Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis
This report is about Energy sector in Romania which is responsible for 58 percent of the country’s GHG emissions (except Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF)), and is therefore critical for mitigation. Romania’s economic growth and energ...
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Brief |
| Language: | English en_US |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2016
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26048622/romania-toward-low-carbon-climate-resilient-economy-energy-sector-analysis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24060 |
| id |
okr-10986-24060 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
EMISSION ALLOWANCES WASTE JOBS TOTAL EMISSIONS ENERGY INTENSIVE SUBSTITUTION POWER PLANTS ECONOMIC GROWTH RENEWABLE RESOURCES ENERGY MARKETS ELECTRICITY SECTOR FOSSIL FUELS CARBON ENERGY SYSTEM POWER STATIONS GENERATION CARBON PATH DISCOUNT RATE INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY WIND EMISSIONS GAS PRICES POWER SUPPLY COAL PLANTS EMISSION REDUCTION GAS MODELS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT CLEANER MARGINAL ABATEMENT EMISSION REDUCTIONS SUPPLY SIDE HEAT PRODUCTION PRESENT VALUE BIOMASS GENERATION CAPACITY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY CO2 PETROLEUM ENERGY POLICIES POWER INDUSTRY HEATING ENERGY SCENARIOS OIL EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION POWER GENERATION ENERGY DEMAND MODEL PETROLEUM REFINERIES ENERGY SOURCES POWER SECTOR CAPACITY GHG ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY INTENSITY OPTIONS SOLID FUELS ENERGY RESOURCES IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY WIND GENERATION MARKETS ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSIONS MITIGATION ABSOLUTE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS TOTAL COSTS NUCLEAR CAPACITY ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING FUELS FUEL COSTS END-USE EMISSIONS REDUCTION ABATEMENT COST CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY RENEWABLE GENERATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION EMISSION CONSUMPTION ENERGY SECURITY POWER GENERATION CAPACITY LEAD GAS EXTRACTION COAL MINING HEAT POLICIES CLIMATE CHANGE DEMAND FOR ENERGY VALUE POWER ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ELECTRICITY CLIMATE ENERGY SERVICE DEMAND GREEN POWER ABATEMENT SUPPLY COSTS ELECTRICITY GENERATION FOSSIL FUEL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST CARBON ENERGY CO POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION URANIUM PRIMARY ENERGY ALLOWANCES ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY DEMAND NATURAL GAS EMISSIONS FROM FUEL GAS PLANTS FUEL COMBUSTION LEVEL OF EMISSIONS COMBUSTION GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS TARGETS INVESTMENT NUCLEAR POWER COAL SUPPLY FUEL LESS AVAILABILITY INVESTMENTS RENEWABLE SOURCES EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION RENEWABLE ENERGY EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS REFINERIES CARBONIZATION REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS FOSSIL PRICES BENEFITS GREEN ENERGY ENERGY |
| spellingShingle |
EMISSION ALLOWANCES WASTE JOBS TOTAL EMISSIONS ENERGY INTENSIVE SUBSTITUTION POWER PLANTS ECONOMIC GROWTH RENEWABLE RESOURCES ENERGY MARKETS ELECTRICITY SECTOR FOSSIL FUELS CARBON ENERGY SYSTEM POWER STATIONS GENERATION CARBON PATH DISCOUNT RATE INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY WIND EMISSIONS GAS PRICES POWER SUPPLY COAL PLANTS EMISSION REDUCTION GAS MODELS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT CLEANER MARGINAL ABATEMENT EMISSION REDUCTIONS SUPPLY SIDE HEAT PRODUCTION PRESENT VALUE BIOMASS GENERATION CAPACITY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY CO2 PETROLEUM ENERGY POLICIES POWER INDUSTRY HEATING ENERGY SCENARIOS OIL EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION POWER GENERATION ENERGY DEMAND MODEL PETROLEUM REFINERIES ENERGY SOURCES POWER SECTOR CAPACITY GHG ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY INTENSITY OPTIONS SOLID FUELS ENERGY RESOURCES IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY WIND GENERATION MARKETS ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSIONS MITIGATION ABSOLUTE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS TOTAL COSTS NUCLEAR CAPACITY ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING FUELS FUEL COSTS END-USE EMISSIONS REDUCTION ABATEMENT COST CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY RENEWABLE GENERATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION EMISSION CONSUMPTION ENERGY SECURITY POWER GENERATION CAPACITY LEAD GAS EXTRACTION COAL MINING HEAT POLICIES CLIMATE CHANGE DEMAND FOR ENERGY VALUE POWER ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ELECTRICITY CLIMATE ENERGY SERVICE DEMAND GREEN POWER ABATEMENT SUPPLY COSTS ELECTRICITY GENERATION FOSSIL FUEL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST CARBON ENERGY CO POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION URANIUM PRIMARY ENERGY ALLOWANCES ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY DEMAND NATURAL GAS EMISSIONS FROM FUEL GAS PLANTS FUEL COMBUSTION LEVEL OF EMISSIONS COMBUSTION GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS TARGETS INVESTMENT NUCLEAR POWER COAL SUPPLY FUEL LESS AVAILABILITY INVESTMENTS RENEWABLE SOURCES EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION RENEWABLE ENERGY EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS REFINERIES CARBONIZATION REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS FOSSIL PRICES BENEFITS GREEN ENERGY ENERGY World Bank Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| geographic_facet |
Europe and Central Asia Romania |
| description |
This report is about Energy sector in
Romania which is responsible for 58 percent of the country’s
GHG emissions (except Land use, land-use change and forestry
(LULUCF)), and is therefore critical for mitigation.
