Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector
The use of quality seed is a major component of increased yields in crop production. Quality seed and seed programs in a country does not emerge by happenstance; it is created by a combination of many factors that include variety development, seed...
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| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2015
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/07/24750010/cambodia-overview-cambodian-seed-secort http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22402 |
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okr-10986-22402 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
OWN SEED PRODUCER GROUPS FERTILIZER FARMER SEED CONDITIONING BEANS PRICE PREMIUM HYBRID SEED PESTICIDE FARM MANAGEMENT SEED MULTIPLICATION FOUNDATION SEED COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONTRACT FARMING ARRANGEMENTS MODERN FACILITIES PLANTING CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS PRODUCTION COST AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION TOMATOES RICE CROP MUNG BEANS AGRONOMY GRAIN PRODUCTION PRODUCT QUALITY FARM INCOME GERMPLASM CULTIVARS FARMER INCOMES RICE TRADE FERTILIZERS INDUSTRIAL CROPS PLANS SMALL FARMERS MOLD SOIL TYPE SEED REGULATIONS MAIZE MULCH SEED CERTIFICATION RICE GERMPLASM PLANTS PRODUCTION SYSTEM EGGPLANT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CROP PRODUCTION CEREALS PRODUCTION SYSTEM LABOR COSTS PRODUCTION METHOD CONTRACT GROWERS QUALITY SEED DATES HYBRID RICE COMMERCIAL SEED PANICLES SEEDS SOYBEANS RICE MILLING PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SEED PADDY FRUITS VEGETABLES SEED CROPS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION FIELD WORK FARMER PRODUCERS FARMING SEED STORAGE PLANT BREEDERS FARMERS JUTE SEED LAWS PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION GRAINS MUNGBEANS CULTIVATED LAND MELONS CROPS SOYBEAN PRODUCE TRANSPLANTING SEED VARIETIES CROP YIELDS HYBRID SEEDS STRAW FARMER ASSOCIATIONS FOOD SECURITY AGRONOMIC PRACTICES PLANT BREEDING CROP HARVESTING MACHINES SEEDLINGS AGRIBUSINESS SEED SECTOR SEED COMPANIES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS CULTIVATION SEED PRODUCERS SEED CERTIFICATION PRODUCTION METHODS CROPPING FAO DRY SEASON RICE PRODUCTION RICE RESEARCH CUCUMBERS RICE HULLS SEED STORAGE HYBRIDS CERTIFICATION STANDARDS HARVESTING GRAIN QUALITY SEED CONDITIONING WEEDS IRRI AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SEED TREATMENT FISHERIES PLANT BREEDERS TRAINED FARMERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS GROWING SEASON SEED PRODUCTION PRODUCTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION SEED SYSTEM CORN FARM RA ORGANIC CROPS CONTRACT FARMING FARMS POOR FARMERS WILD RICE RICE VARIETIES BROCCOLI BUSINESS PLANS SEED PRODUCTION COOPERATIVES SEED TESTING SOIL TYPES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY RICE BREEDER SEED COMMERCIAL SEED YIELDS PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES SEED INDUSTRY CROP MANAGEMENT RICE FIELDS HECTARES OF RICE FOUNDATION SEED COMMODITY GRAIN TILLAGE SEED TESTING PRODUCTION COSTS SEED PRODUCERS |
| spellingShingle |
OWN SEED PRODUCER GROUPS FERTILIZER FARMER SEED CONDITIONING BEANS PRICE PREMIUM HYBRID SEED PESTICIDE FARM MANAGEMENT SEED MULTIPLICATION FOUNDATION SEED COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONTRACT FARMING ARRANGEMENTS MODERN FACILITIES PLANTING CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS PRODUCTION COST AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION TOMATOES RICE CROP MUNG BEANS AGRONOMY GRAIN PRODUCTION PRODUCT QUALITY FARM INCOME GERMPLASM CULTIVARS FARMER INCOMES RICE TRADE FERTILIZERS INDUSTRIAL CROPS PLANS SMALL FARMERS MOLD SOIL TYPE SEED REGULATIONS MAIZE MULCH SEED CERTIFICATION RICE GERMPLASM PLANTS PRODUCTION SYSTEM EGGPLANT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CROP PRODUCTION CEREALS PRODUCTION SYSTEM LABOR COSTS PRODUCTION METHOD CONTRACT GROWERS QUALITY SEED DATES HYBRID RICE COMMERCIAL SEED PANICLES SEEDS SOYBEANS RICE MILLING PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SEED PADDY FRUITS VEGETABLES SEED CROPS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION FIELD WORK FARMER PRODUCERS