uzbekistan
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 2472
description	Uzbekistan adopted a cautious, gradual approach to market reform. Kazakhstan followed a more aggressive strategy. But while Kazakhstan may have achieved a better policy environment, its economic performance has not been better than Uzbekistan's. The authors examine the interplay between policies, institutions, and initial conditions, to examine several competing, and complementary hypotheses about why the paths the two Central Asian countries took, may have led to different economic outcomes. One possibility is that missing pieces in reform - especially deficiencies in the competitive environment - in combination with a rapidly diminishing role for the state, may have limited the gains from the policy reforms in Kazakhstan.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Alam, Asad Banerji, Arup
author_facet	Alam, Asad Banerji, Arup
author_sort	Alam, Asad
title	Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
title_short	Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
title_full	Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
title_fullStr	Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
title_full_unstemmed	Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths
title_sort	uzbekistan and kazakhstan : a tale of two transition paths
publisher	World Bank, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2000/11/717495/uzbekistan-kazakhstan-tale-two-transition-paths http://hdl.handle.net/10986/19763
_version_	1764440577564213248

Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan : A Tale of Two Transition Paths

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