Romania’s economic growth and energy consumption have been
decoupling since the early 1990s, and the energy intensity
of the economy has been continuously decreasing, but it is
still high. At present, Romanian energy supply system is
relatively carbon intensive, but share of zero-carbon energy
sources is growing. The energy sector analysis and modeling
were designed to find the best solutions for Romania’s
energy supply mix given the country’s prospective medium-
and long-term climate change mitigation obligations. The key
findings were as follows: (i) energy efficiency measures
will contain energy demand growth; (ii) as a result of the
new investments in the energy sector under the Green and the
Super Green scenarios, primary energy supply mix will become
cleaner. Under the Baseline scenario; (iii) new investments
in the electricity sector will lead to a much cleaner
electricity supply mix; (iv) total costs for the energy
system are lower under the Green scenario then in the
Baseline, but the Super Green mitigation targets require an
expense equal to the Baseline one; (v) electricity sector
GHG emissions in 2050 are 72 percent and 97 percent below
the 2005 level under the Green and Super Green scenarios,
respectively; (vi) GHG emission from the energy supply
system as a whole would be 25 percent and 50 percent below
in 2030 from the 2005 level in the Green and Super green
scenarios, respectively; and (vii) Marginal Abatement Cost
Curve (MACC) shows that the proposed measures provide a
significant potential abatement level totaling in 2050. The
conclusions and recommendations were as follows: (a) Romania
can meet the GHG mitigation obligations likely under the EU
2030 framework in energy and electricity sectors at moderate
costs; (b) The prospective requirements of the EU 2050
Roadmap, which requires at least 80 percent reduction in
emissions overall and the virtual elimination of emissions
from the power sector, are both expensive and challenging to
implement; (c) Implementation of a set of aggressive energy
efficiency measures is a key part of the Green and the Super
Green scenarios; (d) a lower carbon path for Romania’s
energy sector imposes significant costs and complex planning
challenges on the sector, in particular on power generation;
(e) energy sector in Romania has the potential to become an
engine of economic growth; (f) while this assessment
included a set of generally-agreed technologies at costs
based on today’s best analysis, both technologies and costs
will surely evolve, and updated analysis will be needed; and
(g) while long-term sector development to 2030 and 2050, the
subject of this assessment, is important, the government
cannot be distracted from critical near-term sector reforms. |
| format |
Brief |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| title_short |
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| title_full |
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| title_fullStr |
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis |
| title_sort |
romania toward a low carbon and climate resilient economy : energy sector analysis |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26048622/romania-toward-low-carbon-climate-resilient-economy-energy-sector-analysis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24060 |
| _version_ |
1764455541075083264 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-240602021-04-23T14:04:19Z Romania Toward a Low Carbon and Climate Resilient Economy : Energy Sector Analysis World Bank EMISSION ALLOWANCES WASTE JOBS TOTAL EMISSIONS ENERGY INTENSIVE SUBSTITUTION POWER PLANTS ECONOMIC GROWTH RENEWABLE RESOURCES ENERGY MARKETS ELECTRICITY SECTOR FOSSIL FUELS CARBON ENERGY SYSTEM POWER STATIONS GENERATION CARBON PATH DISCOUNT RATE INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY WIND EMISSIONS GAS PRICES POWER SUPPLY COAL PLANTS EMISSION REDUCTION GAS MODELS EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT CLEANER MARGINAL ABATEMENT EMISSION REDUCTIONS SUPPLY SIDE HEAT PRODUCTION PRESENT VALUE BIOMASS GENERATION CAPACITY PRIMARY ENERGY SUPPLY CO2 PETROLEUM ENERGY POLICIES POWER INDUSTRY HEATING ENERGY SCENARIOS OIL EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION POWER GENERATION ENERGY DEMAND MODEL PETROLEUM REFINERIES ENERGY SOURCES POWER SECTOR CAPACITY GHG ENERGY SUPPLY ENERGY INTENSITY OPTIONS SOLID FUELS ENERGY RESOURCES IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY WIND GENERATION MARKETS ELECTRICITY SUPPLY EMISSIONS MITIGATION ABSOLUTE LEVEL OF EMISSIONS TOTAL