Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes
Bulgaria is undergoing both a rapid demographic transition and a significant structural shift in its economy. Increasing longevity combined with low fertility and emigration have made Bulgaria’s age structure increasingly top-heavy and its dependen...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Report |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25804233/skills-work-bulgaria-relationship-between-cognitive-socioemotional-skills-labor-market-outcomes http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23795 |
| id |
okr-10986-23795 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
SKILLS JOBS EMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD SURVEY EMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM BASIC EDUCATION FORMAL EDUCATION PERSONALITY SKILLED WORKERS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT SCHOOLING SERVICE SECTOR NUMERACY JOB SKILL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GROUPS AGE GROUP LABOR FORCE LIFE SKILLS PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY JOB PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL LABOR MARKET SUCCESS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET POLICIES UNPAID WORKERS JOB PERFORMANCE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ACTIVE LABOR LITERACY MALE WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE TRAINING VOUCHER LABOR MARKET QUALITY OF EDUCATION CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY UNEMPLOYED LABOR MARKET OUTCOME VOCATIONAL EDUCATION LEARNING JOB TRAINING LABOR TEACHING JOB SEARCH SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT URBAN WORKERS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM FEMALE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES READING UNEMPLOYMENT AVERAGE WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL TRAINING SYSTEM STUDENT ASSESSMENT HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKERS LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS SCIENCE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUES SCHOOLS LABOR DEMAND PARTICIPATION HIGH EMPLOYMENT ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LIFELONG LEARNING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OCCUPATIONS AGE GROUPS DISADVANTAGED YOUTH LABOUR MARKET OCCUPATION SAFETY NET INCOME DISTRIBUTION EMPLOYMENT SERVICES STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION WORKFORCE SKILLS YOUTH LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR EARNING PUBLIC WORKS SKILLS ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE CURRICULUM MANPOWER PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS SKILLED LABOR EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES MANAGEMENT LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES COGNITIVE SKILLS EDUCATION PROGRAMS CHILDREN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EMPLOYABILITY EDUCATION INVESTMENT PRIVATE COMPANY HUMAN RESOURCES FEMALE LABOR FORCE BASIC SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE YOUNG PEOPLE YOUTH TRAINING SKILL REQUIREMENTS LABOR SUPPLY TEACHING METHODS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT GIRLS STUDENTS LEADERSHIP POST SECONDARY EDUCATION WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR FORMAL SCHOOLING WAGE PREMIUMS PARTICIPATION RATES ABSENTEEISM RETURNS TO EDUCATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYEES CREATIVE THINKING |
| spellingShingle |
SKILLS JOBS EMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD SURVEY EMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM BASIC EDUCATION FORMAL EDUCATION PERSONALITY SKILLED WORKERS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT SCHOOLING SERVICE SECTOR NUMERACY JOB SKILL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GROUPS AGE GROUP LABOR FORCE LIFE SKILLS PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY JOB PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL LABOR MARKET SUCCESS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET POLICIES UNPAID WORKERS JOB PERFORMANCE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ACTIVE LABOR LITERACY MALE WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE TRAINING VOUCHER LABOR MARKET QUALITY OF EDUCATION CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY UNEMPLOYED LABOR MARKET OUTCOME VOCATIONAL EDUCATION LEARNING JOB TRAINING LABOR TEACHING JOB SEARCH SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT URBAN WORKERS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM FEMALE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES READING UNEMPLOYMENT AVERAGE WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL TRAINING SYSTEM STUDENT ASSESSMENT HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKERS LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS SCIENCE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUES SCHOOLS LABOR DEMAND PARTICIPATION HIGH EMPLOYMENT ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LIFELONG LEARNING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OCCUPATIONS AGE GROUPS DISADVANTAGED YOUTH LABOUR MARKET OCCUPATION SAFETY NET INCOME DISTRIBUTION EMPLOYMENT SERVICES STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION WORKFORCE SKILLS YOUTH LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR EARNING PUBLIC WORKS SKILLS ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE CURRICULUM MANPOWER PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS SKILLED LABOR EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES MANAGEMENT LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES COGNITIVE SKILLS EDUCATION PROGRAMS CHILDREN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EMPLOYABILITY EDUCATION INVESTMENT PRIVATE COMPANY HUMAN RESOURCES FEMALE LABOR FORCE BASIC SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE YOUNG PEOPLE YOUTH TRAINING SKILL REQUIREMENTS LABOR SUPPLY TEACHING METHODS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT GIRLS STUDENTS LEADERSHIP POST SECONDARY EDUCATION WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR FORMAL SCHOOLING WAGE PREMIUMS PARTICIPATION RATES ABSENTEEISM RETURNS TO EDUCATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYEES CREATIVE THINKING World Bank Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Bulgaria |
| description |
Bulgaria is undergoing both a rapid
demographic transition and a significant structural shift in
its economy. Increasing longevity combined with low
fertility and emigration have made Bulgaria’s age structure
increasingly top-heavy and its dependency ratios higher. At
the same time, the economic sectors that absorbed
low-skilled workers during the high-growth early 2000s, such
as construction and manufacturing, were those that
contracted most during the 2008–09 economic crisis and they
have not yet recovered. Meanwhile, activities demanding
high-skilled labor, such as financial and business services
and information, communication, and technology (ICT), have
been faring relatively well. This study uses a new dataset
with direct measures of cognitive and socio-emotional skills
to examine the relationship between skills and labor market
outcomes in Bulgaria. For a long time, labor market studies
had to rely on formal educational attainment as a measure of
an individual’s skills. However, the correlation between
formal education and skills is not perfect, and not all
diplomas are equal in terms of imparting certain skills to
students. Moreover, valuable skills can be acquired without
formal diplomas, for example through on-the-job training or
learning-by doing. In addition to using educational
attainment this study therefore looks at direct measures of
two types of skills that employer’s value: cognitive skills,
such as functional literacy and numeracy, and
socio-emotional skills, such as self-discipline,
perseverance, and ability to work well with others. The
objective is to assess the extent to which these direct
measures shed light on what matters for labor market
success, defined as being in the labor force, being
employed, and earning more. This analysis relies on original
data (the Bulgarian Longitudinal Inclusive Society Survey,
BLISS) collected by the World Bank and Open Society
Institute–Sofia in the spring of 2013, which for the first
time in the country included nationally-representative
information on the cognitive and socio-emotional skills of
the working-age population. |
| format |
Report |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| title_short |
Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| title_full |
Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| title_fullStr |
Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes |
| title_sort |
skills for work in bulgaria : the relationship between cognitive and socioemotional skills and labor market outcomes |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25804233/skills-work-bulgaria-relationship-between-cognitive-socioemotional-skills-labor-market-outcomes http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23795 |
| _version_ |
