An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution
This paper solves and estimates a stochastic model of optimal inter-temporal behavior to assess how changes in the design of the income protection and pension systems in Brazil could affect savings rates, the share of time that individuals spend ou...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/07/20170398/ex-ante-evaluation-impact-social-insurance-policies-labor-supply-brazil-case-explicit-over-implicit-redistribution http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20196 |
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okr-10986-20196 |
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oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ADVISORY SERVICE AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS ASSET ACCUMULATIONS AVERAGE WAGE BANK LENDING BENEFICIARY BONDS BUSINESS CYCLE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL ACCUMULATIONS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFERS CHILD LABOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTRACT LABOR CONTRIBUTION RATE CREDIT CONSTRAINTS DEMOGRAPHIC DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DISABLED DISMISSAL DISPLACED WORKERS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY RETIREMENT EARNING EARNINGS ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DECISIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC THEORY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPOWERMENT EQUILIBRIUM WAGES EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPLICIT SUBSIDIES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FIRM SIZE FOOD PRICES FORMAL SECTOR WAGE FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS FUND MANAGERS GENDER GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBALIZATION GROSS REPLACEMENT RATE GROWTH RATE GUARANTEE FUND HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES IMPLICIT TAX INCENTIVE PROBLEMS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INCOME SUPPORT INCOMES INDEXED BONDS INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INFORMATION SYSTEMS INNOVATION INSTITUTION BUILDING INSTRUMENT INSURANCE POLICIES INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN INTERNAL RATES OF RETURN INTERNATIONAL BANK INVENTORY JOB CREATION JOB SECURITY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAWS LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET POLICIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATION LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SUPPLY LAYOFF LEVEL OF ASSETS LEVEL OF RISK LIFE EXPECTANCY LOC MANDATED BENEFITS MARKET TRENDS MICRO-DATA MICRODATA MINIMUM WAGE OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS OLDER WORKERS OUTPUT PENSION PENSION EXPENDITURE PENSION EXPENDITURES PENSION REFORM PENSION RIGHTS PENSION SYSTEM PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS PENSION SYSTEMS PENSIONS PERSONAL SAVING PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PUBLIC PENSIONS PUBLIC POLICY RATE OF RETURN RATES OF RETURN REAL INTEREST REAL INTEREST RATE REPLACEMENT RATES RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RETIREMENT AGES RISK AVERSION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SAVINGS CAPACITY SAVINGS RATES SELF-EMPLOYMENT SERVANTS SOCIAL FUND SOCIAL FUNDS SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL WELFARE SOURCE OF INFORMATION SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSPARENCY TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS UNFUNDED LIABILITIES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES URBAN AREAS VALUE OF ASSETS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WITHDRAWAL WORKER YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR |
| spellingShingle |
ADVISORY SERVICE AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS ASSET ACCUMULATIONS AVERAGE WAGE BANK LENDING BENEFICIARY BONDS BUSINESS CYCLE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL ACCUMULATIONS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFERS CHILD LABOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTRACT LABOR CONTRIBUTION RATE CREDIT CONSTRAINTS DEMOGRAPHIC DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DISABLED DISMISSAL DISPLACED WORKERS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY RETIREMENT EARNING EARNINGS ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DECISIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC THEORY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPOWERMENT EQUILIBRIUM WAGES EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPLICIT SUBSIDIES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FIRM SIZE FOOD PRICES FORMAL SECTOR WAGE FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS FUND MANAGERS GENDER GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBALIZATION GROSS REPLACEMENT RATE GROWTH RATE GUARANTEE FUND HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES IMPLICIT TAX INCENTIVE PROBLEMS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INCOME SUPPORT INCOMES INDEXED BONDS INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INFORMATION SYSTEMS INNOVATION INSTITUTION BUILDING INSTRUMENT INSURANCE POLICIES INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN INTERNAL RATES OF RETURN INTERNATIONAL BANK INVENTORY JOB CREATION JOB SECURITY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAWS LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET POLICIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATION LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SUPPLY LAYOFF LEVEL OF ASSETS LEVEL OF RISK LIFE EXPECTANCY LOC MANDATED BENEFITS MARKET TRENDS MICRO-DATA MICRODATA MINIMUM WAGE OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS OLDER WORKERS OUTPUT PENSION PENSION EXPENDITURE PENSION EXPENDITURES PENSION REFORM PENSION RIGHTS PENSION SYSTEM PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS PENSION SYSTEMS PENSIONS PERSONAL SAVING PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PUBLIC PENSIONS PUBLIC POLICY RATE OF RETURN RATES OF RETURN REAL INTEREST REAL INTEREST RATE REPLACEMENT RATES RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RETIREMENT AGES RISK AVERSION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SAVINGS CAPACITY SAVINGS RATES SELF-EMPLOYMENT SERVANTS SOCIAL FUND SOCIAL FUNDS SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL WELFARE SOURCE OF INFORMATION SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSPARENCY TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS UNFUNDED LIABILITIES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES URBAN AREAS VALUE OF ASSETS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WITHDRAWAL WORKER YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR Robalino, David A. Zylberstajn, Eduardo Zylberstajn, Helio Afonso, Luis Eduardo An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| geographic_facet |
Brazil |
| relation |
Social protection and labor discussion paper;no. 0826 |
| description |
This paper solves and estimates a
stochastic model of optimal inter-temporal behavior to
assess how changes in the design of the income protection
and pension systems in Brazil could affect savings rates,
the share of time that individuals spend outside of the
formal sector, and retirement decisions. Dynamics depend on
five main parameters: preferences regarding consumption and
leisure, preferences regarding formal Vs. informal work,
attitudes towards risks, the rate of time preference, and
the distributions of two exogenous shocks that affect
movements in and out of the social security system
(independently of individual decisions). The yearly
household survey is used to create a pseudo panel by
age-cohorts and estimate the joint distribution of model
parameters based on a generalized version of the Gibbs
sampler. The model does a good job in replicating the
distribution of the members of the cohort across states (in
or out of them social security / active or retired). Because
the parameters are related to individual preferences or
exogenous shocks, the joint distribution is unlikely to
change when the social insurance system changes. Thus, the
model is used to explore how alternative policy
interventions could affect behaviors and through this
channel benefit levels and fiscal costs. The results from
various simulations provide three main insights: (i) the
Brazilian SI system today might generate unnecessary
distortions (lower savings rates, less formal employment,
and more early retirement) that increase the costs of the
system and might generate regressive redistribution; (ii)
there are important interactions between the income
protection and pension systems, which calls for joint policy
analysis when considering reforms; and (iii) current
distortions could be reduced by creating an actuarial link
between contributions and benefits and then giving matching
contributions or matching capital to individuals with
limited savings capacity, which requires having individual
savings accounts that can be funded or notional. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Robalino, David A. Zylberstajn, Eduardo Zylberstajn, Helio Afonso, Luis Eduardo |
| author_facet |
Robalino, David A. Zylberstajn, Eduardo Zylberstajn, Helio Afonso, Luis Eduardo |
| author_sort |
Robalino, David A. |
| title |
An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| title_short |
An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| title_full |
An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| title_fullStr |
An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| title_full_unstemmed |
An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution |
| title_sort |
ex-ante evaluation of the impact of social insurance policies on labor supply in brazil : the case for explicit over implicit redistribution |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/07/20170398/ex-ante-evaluation-impact-social-insurance-policies-labor-supply-brazil-case-explicit-over-implicit-redistribution http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20196 |
| _version_ |
1764444943560998912 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-201962021-04-23T14:03:54Z An Ex-Ante Evaluation of the Impact of Social Insurance Policies on Labor Supply in Brazil : The Case for Explicit Over Implicit Redistribution Robalino, David A. Zylberstajn, Eduardo Zylberstajn, Helio Afonso, Luis Eduardo ADVISORY SERVICE AGE GROUP AGE GROUPS ASSET ACCUMULATIONS AVERAGE WAGE BANK LENDING BENEFICIARY BONDS BUSINESS CYCLE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION CAPITAL ACCUMULATIONS CASH TRANSFER CASH TRANSFERS CHILD LABOR COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING CONTRACT LABOR CONTRIBUTION RATE CREDIT CONSTRAINTS DEMOGRAPHIC DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DISABLED DISMISSAL DISPLACED WORKERS EARLY CHILDHOOD EARLY RETIREMENT EARNING EARNINGS ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ECONOMIC