COSTS NUCLEAR CAPACITY ENERGY INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING FUELS FUEL COSTS END-USE EMISSIONS REDUCTION ABATEMENT COST CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRY RENEWABLE GENERATION ENERGY CONSUMPTION EMISSION CONSUMPTION ENERGY SECURITY POWER GENERATION CAPACITY LEAD GAS EXTRACTION COAL MINING HEAT POLICIES CLIMATE CHANGE DEMAND FOR ENERGY VALUE POWER ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES ELECTRICITY CLIMATE ENERGY SERVICE DEMAND GREEN POWER ABATEMENT SUPPLY COSTS ELECTRICITY GENERATION FOSSIL FUEL CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST CARBON ENERGY CO POLICY ENERGY PRODUCTION URANIUM PRIMARY ENERGY ALLOWANCES ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY DEMAND NATURAL GAS EMISSIONS FROM FUEL GAS PLANTS FUEL COMBUSTION LEVEL OF EMISSIONS COMBUSTION GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY EMISSIONS TARGETS INVESTMENT NUCLEAR POWER COAL SUPPLY FUEL LESS AVAILABILITY INVESTMENTS RENEWABLE SOURCES EMISSIONS FROM FUEL COMBUSTION RENEWABLE ENERGY EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS REFINERIES CARBONIZATION REDUCTION IN EMISSIONS FOSSIL PRICES BENEFITS GREEN ENERGY ENERGY This report is about Energy sector in Romania which is responsible for 58 percent of the country’s GHG emissions (except Land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF)), and is therefore critical for mitigation. Romania’s economic growth and energy consumption have been decoupling since the early 1990s, and the energy intensity of the economy has been continuously decreasing, but it is still high. At present, Romanian energy supply system is relatively carbon intensive, but share of zero-carbon energy sources is growing. The energy sector analysis and modeling were designed to find the best solutions for Romania’s energy supply mix given the country’s prospective medium- and long-term climate change mitigation obligations. The key findings were as follows: (i) energy efficiency measures will contain energy demand growth; (ii) as a result of the new investments in the energy sector under the Green and the Super Green scenarios, primary energy supply mix will become cleaner. Under the Baseline scenario; (iii) new investments in the electricity sector will lead to a much cleaner electricity supply mix; (iv) total costs for the energy system are lower under the Green scenario then in the Baseline, but the Super Green mitigation targets require an expense equal to the Baseline one; (v) electricity sector GHG emissions in 2050 are 72 percent and 97 percent below the 2005 level under the Green and Super Green scenarios, respectively; (vi) GHG emission from the energy supply system as a whole would be 25 percent and 50 percent below in 2030 from the 2005 level in the Green and Super green scenarios, respectively; and (vii) Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC) shows that the proposed measures provide a significant potential abatement level totaling in 2050. The conclusions and recommendations were as follows: (a) Romania can meet the GHG mitigation obligations likely under the EU 2030 framework in energy and electricity sectors at moderate costs; (b) The prospective requirements of the EU 2050 Roadmap, which requires at least 80 percent reduction in emissions overall and the virtual elimination of emissions from the power sector, are both expensive and challenging to implement; (c) Implementation of a set of aggressive energy efficiency measures is a key part of the Green and the Super Green scenarios; (d) a lower carbon path for Romania’s energy sector imposes significant costs and complex planning challenges on the sector, in particular on power generation; (e) energy sector in Romania has the potential to become an engine of economic growth; (f) while this assessment included a set of generally-agreed technologies at costs based on today’s best analysis, both technologies and costs will surely evolve, and updated analysis will be needed; and (g) while long-term sector development to 2030 and 2050, the subject of this assessment, is important, the government cannot be distracted from critical near-term sector reforms. 2016-04-14T18:19:16Z 2016-04-14T18:19:16Z 2015-12-31 Brief http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26048622/romania-toward-low-carbon-climate-resilient-economy-energy-sector-analysis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/24060 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note Economic & Sector Work Europe and Central Asia Romania |