Pakistan Clean Fuels
In the context of the Pakistan Clean Fuels Program, and subsequent workshops, the study reviews the proposed timetable for phasing lead out of gasoline, increasing the average of gasoline octane, and reducing sulfur in diesel, and fuel oil. Within...
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| Format: | ESMAP Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2001/10/1677829/pakistan-clean-fuels http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20287 |
| Summary: | In the context of the Pakistan Clean
Fuels Program, and subsequent workshops, the study reviews
the proposed timetable for phasing lead out of gasoline,
increasing the average of gasoline octane, and reducing
sulfur in diesel, and fuel oil. Within South Asia, Pakistan
remains one of the countries using leaded gasoline widely,
and, given the extensive epidemiological evidence concerning
the adverse impact of lead on public health, lead
elimination is the highest priority for fuel quality
improvement, in addition to the pollutant concern of high
ambient concentrations of fine particles. Also examined is
the aspect of particulate emissions: higher contribution by
diesel vehicles to particulate emissions, a factor
aggravated by the much lower pricing policy of diesel.
Workshops findings suggest that incremental costs of
reducing sulfur in diesel is low, compared to the cost of
reducing sulfur in fuel oil which is substantial, arguing
for an accelerated switch from fuel oil to natural gas.
Conversely, the incremental cost of eliminating lead in
gasoline, and reducing sulfur in diesel is surprisingly low.
If implemented successfully, one effective option is
differentiated vehicle taxation, by which diesel vehicles
are taxed considerably more than gasoline equivalents, so as
to make diesel vehicles economically unattractive. However,
findings suggest that fuel tax policy alone is a poor
instrument for inducing a shift from diesel to gasoline
powered vehicles; observations thus highlight the importance
of coordinating policies across environmental, transport,
and energy sectors, using a number of policy instruments,
rather than just one to address these problems. |
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