Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal

Using bilateral migration flow data from the 2010 population census of Nepal, this paper provides evidence on the importance of public infrastructure and services in determining migration flows. The empirical specification, based on a generalized n...

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Main Authors:	Shilpi, Forhad, Sangraula, Prem, Li, Yue
Format:	Publications & Research
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BUDGET CONSTRAINTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONGESTION COST FUNCTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISTRICTS DRIVING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELECTRICITY EQUATIONS ETHNICITY EXPECTED UTILITY EXTERNALITIES FAMILIES GENDER HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HOUSING PRICES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRATION POLICIES INCOME EFFECT INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INFRASTRUCTURES INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LEVELS OF EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MOBILITY NESTED LOGIT MODEL PER CAPITA INCOME PERMANENT INCOME PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DENSITY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC INVESTMENT QUALITY OF LIFE REFUGEES RELIGION RESPECT RISK AVERSION ROAD ROADS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS TERTIARY EDUCATION TOWNS TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COST TRAVEL TIME TRUE UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION URBANIZATION UTILITIES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20233487/voting-feet-access-infrastructure-migration-nepal http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20370

id	okr-10986-20370
recordtype	oai_dc
spelling	okr-10986-203702021-04-23T14:03:55Z Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal Shilpi, Forhad Sangraula, Prem Li, Yue ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BUDGET CONSTRAINTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONGESTION COST FUNCTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISTRICTS DRIVING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELECTRICITY EQUATIONS ETHNICITY EXPECTED UTILITY EXTERNALITIES FAMILIES GENDER HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HOUSING PRICES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRATION POLICIES INCOME EFFECT INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INFRASTRUCTURES INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LEVELS OF EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MOBILITY NESTED LOGIT MODEL PER CAPITA INCOME PERMANENT INCOME PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DENSITY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC INVESTMENT QUALITY OF LIFE REFUGEES RELIGION RESPECT RISK AVERSION ROAD ROADS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS TERTIARY EDUCATION TOWNS TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COST TRAVEL TIME TRUE UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION URBANIZATION UTILITIES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES Using bilateral migration flow data from the 2010 population census of Nepal, this paper provides evidence on the importance of public infrastructure and services in determining migration flows. The empirical specification, based on a generalized nested logit model, corrects for the non-random selection of migrants. The results show that migrants prefer areas that are nearer to paved roads and have better access to electricity. Apart from electricity's impact on income and through income on migration, the econometric results indicate that migrants attach substantial amenity value to access to electricity. These findings have important implications for the placement of basic infrastructure projects and the way benefits from these projects are evaluated. 2014-10-06T20:24:44Z 2014-10-06T20:24:44Z 2014-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20233487/voting-feet-access-infrastructure-migration-nepal http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20370 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7047 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper South Asia Nepal
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BUDGET CONSTRAINTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONGESTION COST FUNCTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISTRICTS DRIVING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELECTRICITY EQUATIONS ETHNICITY EXPECTED UTILITY EXTERNALITIES FAMILIES GENDER HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HOUSING PRICES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRATION POLICIES INCOME EFFECT INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INFRASTRUCTURES INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LEVELS OF EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MOBILITY NESTED LOGIT MODEL PER CAPITA INCOME PERMANENT INCOME PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DENSITY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC INVESTMENT QUALITY OF LIFE REFUGEES RELIGION RESPECT RISK AVERSION ROAD ROADS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS TERTIARY EDUCATION TOWNS TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COST TRAVEL TIME TRUE UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION URBANIZATION UTILITIES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES
spellingShingle	ADULT POPULATION AGRICULTURE AVERAGE TRAVEL TIME BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE BUDGET CONSTRAINTS CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK CONGESTION COST FUNCTIONS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISTRICTS DRIVING ECONOMETRICS ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ECONOMIC RESEARCH ECONOMICS OF IMMIGRATION ELASTICITIES ELASTICITY ELECTRICITY EQUATIONS ETHNICITY EXPECTED UTILITY EXTERNALITIES FAMILIES GENDER HEALTH SERVICES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS HOUSING HOUSING PRICES IMMIGRANT IMMIGRATION POLICIES INCOME EFFECT INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLDS INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS INFRASTRUCTURES INTERNAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRANTS INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL TRADE LABOR MARKET LEVELS OF EDUCATION MIGRANT MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION DATA MIGRATION FLOW MIGRATION FLOWS MOBILITY NESTED LOGIT MODEL PER CAPITA INCOME PERMANENT INCOME PLACE OF RESIDENCE POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL ECONOMY POPULATION CENSUS POPULATION CENSUSES POPULATION DENSITY PRIMARY EDUCATION PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PROVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC PUBLIC GOOD PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE PUBLIC INVESTMENT QUALITY OF LIFE REFUGEES RELIGION RESPECT RISK AVERSION ROAD ROADS RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT SCHOOL QUALITY SECONDARY EDUCATION SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED WORKERS SOCIAL NETWORKS TERTIARY EDUCATION TOWNS TRANSITION ECONOMIES TRANSPORT TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION COST TRAVEL TIME TRUE UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATE URBAN AREAS URBAN MIGRATION URBANIZATION UTILITIES UTILITY FUNCTION UTILITY MAXIMIZATION WAGES Shilpi, Forhad Sangraula, Prem Li, Yue Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
geographic_facet	South Asia Nepal
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7047
description	Using bilateral migration flow data from the 2010 population census of Nepal, this paper provides evidence on the importance of public infrastructure and services in determining migration flows. The empirical specification, based on a generalized nested logit model, corrects for the non-random selection of migrants. The results show that migrants prefer areas that are nearer to paved roads and have better access to electricity. Apart from electricity's impact on income and through income on migration, the econometric results indicate that migrants attach substantial amenity value to access to electricity. These findings have important implications for the placement of basic infrastructure projects and the way benefits from these projects are evaluated.
format	Publications & Research
author	Shilpi, Forhad Sangraula, Prem Li, Yue
author_facet	Shilpi, Forhad Sangraula, Prem Li, Yue
author_sort	Shilpi, Forhad
title	Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
title_short	Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
title_full	Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
title_fullStr	Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
title_full_unstemmed	Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal
title_sort	voting with their feet? access to infrastructure and migration in nepal
publisher	World Bank Group, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/20233487/voting-feet-access-infrastructure-migration-nepal http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20370
_version_	1764445177832800256

Voting with their Feet? Access to Infrastructure and Migration in Nepal

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