DECISIONS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC THEORY EMPLOYEE EMPLOYER EMPLOYERS EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT STATUS EMPOWERMENT EQUILIBRIUM WAGES EXOGENOUS SHOCKS EXPENDITURE EXPENDITURES EXPLICIT SUBSIDIES FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY FIRM SIZE FOOD PRICES FORMAL SECTOR WAGE FORMAL SECTOR WORKERS FUND MANAGERS GENDER GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM GLOBALIZATION GROSS REPLACEMENT RATE GROWTH RATE GUARANTEE FUND HOLDINGS HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT IMPLICIT SUBSIDIES IMPLICIT TAX INCENTIVE PROBLEMS INCOME INCOME GROUPS INCOME LEVEL INCOME LEVELS INCOME SUPPORT INCOMES INDEXED BONDS INDIVIDUAL RETIREMENT INEQUALITY INFLATION INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INFORMAL SECTOR WORKERS INFORMATION SYSTEMS INNOVATION INSTITUTION BUILDING INSTRUMENT INSURANCE POLICIES INTEREST RATE INTEREST RATES INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN INTERNAL RATES OF RETURN INTERNATIONAL BANK INVENTORY JOB CREATION JOB SECURITY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR ECONOMICS LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR LAWS LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES LABOR MARKET POLICIES LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LABOR REGULATION LABOR REGULATIONS LABOR SUPPLY LAYOFF LEVEL OF ASSETS LEVEL OF RISK LIFE EXPECTANCY LOC MANDATED BENEFITS MARKET TRENDS MICRO-DATA MICRODATA MINIMUM WAGE OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS OLDER WORKERS OUTPUT PENSION PENSION EXPENDITURE PENSION EXPENDITURES PENSION REFORM PENSION RIGHTS PENSION SYSTEM PENSION SYSTEM REFORMS PENSION SYSTEMS PENSIONS PERSONAL SAVING PRELIMINARY RESULTS PRESENT VALUE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR WORKERS PUBLIC PENSIONS PUBLIC POLICY RATE OF RETURN RATES OF RETURN REAL INTEREST REAL INTEREST RATE REPLACEMENT RATES RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RETIREMENT AGES RISK AVERSION SAFETY SAFETY NET SAFETY NETS SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCOUNTS SAVINGS CAPACITY SAVINGS RATES SELF-EMPLOYMENT SERVANTS SOCIAL FUND SOCIAL FUNDS SOCIAL INCLUSION SOCIAL INSURANCE SYSTEM SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SAFETY NET SOCIAL SAFETY NETS SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL WELFARE SOURCE OF INFORMATION SUBSTITUTION EFFECTS TRANSITION COUNTRIES TRANSPARENCY TURNOVER UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYED INDIVIDUALS UNEMPLOYED WORKERS UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFIT UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE BENEFITS UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE SYSTEM UNEMPLOYMENT SPELL UNEMPLOYMENT SPELLS UNFUNDED LIABILITIES UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES URBAN AREAS VALUE OF ASSETS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WITHDRAWAL WORKER YOUTH EMPLOYMENT YOUTH LABOR This paper solves and estimates a stochastic model of optimal inter-temporal behavior to assess how changes in the design of the income protection and pension systems in Brazil could affect savings rates, the share of time that individuals spend outside of the formal sector, and retirement decisions. Dynamics depend on five main parameters: preferences regarding consumption and leisure, preferences regarding formal Vs. informal work, attitudes towards risks, the rate of time preference, and the distributions of two exogenous shocks that affect movements in and out of the social security system (independently of individual decisions). The yearly household survey is used to create a pseudo panel by age-cohorts and estimate the joint distribution of model parameters based on a generalized version of the Gibbs sampler. The model does a good job in replicating the distribution of the members of the cohort across states (in or out of them social security / active or retired). Because the parameters are related to individual preferences or exogenous shocks, the joint distribution is unlikely to change when the social insurance system changes. Thus, the model is used to explore how alternative policy interventions could affect behaviors and through this channel benefit levels and fiscal costs. The results from various simulations provide three main insights: (i) the Brazilian SI system today might generate unnecessary distortions (lower savings rates, less formal employment, and more early retirement) that increase the costs of the system and might generate regressive redistribution; (ii) there are important interactions between the income protection and pension systems, which calls for joint policy analysis when considering reforms; and (iii) current distortions could be reduced by creating an actuarial link between contributions and benefits and then giving matching contributions or matching capital to individuals with limited savings capacity, which requires having individual savings accounts that can be funded or notional. 2014-09-17T17:18:29Z 2014-09-17T17:18:29Z 2008-07 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2008/07/20170398/ex-ante-evaluation-impact-social-insurance-policies-labor-supply-brazil-case-explicit-over-implicit-redistribution http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20196 English en_US Social protection and labor discussion paper;no. 0826 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Brazil |