Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the operations that the World Bank has supported to create jobs and promote employment in fragile and conflict-affected situations. A novel approach to identifying projects is presented that enables sea...

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Main Author:	Ralston, Laura
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English en_US
Published:	World Bank Group, Washington, DC 2014
Subjects:	ACCOUNTABILITY ADOLESCENT GIRLS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AID BORROWING CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY SERVICES CONSOLIDATION CREATING JOBS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISTRICTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC SHOCKS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EQUITABLE ACCESS EX-COMBATANTS EXPORTS FEMALE FEMALES FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GAPS GENDER GOVERNMENT CAPACITY HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT JOB CREATION JOB PLACEMENT JOBS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF POVERTY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE MODERNIZATION NATURAL RESOURCES NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUTRITION PEACE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PREGNANT WOMEN PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PUBLIC WORKS PROJECT PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION ROAD SAFETY RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SANITATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL YOUTH SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES SOCIAL SUPPORT SOCIAL UNREST STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TRAINING PROGRAM TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN SERVICES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WAR YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/10/20342854/job-creation-fragile-conflict-affected-situations http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20637

id	okr-10986-20637
recordtype	oai_dc
repository_type	Digital Repository
institution_category	Foreign Institution
institution	Digital Repositories
building	World Bank Open Knowledge Repository
collection	World Bank
language	English en_US
topic	ACCOUNTABILITY ADOLESCENT GIRLS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AID BORROWING CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY SERVICES CONSOLIDATION CREATING JOBS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISTRICTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC SHOCKS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EQUITABLE ACCESS EX-COMBATANTS EXPORTS FEMALE FEMALES FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GAPS GENDER GOVERNMENT CAPACITY HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT JOB CREATION JOB PLACEMENT JOBS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF POVERTY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE MODERNIZATION NATURAL RESOURCES NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUTRITION PEACE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PREGNANT WOMEN PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PUBLIC WORKS PROJECT PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION ROAD SAFETY RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SANITATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL YOUTH SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES SOCIAL SUPPORT SOCIAL UNREST STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TRAINING PROGRAM TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN SERVICES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WAR YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
spellingShingle	ACCOUNTABILITY ADOLESCENT GIRLS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AID BORROWING CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY SERVICES CONSOLIDATION CREATING JOBS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISTRICTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC SHOCKS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EQUITABLE ACCESS EX-COMBATANTS EXPORTS FEMALE FEMALES FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GAPS GENDER GOVERNMENT CAPACITY HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT JOB CREATION JOB PLACEMENT JOBS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF POVERTY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE MODERNIZATION NATURAL RESOURCES NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUTRITION PEACE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PREGNANT WOMEN PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PUBLIC WORKS PROJECT PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION ROAD SAFETY RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SANITATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL YOUTH SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES SOCIAL SUPPORT SOCIAL UNREST STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TRAINING PROGRAM TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN SERVICES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WAR YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT Ralston, Laura Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
relation	Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7078
description	This paper presents a comprehensive review of the operations that the World Bank has supported to create jobs and promote employment in fragile and conflict-affected situations. A novel approach to identifying projects is presented that enables searching for projects based on stated development objectives, regardless of the sector of the project. Of a sample of 2,166 projects funded by the International Development Association, this resulted in the identification of 98 projects that have specific job creation and employment generation development objectives. Among these projects, 51 percent of countries appearing on the list between 2004 and 2012 have implemented projects. Detailed textual analysis is carried out on the project descriptions and indicators to evaluate how well projects are aligned to the context. The results suggest there is a lack of measurement on outcomes that are particularly relevant for fragile and conflict-affected situations, such as the development of social cohesion, reintegration of those involved or affected by violence, impacts jobs have on the willingness to engage in violence or conflict, perceptions of government accountability, and equitable access to these economic opportunities. Quantitative analysis of the portfolio indicates that there are also systematic differences in the size and resources associated with job creation projects in countries with fragile and conflict-affected situations relative to similar projects in other International Development Association-borrowing countries. Given the mixed empirical evidence on the relationship between jobs and conflict, this report calls for more methodological measurement of the impacts of these programs on stabilization outcomes in the future.