FARMING SEED STORAGE PLANT BREEDERS FARMERS JUTE SEED LAWS PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION GRAINS MUNGBEANS CULTIVATED LAND MELONS CROPS SOYBEAN PRODUCE TRANSPLANTING SEED VARIETIES CROP YIELDS HYBRID SEEDS STRAW FARMER ASSOCIATIONS FOOD SECURITY AGRONOMIC PRACTICES PLANT BREEDING CROP HARVESTING MACHINES SEEDLINGS AGRIBUSINESS SEED SECTOR SEED COMPANIES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS CULTIVATION SEED PRODUCERS SEED CERTIFICATION PRODUCTION METHODS CROPPING FAO DRY SEASON RICE PRODUCTION RICE RESEARCH CUCUMBERS RICE HULLS SEED STORAGE HYBRIDS CERTIFICATION STANDARDS HARVESTING GRAIN QUALITY SEED CONDITIONING WEEDS IRRI AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SEED TREATMENT FISHERIES PLANT BREEDERS TRAINED FARMERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS GROWING SEASON SEED PRODUCTION PRODUCTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION SEED SYSTEM CORN FARM RA ORGANIC CROPS CONTRACT FARMING FARMS POOR FARMERS WILD RICE RICE VARIETIES BROCCOLI BUSINESS PLANS SEED PRODUCTION COOPERATIVES SEED TESTING SOIL TYPES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY RICE BREEDER SEED COMMERCIAL SEED YIELDS PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES SEED INDUSTRY CROP MANAGEMENT RICE FIELDS HECTARES OF RICE FOUNDATION SEED COMMODITY GRAIN TILLAGE SEED TESTING PRODUCTION COSTS SEED PRODUCERS World Bank Group Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Cambodia |
| relation |
Technical working paper; |
| description |
The use of quality seed is a major
component of increased yields in crop production. Quality
seed and seed programs in a country does not emerge by
happenstance; it is created by a combination of many factors
that include variety development, seed production, quality
control, processing, marketing, and governmental oversight.
As the seed sector in a country matures, each of these
factors becomes more important and plays a more important
role in the growth of the agricultural sector. The seed
program in Cambodia is interestingly different from that in
many other developing countries. Even without a true seed
program in Cambodia, farmers understand the need to plant
quality seed to increase crop yields. When structuring this
growing seed industry, it is important to look at current
practices and to incorporate these practices into programs.
Since a major thrust of the seed program in Cambodia
involves rice, it is important to consider its role in the
average Cambodian’s life. Cambodia’s climate must also be
accounted for in any decisions regarding seed. Its heat and
humidity causes rapid deterioration of seed viability and
germination in rice and other seeds in both the growth and
storage phases. CARDI research has shown that the level of
rice germination falls below 80-85 percent within 6-8 months
after harvest; this means that seed must be planted during
the growing season following harvest. Therefore, any seed
produced beyond immediate planting needs for the next crop
is used for milling; seed production costs for that seed
cannot be recouped. When seed producers’ budgets are
constrained, they often plan their seed production based on
conservative seed sales estimates. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
World Bank Group |
| author_facet |
World Bank Group |
| author_sort |
World Bank Group |
| title |
Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| title_short |
Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| title_full |
Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| title_fullStr |
Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector |
| title_sort |
cambodia : overview of a cambodian seed sector |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2015 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/07/24750010/cambodia-overview-cambodian-seed-secort http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22402 |
| _version_ |
