Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13)
Beginning in 2003, Turkey initiated a series of reforms under the Health Transformation Program (HTP) that over the past decade have led to the achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). The progress of Turkey s health system has few if any...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank Group, Washington, DC
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/23025459/turkey-way-universal-health-coverage-through-health-transformation-program http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21059 |
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okr-10986-21059 |
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| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY ANTENATAL CARE CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBIRTH CITIZEN CITIZENS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEATHS DEBT DELIVERY SYSTEM DEMAND FOR HEALTH DEMAND FOR HEALTH SERVICES DOCTORS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESOURCES EMERGENCY VEHICLES EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FRAGMENTED FINANCING SYSTEM GENERAL PRACTITIONERS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION HEALTH AFFAIRS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE DELIVERY HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE FACILITIES HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SECTOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COVERAGE HEALTH DATA HEALTH DELIVERY HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURE GROWTH HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PLANNING HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROJECT HEALTH REFORM HEALTH REFORMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SECTOR REFORM HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH STATUS HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS HEALTH SUPPLY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM EFFICIENCY HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM HEALTH-FINANCING HEALTHCARE SPENDING HOSPITAL AUTONOMY HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT HOSPITAL SECTOR HOSPITALS HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES ILLNESS IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INDIVIDUAL HEALTH INDUCED DEMAND INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATE INSERVICE TRAINING INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE SCHEMES INTEGRATION LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF HEALTH SPENDING LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL AUTHORITIES MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES MEDICAL CENTERS MEDICAL POLICY MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SPECIALTIES MEDICINES MIDWIVES MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY NATIONAL HEALTH NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NEWBORN HEALTH NURSES NUTRITION OLD SYSTEM OUTPATIENT SERVICES PARADIGM SHIFT PARAMEDICS PARLIAMENTARY SEATS PARTY PLATFORM PATIENT PATIENT CARE PATIENT COST PATIENT SATISFACTION PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES PHARMACISTS PHARMACY PHYSICIAN PHYSICIANS POCKET PAYMENTS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY GOALS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULAR SUPPORT PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PRESCRIPTION DRUGS PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES PRIMARY CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROGRESS PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM PUBLIC HOSPITAL PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC PROVIDERS PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SUPPORT PURCHASER-PROVIDER SPLIT PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF SERVICES RURAL AREAS SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERIES OF MEETINGS SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVISION SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE UTILIZATION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SECURITY SCHEMES SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATE PLANNING SUPPLY OF HEALTH CARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TRADE UNIONS UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY URBAN CENTERS WORKERS |
| spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY ANTENATAL CARE CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBIRTH CITIZEN CITIZENS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEATHS DEBT DELIVERY SYSTEM DEMAND FOR HEALTH DEMAND FOR HEALTH SERVICES DOCTORS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESOURCES EMERGENCY VEHICLES EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FRAGMENTED FINANCING SYSTEM GENERAL PRACTITIONERS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION HEALTH AFFAIRS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE DELIVERY HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE FACILITIES HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SECTOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COVERAGE HEALTH DATA HEALTH DELIVERY HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURE GROWTH HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PLANNING HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROJECT HEALTH REFORM HEALTH REFORMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SECTOR REFORM HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH STATUS HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS HEALTH SUPPLY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM EFFICIENCY HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM HEALTH-FINANCING HEALTHCARE SPENDING HOSPITAL AUTONOMY HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT HOSPITAL SECTOR HOSPITALS HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES ILLNESS IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INDIVIDUAL HEALTH INDUCED DEMAND INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATE INSERVICE TRAINING INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE SCHEMES INTEGRATION LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF HEALTH SPENDING LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL AUTHORITIES MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES MEDICAL CENTERS MEDICAL POLICY MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SPECIALTIES MEDICINES MIDWIVES MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY NATIONAL HEALTH NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NEWBORN HEALTH NURSES NUTRITION OLD SYSTEM OUTPATIENT SERVICES PARADIGM SHIFT PARAMEDICS PARLIAMENTARY SEATS PARTY PLATFORM PATIENT PATIENT CARE PATIENT COST PATIENT SATISFACTION PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES PHARMACISTS PHARMACY PHYSICIAN PHYSICIANS POCKET PAYMENTS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY GOALS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULAR SUPPORT PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PRESCRIPTION DRUGS PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES PRIMARY CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROGRESS PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM PUBLIC HOSPITAL PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC PROVIDERS PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SUPPORT PURCHASER-PROVIDER SPLIT PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF SERVICES RURAL AREAS SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERIES OF MEETINGS SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVISION SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE UTILIZATION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SECURITY SCHEMES SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATE PLANNING SUPPLY OF HEALTH CARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TRADE UNIONS UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY URBAN CENTERS WORKERS Bump, Jesse Sparkes, Susan Tatar, Mehtap Celik, Yusuf Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| geographic_facet |
Turkey |
| description |
Beginning in 2003, Turkey initiated a
series of reforms under the Health Transformation Program
(HTP) that over the past decade have led to the achievement
of universal health coverage (UHC). The progress of Turkey s
health system has few if any parallels in scope and
speed. Before the reforms, Turkey s aggregate health
indicators lagged behind those of OECD member states and
other middle-income countries. The health financing system
was fragmented, with four separate insurance schemes and a
Green Card program for the poor, each with distinct
benefits packages and access rules. Both the Ministry of
Labor and Social Security and Ministry of Health (MoH) were
providers and financiers of the health system, and four
different ministries were directly involved in public health
care delivery. Turkey s reform efforts have impacted
virtually all aspects of the country s health system and
have resulted in the rapid expansion of the proportion of
the population covered and of the services to which they are
entitled. At the same time, financial protection has
improved. For example, (i) insurance coverage increased from
64 to 98 percent between 2002 and 2012; (ii) the share of
pregnant women having four antenatal care visits increased
from 54 to 82 percent between 2003 and 2010; and (iii)
citizen satisfaction with health services increased from
39.5 to 75.9 percent between 2003 and 2011. Despite dramatic
improvements there is still space for Turkey to continue to
improve its citizens health outcomes, and challenges lie
ahead for improving services beyond primary care. The main
criticism to reform has so far come from health sector
workers; the future sustainability of reform will rely not
only on continued fiscal support to the health sector but
also the maintenence of service provider satisfaction. |
| author2 |
Aran, Meltem |
| author_facet |
Aran, Meltem Bump, Jesse Sparkes, Susan Tatar, Mehtap Celik, Yusuf |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Working Paper |
| author |
Bump, Jesse Sparkes, Susan Tatar, Mehtap Celik, Yusuf |
| author_sort |
Bump, Jesse |
| title |
Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| title_short |
Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| title_full |
Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| title_fullStr |
Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) |
| title_sort |
turkey on the way of universal health coverage through the health transformation program (2003-13) |
| publisher |
World Bank Group, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/23025459/turkey-way-universal-health-coverage-through-health-transformation-program http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21059 |
| _version_ |