format	Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper
author	Ralston, Laura
author_facet	Ralston, Laura
author_sort	Ralston, Laura
title	Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
title_short	Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
title_full	Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
title_fullStr	Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
title_full_unstemmed	Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations
title_sort	job creation in fragile and conflict-affected situations
publisher	World Bank Group, Washington, DC
publishDate	2014
url	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/10/20342854/job-creation-fragile-conflict-affected-situations http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20637
_version_	1764446673739710464
spelling	okr-10986-206372021-04-23T14:03:59Z Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations Ralston, Laura ACCOUNTABILITY ADOLESCENT GIRLS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION AID BORROWING CITIZEN CITIZENS CIVIL CONFLICT COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY SERVICES CONSOLIDATION CREATING JOBS DESCRIPTION DEVELOPMENT GOALS DEVELOPMENT ISSUES DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS DISADVANTAGED GROUPS DISTRICTS ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC SHOCKS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EMPLOYABILITY EMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT GENERATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMS ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP EQUITABLE ACCESS EX-COMBATANTS EXPORTS FEMALE FEMALES FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL SERVICES FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FOOD SECURITY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT GAPS GENDER GOVERNMENT CAPACITY HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY HOUSEHOLDS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE HUMAN SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT JOB CREATION JOB PLACEMENT JOBS LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF POVERTY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM EMPLOYMENT MINIMUM WAGE MODERNIZATION NATURAL RESOURCES NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS NUMBER OF PEOPLE NUMBER OF WORKERS NUTRITION PEACE PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POLICY DEVELOPMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER PREGNANT WOMEN PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PUBLIC SERVICES PUBLIC WORKS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAMS PUBLIC WORKS PROJECT PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF EDUCATION ROAD SAFETY RURAL AREAS RURAL COMMUNITIES RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL EMPLOYMENT RURAL POPULATION RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SANITATION SCHOOL CHILDREN SCHOOL YOUTH SKILL DEVELOPMENT SKILL LEVEL SKILLED LABOR SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SMALL ENTERPRISES SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES SOCIAL SUPPORT SOCIAL UNREST STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES SUSTAINABILITY TARGETING TRAINING PROGRAM TRAINING PROGRAMS TRAINING SYSTEM TRANSPORT TRANSPORTATION UNEMPLOYMENT URBAN AREAS URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE URBAN SERVICES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABLE POPULATIONS WAR YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN YOUTH YOUTH EMPLOYMENT This paper presents a comprehensive review of the operations that the World Bank has supported to create jobs and promote employment in fragile and conflict-affected situations. A novel approach to identifying projects is presented that enables searching for projects based on stated development objectives, regardless of the sector of the project. Of a sample of 2,166 projects funded by the International Development Association, this resulted in the identification of 98 projects that have specific job creation and employment generation development objectives. Among these projects, 51 percent of countries appearing on the list between 2004 and 2012 have implemented projects. Detailed textual analysis is carried out on the project descriptions and indicators to evaluate how well projects are aligned to the context. The results suggest there is a lack of measurement on outcomes that are particularly relevant for fragile and conflict-affected situations, such as the development of social cohesion, reintegration of those involved or affected by violence, impacts jobs have on the willingness to engage in violence or conflict, perceptions of government accountability, and equitable access to these economic opportunities. Quantitative analysis of the portfolio indicates that there are also systematic differences in the size and resources associated with job creation projects in countries with fragile and conflict-affected situations relative to similar projects in other International Development Association-borrowing countries. Given the mixed empirical evidence on the relationship between jobs and conflict, this report calls for more methodological measurement of the impacts of these programs on stabilization outcomes in the future. 2014-12-03T21:02:11Z 2014-12-03T21:02:11Z 2014-10 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/10/20342854/job-creation-fragile-conflict-affected-situations http://hdl.handle.net/10986/20637 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper;No. 7078 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research

Job Creation in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations

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