1764450899675054080 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-224022021-04-23T14:04:08Z Cambodia : Overview of a Cambodian Seed Sector World Bank Group OWN SEED PRODUCER GROUPS FERTILIZER FARMER SEED CONDITIONING BEANS PRICE PREMIUM HYBRID SEED PESTICIDE FARM MANAGEMENT SEED MULTIPLICATION FOUNDATION SEED COMMUNITY-BASED ORGANIZATIONS CONTRACT FARMING ARRANGEMENTS MODERN FACILITIES PLANTING CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS PRODUCTION COST AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION TOMATOES RICE CROP MUNG BEANS AGRONOMY GRAIN PRODUCTION PRODUCT QUALITY FARM INCOME GERMPLASM CULTIVARS FARMER INCOMES RICE TRADE FERTILIZERS INDUSTRIAL CROPS PLANS SMALL FARMERS MOLD SOIL TYPE SEED REGULATIONS MAIZE MULCH SEED CERTIFICATION RICE GERMPLASM PLANTS PRODUCTION SYSTEM EGGPLANT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS CROP PRODUCTION CEREALS PRODUCTION SYSTEM LABOR COSTS PRODUCTION METHOD CONTRACT GROWERS QUALITY SEED DATES HYBRID RICE COMMERCIAL SEED PANICLES SEEDS SOYBEANS RICE MILLING PRIVATE SEED COMPANIES INTERNATIONAL RICE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SEED PADDY FRUITS VEGETABLES SEED CROPS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION FIELD WORK FARMER PRODUCERS FARMING SEED STORAGE PLANT BREEDERS FARMERS JUTE SEED LAWS PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION GRAINS MUNGBEANS CULTIVATED LAND MELONS CROPS SOYBEAN PRODUCE TRANSPLANTING SEED VARIETIES CROP YIELDS HYBRID SEEDS STRAW FARMER ASSOCIATIONS FOOD SECURITY AGRONOMIC PRACTICES PLANT BREEDING CROP HARVESTING MACHINES SEEDLINGS AGRIBUSINESS SEED SECTOR SEED COMPANIES AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS CULTIVATION SEED PRODUCERS SEED CERTIFICATION PRODUCTION METHODS CROPPING FAO DRY SEASON RICE PRODUCTION RICE RESEARCH CUCUMBERS RICE HULLS SEED STORAGE HYBRIDS CERTIFICATION STANDARDS HARVESTING GRAIN QUALITY SEED CONDITIONING WEEDS IRRI AGRICULTURAL INPUTS SEED TREATMENT FISHERIES PLANT BREEDERS TRAINED FARMERS AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS GROWING SEASON SEED PRODUCTION PRODUCTION SYSTEMS COMMERCIAL SEED PRODUCTION SEED SYSTEM CORN FARM RA ORGANIC CROPS CONTRACT FARMING FARMS POOR FARMERS WILD RICE RICE VARIETIES BROCCOLI BUSINESS PLANS SEED PRODUCTION COOPERATIVES SEED TESTING SOIL TYPES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY RICE BREEDER SEED COMMERCIAL SEED YIELDS PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES SEED INDUSTRY CROP MANAGEMENT RICE FIELDS HECTARES OF RICE FOUNDATION SEED COMMODITY GRAIN TILLAGE SEED TESTING PRODUCTION COSTS SEED PRODUCERS The use of quality seed is a major component of increased yields in crop production. Quality seed and seed programs in a country does not emerge by happenstance; it is created by a combination of many factors that include variety development, seed production, quality control, processing, marketing, and governmental oversight. As the seed sector in a country matures, each of these factors becomes more important and plays a more important role in the growth of the agricultural sector. The seed program in Cambodia is interestingly different from that in many other developing countries. Even without a true seed program in Cambodia, farmers understand the need to plant quality seed to increase crop yields. When structuring this growing seed industry, it is important to look at current practices and to incorporate these practices into programs. Since a major thrust of the seed program in Cambodia involves rice, it is important to consider its role in the average Cambodian’s life. Cambodia’s climate must also be accounted for in any decisions regarding seed. Its heat and humidity causes rapid deterioration of seed viability and germination in rice and other seeds in both the growth and storage phases. CARDI research has shown that the level of rice germination falls below 80-85 percent within 6-8 months after harvest; this means that seed must be planted during the growing season following harvest. Therefore, any seed produced beyond immediate planting needs for the next crop is used for milling; seed production costs for that seed cannot be recouped. When seed producers’ budgets are constrained, they often plan their seed production based on conservative seed sales estimates. 2015-08-13T20:02:09Z 2015-08-13T20:02:09Z 2011-05-11 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2015/07/24750010/cambodia-overview-cambodian-seed-secort http://hdl.handle.net/10986/22402 English en_US Technical working paper; CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Working Paper East Asia and Pacific Cambodia |