1764447648160415744 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-210592021-04-23T14:04:00Z Turkey on the Way of Universal Health Coverage through the Health Transformation Program (2003-13) Bump, Jesse Sparkes, Susan Tatar, Mehtap Celik, Yusuf Aran, Meltem Rokx, Claudia ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE ACCESS TO HEALTH CARE SERVICES ACCESS TO HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY ANTENATAL CARE CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURE CHILD MORTALITY CHILDBIRTH CITIZEN CITIZENS COMMUNICABLE DISEASES DEATHS DEBT DELIVERY SYSTEM DEMAND FOR HEALTH DEMAND FOR HEALTH SERVICES DOCTORS ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC RESOURCES EMERGENCY VEHICLES EMPLOYMENT EXPENDITURES FINANCIAL PROTECTION FINANCING OF HEALTH CARE FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS FRAGMENTED FINANCING SYSTEM GENERAL PRACTITIONERS HEALTH ADMINISTRATION HEALTH AFFAIRS HEALTH CARE HEALTH CARE COSTS HEALTH CARE DELIVERY HEALTH CARE EXPENDITURES HEALTH CARE FACILITIES HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS HEALTH CARE SECTOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES HEALTH CARE SYSTEM HEALTH CENTERS HEALTH COVERAGE HEALTH DATA HEALTH DELIVERY HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM HEALTH EXPENDITURE HEALTH EXPENDITURE GROWTH HEALTH EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA HEALTH EXPENDITURES HEALTH FACILITIES HEALTH FINANCE HEALTH FINANCING HEALTH FINANCING SYSTEM HEALTH INDICATORS HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME HEALTH INSURANCE SYSTEM HEALTH ORGANIZATION HEALTH OUTCOMES HEALTH PLANNING HEALTH POLICY HEALTH POSTS HEALTH PROFESSIONALS HEALTH PROJECT HEALTH REFORM HEALTH REFORMS HEALTH RISKS HEALTH SECTOR HEALTH SECTOR REFORM HEALTH SECTOR WORKERS HEALTH SERVICES HEALTH SPENDING HEALTH STATUS HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS HEALTH SUPPLY HEALTH SYSTEM HEALTH SYSTEM EFFICIENCY HEALTH SYSTEMS HEALTH SYSTEMS IN TRANSITION HEALTH WORKERS HEALTH WORKFORCE HEALTH-CARE HEALTH-CARE SYSTEM HEALTH-FINANCING HEALTHCARE SPENDING HOSPITAL AUTONOMY HOSPITAL BEDS HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT HOSPITAL SECTOR HOSPITALS HR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RESOURCES ILLNESS IMMUNIZATION INCOME INCOME COUNTRIES INCOME HOUSEHOLDS INDIVIDUAL HEALTH INDUCED DEMAND INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATE INSERVICE TRAINING INSURANCE INSURANCE COVERAGE INSURANCE SCHEMES INTEGRATION LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF HEALTH SPENDING LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH LIVE BIRTHS LOCAL AUTHORITIES MATERNAL HEALTH MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES MEDICAL CENTERS MEDICAL POLICY MEDICAL SCHOOL MEDICAL SPECIALTIES MEDICINES MIDWIVES MINISTRY OF HEALTH MORBIDITY MORTALITY NATIONAL HEALTH NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY NEWBORN HEALTH NURSES NUTRITION OLD SYSTEM OUTPATIENT SERVICES PARADIGM SHIFT PARAMEDICS PARLIAMENTARY SEATS PARTY PLATFORM PATIENT PATIENT CARE PATIENT COST PATIENT SATISFACTION PATIENTS PHARMACEUTICAL EXPENDITURES PHARMACISTS PHARMACY PHYSICIAN PHYSICIANS POCKET PAYMENTS POLICY CHANGE POLICY DECISIONS POLICY GOALS POLICY RESEARCH POLITICAL POWER POLITICAL TURMOIL POPULAR SUPPORT PREGNANCY PREGNANT WOMEN PRESCRIPTION DRUGS PREVENTIVE HEALTH SERVICES PRIMARY CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE PRIMARY HEALTH CARE FACILITIES PRIVATE INSURANCE PRIVATE PHARMACIES PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTORS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS PROGRESS PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH CARE PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM PUBLIC HOSPITAL PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC PROVIDERS PUBLIC SECTOR PUBLIC SERVICE PUBLIC SUPPORT PURCHASER-PROVIDER SPLIT PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY OF CARE QUALITY OF SERVICES RURAL AREAS SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE SERIES OF MEETINGS SERVICE DELIVERY SERVICE PROVIDER SERVICE PROVISION SERVICE QUALITY SERVICE UTILIZATION SOCIAL INSURANCE SOCIAL POLICY SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL SECURITY SCHEMES SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STATE PLANNING SUPPLY OF HEALTH CARE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT TRADE UNIONS UNDER-FIVE MORTALITY URBAN CENTERS WORKERS Beginning in 2003, Turkey initiated a series of reforms under the Health Transformation Program (HTP) that over the past decade have led to the achievement of universal health coverage (UHC). The progress of Turkey s health system has few if any parallels in scope and speed. Before the reforms, Turkey s aggregate health indicators lagged behind those of OECD member states and other middle-income countries. The health financing system was fragmented, with four separate insurance schemes and a Green Card program for the poor, each with distinct benefits packages and access rules. Both the Ministry of Labor and Social Security and Ministry of Health (MoH) were providers and financiers of the health system, and four different ministries were directly involved in public health care delivery. Turkey s reform efforts have impacted virtually all aspects of the country s health system and have resulted in the rapid expansion of the proportion of the population covered and of the services to which they are entitled. At the same time, financial protection has improved. For example, (i) insurance coverage increased from 64 to 98 percent between 2002 and 2012; (ii) the share of pregnant women having four antenatal care visits increased from 54 to 82 percent between 2003 and 2010; and (iii) citizen satisfaction with health services increased from 39.5 to 75.9 percent between 2003 and 2011. Despite dramatic improvements there is still space for Turkey to continue to improve its citizens health outcomes, and challenges lie ahead for improving services beyond primary care. The main criticism to reform has so far come from health sector workers; the future sustainability of reform will rely not only on continued fiscal support to the health sector but also the maintenence of service provider satisfaction. 2014-12-31T16:50:16Z 2014-12-31T16:50:16Z 2014-09 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2014/09/23025459/turkey-way-universal-health-coverage-through-health-transformation-program http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21059 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Group, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Working Paper Publications & Research Turkey |