1764454745590726656 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-237952021-05-26T09:05:20Z Skills for Work in Bulgaria : The Relationship between Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills and Labor Market Outcomes World Bank SKILLS JOBS EMPLOYMENT HOUSEHOLD SURVEY EMPLOYMENT RATE UNEMPLOYMENT RATES FORMAL EDUCATION SYSTEM BASIC EDUCATION FORMAL EDUCATION PERSONALITY SKILLED WORKERS WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT SCHOOLING SERVICE SECTOR NUMERACY JOB SKILL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT GROUPS AGE GROUP LABOR FORCE LIFE SKILLS PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT FUNCTIONAL LITERACY JOB PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT ACCESS TO PRESCHOOL LABOR MARKET SUCCESS EMPLOYMENT RATES TRAINING PROGRAMS LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR MARKET POLICIES UNPAID WORKERS JOB PERFORMANCE EMPLOYMENT OUTCOMES ACTIVE LABOR LITERACY MALE WORKERS WORK EXPERIENCE KNOWLEDGE TRAINING VOUCHER LABOR MARKET QUALITY OF EDUCATION CHILDHOOD EDUCATION TRAINING EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ON-THE-JOB TRAINING WORKER PUBLIC SECTOR JOBS PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYEES ACTIVE LABOR MARKET LABOR PRODUCTIVITY UNEMPLOYED LABOR MARKET OUTCOME VOCATIONAL EDUCATION LEARNING JOB TRAINING LABOR TEACHING JOB SEARCH SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT URBAN WORKERS PUBLIC WORKS PROGRAM FEMALE LABOR ACTIVE LABOR MARKET POLICIES READING UNEMPLOYMENT AVERAGE WAGES HUMAN CAPITAL TRAINING SYSTEM STUDENT ASSESSMENT HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WORKERS LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS SCIENCE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE VALUES SCHOOLS LABOR DEMAND PARTICIPATION HIGH EMPLOYMENT ACTIVE LABOR MARKET PROGRAMS LIFELONG LEARNING STUDENT PERFORMANCE OCCUPATIONS AGE GROUPS DISADVANTAGED YOUTH LABOUR MARKET OCCUPATION SAFETY NET INCOME DISTRIBUTION EMPLOYMENT SERVICES STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION WORKFORCE SKILLS YOUTH LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT GROWTH PRIVATE SECTOR EARNING PUBLIC WORKS SKILLS ASSESSMENT LABOR MARKET PERFORMANCE CURRICULUM MANPOWER PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS SKILLED LABOR EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES MANAGEMENT LABOR ORGANIZATION LABOUR MARKET OUTCOMES COGNITIVE SKILLS EDUCATION PROGRAMS CHILDREN PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICE EMPLOYABILITY EDUCATION INVESTMENT PRIVATE COMPANY HUMAN RESOURCES FEMALE LABOR FORCE BASIC SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAM EMPLOYEE DISCIPLINE YOUNG PEOPLE YOUTH TRAINING SKILL REQUIREMENTS LABOR SUPPLY TEACHING METHODS HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT GIRLS STUDENTS LEADERSHIP POST SECONDARY EDUCATION WOMEN YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT LABOUR FORMAL SCHOOLING WAGE PREMIUMS PARTICIPATION RATES ABSENTEEISM RETURNS TO EDUCATION HUMAN DEVELOPMENT EMPLOYEES CREATIVE THINKING Bulgaria is undergoing both a rapid demographic transition and a significant structural shift in its economy. Increasing longevity combined with low fertility and emigration have made Bulgaria’s age structure increasingly top-heavy and its dependency ratios higher. At the same time, the economic sectors that absorbed low-skilled workers during the high-growth early 2000s, such as construction and manufacturing, were those that contracted most during the 2008–09 economic crisis and they have not yet recovered. Meanwhile, activities demanding high-skilled labor, such as financial and business services and information, communication, and technology (ICT), have been faring relatively well. This study uses a new dataset with direct measures of cognitive and socio-emotional skills to examine the relationship between skills and labor market outcomes in Bulgaria. For a long time, labor market studies had to rely on formal educational attainment as a measure of an individual’s skills. However, the correlation between formal education and skills is not perfect, and not all diplomas are equal in terms of imparting certain skills to students. Moreover, valuable skills can be acquired without formal diplomas, for example through on-the-job training or learning-by doing. In addition to using educational attainment this study therefore looks at direct measures of two types of skills that employer’s value: cognitive skills, such as functional literacy and numeracy, and socio-emotional skills, such as self-discipline, perseverance, and ability to work well with others. The objective is to assess the extent to which these direct measures shed light on what matters for labor market success, defined as being in the labor force, being employed, and earning more. This analysis relies on original data (the Bulgarian Longitudinal Inclusive Society Survey, BLISS) collected by the World Bank and Open Society Institute–Sofia in the spring of 2013, which for the first time in the country included nationally-representative information on the cognitive and socio-emotional skills of the working-age population. 2016-03-01T22:04:55Z 2016-03-01T22:04:55Z 2016-01 Report http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/01/25804233/skills-work-bulgaria-relationship-between-cognitive-socioemotional-skills-labor-market-outcomes http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23795 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Other Social Protection Study Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Bulgaria |